为了探索双频超声预处理对剩余污泥脱水性能的影响,选择单独频率17、33 k Hz和双频17+33 k Hz,进行单位总固体(TS)不同超声能量水平(0~12 000 k J·kg~(-1))下的序批式实验,通过测定污泥比阻和泥饼含水率来表征污泥可过滤性和离心脱水性能的变化。结果表明,在低能量水平下,双频超声对污泥脱水性能的改善效果远优于单频超声,17、33和17+33 k Hz 3种频率下污泥比阻较原泥最大降低44.67%、57.30%和80.41%。在双频、超声能量1 000 k J·kg~(-1)条件下泥饼含水率较原泥最大降低20.62%。随着超声能量的增加,污泥平均粒径不断下降,污泥降解度不断增加,表明污泥胞外聚合物和细胞中的有机质不断从固相向液相转移。双频较单频的能量利用效率高,使得双频在更低的能量条件下达到更好的脱水效果,这为超声预处理技术在实际应用中的推广提供了科学支撑。 相似文献
The relationship between the improvement of sludge dewaterability and variation of organic matters has been studied in the process of sludge pre-conditioning with modified cinder, especially for extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in the sludge. During the conditioning process, the decreases of total organic carbon (TOC) and soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) were obviously in the supernatant especially for the acid modified cinder (ACMC), which could be attributed to the processes of adsorption and sweeping. The reduction of polysaccharide and protein in supernatant indicated that ACMC might adsorb EPS so that the tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) decreased in sludge. In the case of ACMC addition with 24 g·L–1, SRF of the sludge decreased from 7.85 × 1012 m·kg–1 to 2.06 × 1012 m·kg–1, and the filter cake moisture decreased from 85% to 60%. The reconstruction of “floc mass” was confirmed as the main sludge conditioning mechanism. ACMC promoted the dewatering performance through the charge neutralization and adsorption bridging with the negative EPS, and provided firm and dense structure for sludge floc as skeleton builder. The passages for water quick transmitting were built to avoid collapsing during the high-pressure process.
This work aims to explore a procedure to improve biological wastewater treatment efficiency using low intensity ultrasound. The aerobic activated sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant was used as the experimental material. Oxygen uptake rate (OUR) of the activated sludge (AS) was determined to indicate the changes of AS activity stimulated by ultrasound at 35 kHz for 0–40 min with ultrasonic intensities of 0–1.2 W/cm2. The highest OUR was observed at the ultrasonic intensity of 0.3 W/cm2 and an irradiation period of 10 min; more than 15% increase was achieved immediately after sonication. More significantly, the AS activity stimulated by ultrasound could last 24 h after sonication, and the AS activity achieved its peak value within 8 h after sonication, or nearly 100% higher than the initial level after sonication. Therefore, to improve the wastewater treatment efficiency of bioreactors, ultrasound with an intensity of 0.3 W/cm2 could be employed to irradiate a part of the AS in the bioreactor for 10 min every 8 h. 相似文献
Gravitational thickening is the prevailing method to reduce sludge volume but the process is slow and usually requires addition of polyelectrolyte(s). This paper investigated the potential benefits of sonication on enhancing the sludge gravitational thickening with very low energy dose, so called “weak ultrasound”. Results showed that weak sonication significantly changed the sludge settlability and the main mechanism was release of the loosely bounded extracellular polymeric substances. The changes in sludge behaviors by sonication were strongly influenced by power density and sonication duration. Lower sound frequency was slightly better than higher frequency. Weak sonication (<680 kJ·kg-1 DS) improved the sludge gravitational thickening while high ultrasonic energy deteriorated the process. Considering both the sludge thickening efficiency and energy consumption, the optimum conditions were 0.15 W·mL-1, 7 s, and 25 kHz. Under such conditions, the energy dose was only 155 kJ·kg-1 DS, much lower than literature reports, and the sludge settling time was shortened from 24 h to 12?h. Weak sonication could substitute expensive polyelectrolyte coagulant for sludge thickening. Combination of weak sonication and polyelectrolyte could further reduce the settling time to 6 h. The final water content of the thickened sludge was not changed after sonication or polyelectrolyte addition. 相似文献
从纺织污水活性污泥中筛选得到一株新型聚乙烯醇(PVA)降解酶产生菌,根据形态学特征鉴定该菌属于青霉属(Penicillium sp.),实验室编号WStt02-21.这是由霉菌产生PVA降解酶的首例报道.在考察了菌株WSH02-21基本生长和产酶特性的基础上,研究了营养条件对PVA降解酶合成的影响.通过对营养条件的单因素考察和正交试验,确定了最优培养条件为PVA 40 g L-1、葡萄糖3.0 g L-1、NH4Cl 8.0 g L-1、KH2PO4 2.0 g L-1、酵母膏1.0 g L-1、:MgSO40.5 g L-1。、CaCl2 1.0 g L-1、NaCl 0.02 g L-1、FeSO4·7H2O 0.02 g L-1,初始pH 6.4.其中PVA浓度是影响Penicilliumsp.WSH02-21合成PVA降解酶的最重要因素.采用最优化条件进行验证试验,PVA降解酶酶活(4.4 U mL-1)略高于正交试验中的的最高酶活(4.3 U mL-1).图7表2参11 相似文献
Conditions for ultrasonic treatment to achieve partial nitritation are optimized.Ultrasound reduces metabolic activity and releases intracellular metabolites.Mechanical shearing is essential to inhibit nitrite oxidation. The ultrasonic treatment of sludge has been considered as an effective method to facilitate the partial nitritation of municipal sewage. This study aims to reveal the effects of ultrasound on ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB). The impact factors including ultrasonic irradiation time and intensity, sludge concentration, thermal effect and released free radicals were studied. The maximized difference between the changes in AOB and NOB activities were obtained with 10 g mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS)/L, using 0.9 kJ/mL ultrasonic energy density and 12 h interval time. The increased ultrasonic intensity destroyed the floc structure of activated sludge, increased the microbial death, and decreased the cellular ATP level. Further, the mechanism exploration indicated that the mechanical shearing could be a critical factor in achieving the nitritation with inhibitory effect on nitrite oxidation. 相似文献