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法国巴黎地区曾面临有关水的三大挑战:塞纳河河水变化的控制、巴黎市民饮用水的供给和污水的排泄。这三大挑战目前已很好地得到了解决,巴黎地区的给排水系统已经修复好了,并制订和实施了一系列的水环境保护措施。本文总结巴黎地区给排水工程经验和水环境保护措施,并加以讨论。 相似文献
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剖析了Taylor模式的要点或理论基础,认为否定环境对沉积物REE型式的影响,发现太古宙沉积物与元古宙沉积物REE型式的差异,提出太古宙末有全球性钾质花岗岩事件等,是Taylor模式的三个关键或紧密相连的三个主要环节。论证了Taylor模式的三大关键实属三大错误。然后探讨了Taylor模式的若干其它不足或所面临的问题。最后将错误和不足的原因归为Taylor错误地否定了环境对沉积物化学成分的影响,从而重新提出环境是影响沉积物微量元素配分的重要因素.不可忽视。 相似文献
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《中国资源报告》和《中国农业资源状况报告》编写工作简况人口、资源、环境已经成为全球性的三大问题,也是我国持续发展中面临的严峻挑战。人口问题的症结是资源的承载能力,环境问题的凸现是过度消耗资源并释放污染物。所以在缓解人类面临的三大问题的过程中,资源问题... 相似文献
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中国科学院国情分析研究小组 《资源节约和综合利用》2000,(4)
1.中国农业发展面临的严峻困难与挑战 1.1中国农业在自然资源、劳动、资本和科技教育上面临的困难挑战(见总第45期) 1.1.1中国基本国情决定农业在国民经济中具有特殊重要的地位(见总第45期) 1.1.2农业面临的严峻困难和增长粮食的艰难性(见总第45期) 1.2“成本高,效益低”是21世纪中国增产粮食的主要困难(见总第45期) 1.3中国目前粮食批发价格已高于国际市场价格(见总第46期) 1.4 21世纪上半期中国可能出现粮食产量缓慢增长的局面(见总第47期) 1.5莱斯特·布朗先生敲起的警钟:“谁… 相似文献
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中国科学院国情分析研究小组 《资源节约和综合利用》2000,(2)
1.中国农业发展面临的严峻困难与挑战 1.1中国农业在自然资源、劳动、资本和科技教育上面临的困难与挑战(见总第45期) 1.1.1中国基本国增决定农业在国民经济中具有特殊重要的地位(见总第45期) 1.1.2农业面临的严峻困难和增长粮食的艰难性(见总第45期) 1.2“成本高,效益低”是21世纪中国增产粮食的主要困难(见总第45期) 1.3中国目前粮食批发价格已高于国际市场价格(见总第46期) 1.4 21世纪上半期中国可能出现粮食产量缓慢增长的局面(见总第47期) 1.5莱斯特·布朗先生激起的警钟:“… 相似文献
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Paul Ney 《Die Naturwissenschaften》1981,68(12):597-605
Types of asbestos are distinguished not only by structure, chemical compositon, shape of aggregates, and length and quality of fibers, but also by its formation. Though consisting of quite common elements, deposits are formed only under very special conditions. Its unique combination of properties has created over 3000 fields of application (about 70% in asbestos cement). Great efforts have been made to substitute all types of asbestos by harmless, similarly cheap and versatile synthetic fibers, owing to the unquestioned carcinogenic properties of all asbestos dusts. However, development of such fibers has not made any remarkable progress until recently. Consequently risk to workers in mining and manufactoring, consumers, outsiders, and the environment should be kept as low as possible by intensifying precautions and diminishing emissions. 相似文献
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This work was conducted to evaluate whether Ca-bearing additives used during coal combustion can also help with the retention of some other elements. This work was focused on the evaluation of bottom ashes collected during four full-scale combustion tests at an operating thermal fluidized-bed power station. Bottom ashes were preferred to fly ashes for the study to avoid interference from condensation processes usually occurring in the post-combustion zone. This work focused on the behaviors of S, Cl, Br, As, Mn, V, Cr, Ni, Cu,Zn, W, and Pb. Strong positive correlations with CaO content in bottom ashes were observed(for all four combustion tests) for S, As, Cl and Br(R = 0.917-0.999). Strong inverse proportionality was calculated between the contents of Pb, Zn, Ni, Cr and Mn and CaO, so these elements showed association to materials other than Ca-bearing compounds(e.g., to aluminosilicates, organic matter, etc.). Somewhat unclear behaviors were observed for W, Cu, and V. Their correlation coefficients were evaluated as statistically "not significant", i.e., these elements were not thought to be significantly associated with CaO. It was also discovered that major enrichment of CaO in the finest bottom ash fractions could be advantageously used for simple separation of elements strongly associated with these fractions, mainly S and As, but also Cl or Br. Removal of5% of the finest ash particles brings about a decrease in As concentration down to 77%-80% of its original bulk ash content, which can be conveniently used e.g., when high As content complicates further ash utilization. 相似文献
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Kurunthachalam Kannan Simonetta Corsoline Takashi Imagaws Silvano Focardi John P.Giesy 《Ambio-人类环境杂志》2002,31(3):207-211
我们曾对从意大利收集的金枪鱼、箭鱼、普通鸬鹚以及家燕体内的p,p'-DDE、多氯联苯同类物(PCBs)、多氯二苯-p-二恶英(PCDDs)、多氯二苯并呋喃(PCDFs)以及多氯萘(PCNs)浓度进行过测量. 相似文献
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Vine Edward L. Sathaye Jayant A. 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2000,5(2):189-216
In this paper, we present an overview of guidelinesdeveloped for the monitoring, evaluation, reporting,verification, and certification (MERVC) ofenergy-efficiency projects for climate changemitigation. The monitoring and evaluation ofenergy-efficiency projects is needed to determine moreaccurately their impact on greenhouse gas (GHG)emissions and other attributes, and to ensure that theglobal climate is protected and that countryobligations are met. Reporting, verification andcertification will be needed for addressing therequirements of the Kyoto Protocol. While the cost ofmonitoring and evaluation of energy-efficiencyprojects is expected to be about 5–10% of a project'sbudget, the actual cost of monitoring and evaluationwill vary depending on many factors, including thelevel of precision required for measuring energy andGHG reductions, type of project, and amount of fundingavailable. 相似文献
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G. Vollmer 《Die Naturwissenschaften》1991,78(12):533-542
In order to say something substantial about the fundamental limits of machines (especially of computers) and of human calculations, we must explicate the concept of algorithm. Such an explication is provided by the Turing machine. Thus, problems have been discovered which cannot be solved algorithmically. For other problems there are problem-solving procedures, but no elegant algorithms. That men are fundamentally superior to machines has not been shown as yet. 相似文献
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《Journal of Cleaner Production》2006,14(17):1557-1558
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