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乌鲁木齐空气微生物含量的测定 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用自然平皿沉降法对乌鲁木齐市13个室内外空气测点作了微生物含量的测定,结果表明平均室外空气的细菌、真菌、总菌含量及F/T%分别为28583 8、780 5、29364 3CFU·m-3及2 7,证实了该市空气处于中度微生物污染状态。少量测点显示其空气已受到严重污染,空气质量不佳。室内空气微生物污染也重。空气微生物污染以细菌为主。分析了室外空气微生物含量的时空分布特点差异,探讨了其成因,并与其他城市作了比较。文章指出增强环境忧患意识,采用切实而有效措施,减少环境污染的必要性。 相似文献
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环境试验室是电子计算机的用户 综观环境试验室目前广泛应用电子计算机的程度,就会使人们相信:若没有各种电子计算机,则环境试验室势必也会将它们发明出来。电子计算机所拥有的登记、写出报告、大量数据的求得、存取与查询,以要求的速率可靠而又能重复地对过程进行控制以及执行工程计算等功能,均在各种环境试验室中不同程度地获得应用。 相似文献
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单循环交变湿热试验室的主要技术关键是降温阶段如何保持高湿(95%~100%)。本文通过对空气再处理的流程顺序、加湿量、蒸发器表面温度等进行研究探讨,论证单循环交变湿热试验室的可行性。 相似文献
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创造家庭负氧离子环境在我们的日常生活中,大家都会有这样一种感觉,即长时间的室内工作或学习之后,到室外特别是海滨、湖畔,丛林或野外去走一走,顿感空气新鲜,必旷神怡,这是为什么?其原因之一,便是那里的空气中含有较多的负氧离子,是人们多吸了富含负氧离子空气... 相似文献
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Wolfgang K. H. Kinzelbach 《Environmental management》1981,5(1):69-77
In most industrialized countries, environmental standards exist which prescribe the maximum allowable man-made increase in water temperature of a river. Together with flowrate and weather conditions, these standards determine the rate at which waste heat may be discharged into a river at any moment. Power generating stations with variable cooling systems can adjust their heat discharge into the river in compliance with environmental standards and by doing so exert an influence on power generation capacity. In this paper, a scheme is developed that allows a chain of power stations discharging into the same river to operate their cooling systems such that the output of total electricity is maximized and water temperature standards are accomodated. The optimum balance between stations is determined through dynamic programming. From the results of a simulation model using historical data, simple decision rules for day-to-day operation are abstracted. These rules are based solely on the river flow rates at each power station. 相似文献
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制定室内模拟运输试验条件的一种方法 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
介绍了制定室内模拟运输试验条件的一种技术方法。以运输距离、运输速度及路面等级给出的运输环境条件可以采用空间频率功率谱密度(PSD)描述,进而获得以时间频率PSD描述的室内模拟运输试验条件。文中还分析了确定的路面等级的空间频率PSD的波动以及运输速度对于室内模拟运输试验条件量级的影响,结果表明:相同的运输环境条件,其室内模拟运输试验条件振动量级可以具有的波动范围;相同的路面等级,运输速度与试验条件振动量级成正比。工程应用中可以针对不同产品的设计要求来剪裁使用。 相似文献
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Operational Evapotranspiration Mapping Using Remote Sensing and Weather Datasets: A New Parameterization for the SSEB Approach 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gabriel B. Senay Stefanie Bohms Ramesh K. Singh Prasanna H. Gowda Naga M. Velpuri Henok Alemu James P. Verdin 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2013,49(3):577-591
The increasing availability of multi‐scale remotely sensed data and global weather datasets is allowing the estimation of evapotranspiration (ET) at multiple scales. We present a simple but robust method that uses remotely sensed thermal data and model‐assimilated weather fields to produce ET for the contiguous United States (CONUS) at monthly and seasonal time scales. The method is based on the Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEB) model, which is now parameterized for operational applications, renamed as SSEBop. The innovative aspect of the SSEBop is that it uses predefined boundary conditions that are unique to each pixel for the “hot” and “cold” reference conditions. The SSEBop model was used for computing ET for 12 years (2000‐2011) using the MODIS and Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) data streams. SSEBop ET results compared reasonably well with monthly eddy covariance ET data explaining 64% of the observed variability across diverse ecosystems in the CONUS during 2005. Twelve annual ET anomalies (2000‐2011) depicted the spatial extent and severity of the commonly known drought years in the CONUS. More research is required to improve the representation of the predefined boundary conditions in complex terrain at small spatial scales. SSEBop model was found to be a promising approach to conduct water use studies in the CONUS, with a similar opportunity in other parts of the world. The approach can also be applied with other thermal sensors such as Landsat. 相似文献
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氙灯曝露试验是非金属材料的耐候性和耐光性测试的主要方法之一,本文着重介绍了氙灯曝露试验的原理、试验条件在当前的氙灯曝露试验设备上的物理实现、主要的氙灯试验标准以及氙灯曝露试验应考虑的因素. 相似文献
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Katarzyna Piotrowicz 《Environmental management》2009,44(4):766-775
Progressive global warming exerts strong influence on the lives and on the health of urban residents, many of who are weather
sensitive people (meteoropaths). In the temperate zone, air temperature changes largely determine the seasonal oscillation
of morbidity and mortality frequency. The present study analyzes the influence of air temperature on living conditions in
central European urban areas, particularly Cracow (Poland), and examines this influence against the background of climate
change. During the warmer months, there is a noticeable increase in the unfavorable occurrence of especially strong thermal
stimuli (e.g., hot days) which can lead to overheating of the human organism. On the other hand, the increasing frequency
of mild winters contributes to the appearance of weak and moderate thermal stimuli, which in the case of the former, is a
negative phenomenon. Weak thermal stimuli are liable to make the human body oversensitive and, thus lose the ability to adapt
if stronger thermal stimuli were to occur. Residents of large urban areas should be prepared for the possibility of dynamic
weather changes and should take thermal variability into consideration with regards to spatial urban planning and socioeconomic
activities. 相似文献
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P. Pankaew O. Aumporn S. Pattarapanitchai M. Sangsan B.K. Bala 《International Journal of Green Energy》2020,17(11):632-643
ABSTRACT Large-scale greenhouse solar dryers have been used for drying various products and this type of dryer is usually equipped with LPG burner as auxiliary heater, which creates more operating cost. To overcome this problem, phase change material (PCM) thermal storage was proposed to substitute for the LPG burner. In this work, the performance of a large-scale greenhouse solar dryer integrated with a PCM as a latent heat storage for drying of chili was investigated. Experimental studies were conducted to compare the performance of this dryer with that of another large-scale greenhouse solar dryer without the PCM thermal storage and open sun drying. Chili with an initial moisture content of 74.7% (w.b.) was dried to a final moisture content of 10.0% (w.b.) in 2.5 days, 3.5 days, and 11 days using the solar dryer integrated with the PCM thermal storage, the solar dryer without the PCM thermal storage and the open sun drying, respectively. The performance of the solar dryer integrated with the PCM thermal storage was also evaluated using exergy analysis. The exergy efficiency of the drying room of the solar dryer integrated with the PCM thermal storage and the solar dryer without the PCM thermal storage for drying of chili was found to be 13.1% and 11.4%, respectively and the thermal storage helps to dry chili during adverse weather conditions. The results of exergy analysis implied that the exergy losses from the dryer with the PCM should be reduced. 相似文献
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建立工况可调屏蔽室:安装恒温恒湿系统,实现温度在(10~35)℃连续可调、测量空间温度场均匀度和最大波动均〈10℃,湿度控制在(30~60)%范围。利用工况可调屏蔽室,研究温湿度对传导骚扰测试结果的影响:选取电动工具、空调(变频、定频)、除湿机等产品,研究不同产品传导骚扰电压与谐波随环境温湿度的变化规律,发现骚扰电压和谐波测量值随环境温度的变化有很大的不同,试验证明这些产品的传导骚扰电压和谐波测量值明显随着环境温度而变化。研究结果对提高,实验室电磁兼容测试水平具有良好的实用价值,对于相关标准的制修订具有参考价值。 相似文献