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研究拟定了九种元素的ICP-AES分析方法.检出限在0.0004μg/ml—0.003μg/ml之间,利用自行研制的热化学反应炉电热蒸发装置,将水样蒸发浓缩,用载体吸附后烘干,再与反应剂混合后送入反应炉内发生定向热化学反应,用载气将分析元素的反应蒸气带入等离子体进行光谱方法分析.对主要的测定参量进得了试验,对基盐影响进行了研究,用拟定的方法对As,Cd,Pb三元素的水标准参考样进行了测定,分析结果与标准值相当一致.对不同含量的标准进行了多次回收测定,取得了比较满意的结果.此方法能满足水中痕量元素分析的需要。 相似文献
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重金属Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr,Cd在水稻植株中的富集和分布 总被引:103,自引:0,他引:103
研究了外源可溶性重金属进入水稻土环境后,在水稻植株中的迁移、在水稻植株不同部位的分布及其分布随时间的变化。在水稻生长季节,重金属在水稻植株中迁移能力的大小依次为:Cd,Cr>Zn,Cu>Pb。重金属在水稻植株不同部位的积累分布是:根部>根基茎>主茎>穗>籽实>叶部。水稻分蘖期重金属在根部、茎干部和叶片的积累量达到最大,随着时间的延长,在根部积累的重金属愈来愈少;在茎干部积累的重金属在拔节期降至最小,随后含量又稍微上升;叶片上的重金属含量在拔节期迅速下降,随后趋于稳定。 相似文献
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Ram B. Jain 《毒物与环境化学》2018,100(1):115-133
Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for children aged 6–11 years for 1999–2014 were used to study time trends and factors affecting the urinary levels of barium, cobalt, cesium, molybdenum, lead, antimony, thallium, and tungsten. Adjusted levels in urine declined every two years by 5.9% for barium, by 1.2% for cesium, by 18.2% for lead, and by 14% for antimony. For every additional smoker smoking inside a home, the levels of barium increased by 10.6% and for lead by 10%, but for tungsten levels decreased by 7.7%. 相似文献
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南黄海沉积物间隙水中重金属(Fe,Mn,Cu,Co,Ni)的地球化学特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文主要研究了南黄海(32°N)沉积物间隙水中的Fe,Mn,Cu,Co,Ni与其硫化物及粘土矿物间的关系,结果表明:间隙水中的Mn~(2+),Cu~(2+)硫化物趋向于沉淀,Co~(2+),Ni~(2+)硫化物趋向于溶解,Fe~(2+)则有其硫化物的溶解-沉淀控制,Mn~(2+),Cu~(2+)还有其他体系和硫化物体系共同控制其浓度,间隙水中的Fe~(2+)可被蒙脱石吸附,Mn~(2+)被绿泥石吸附,Ca~(2+),Ni~(2+)被蒙脱石、绿泥石吸附,Co~(2+)被绿泥石、蒙脱石吸附,Fe~(2+),Mn~(2+)对粘土矿物吸附剂的专属性要求远比Cu~(2+),Co~(2地+),Ni~(2+)高,蒙脱石是南黄海沉积物中最重要的阳离子吸附剂,绿泥石次之。 相似文献
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本文以丰富的实际资料,论证了地下水中Be,Li,Sr,B元素的形成及其分规律。 相似文献
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温度,碳,氮,磷对一株芽孢杆菌生长的影响 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
A
series of orthogonal array tests and single-factor tests were designed to study the growth
of Bacillus sp. H strain isolated from Microcystis aeruginosa in the Taihu Lake. The
results indicated that within the experimental scope the factors affecting the growth of
Bacillus sp. H strain were arranged in the order organic carbon>temprature>phosphate>ammonium. Of
the four factors, organic carbon and temperature most significantly affected the growth of
Bacillus sp. H strain. It was also found that with the raising of temperature,
concentration of organic carbon or the ratio of N/P, the growth of Bacillus sp. H strain
would become better. The optimum conditions for the growth of Bacillus sp. H strain in
this experiment weretemperature
30℃, concentration of
ammonium 0.520 g/L , concentration of peptone 2.0 g/L , phosphate 0.088 g/L , and organic
carbon 2.28 g/L. Fig 4, Tab 2, Ref 5 相似文献
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颜料,油墨废水物化,生化法综合治理技术 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文详细阐述了颜料油墨废水的物化,生化法综合治理技术在其在工程 的实际应用,针对该行业废水的特点,该技术可以有效去除水中的悬浮物,有机物,色度及有毒有害物质使出水达标排放。该工程于1998年正式投产运行,成为国内首例成功运转达标的颜料,油墨废水治理工程。 相似文献
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The white rot fungi are members of Basidiomycota, which can degrade lignin and form white rot. They are high producers of extracellular laccases. In the present study, pure culture strain of high-temperature and high-laccase production types (numbered as BUA-01) was isolated from the fruiting bodies of a white rot fungus collected in the campus of Beijing University of Agriculture. The taxonomic characteristic was determined based on morphological and ITS sequence analysis. Furthermore, the optimal culture conditions for the mycelia were determined, including carbon source, nitrogen source, C/N ratio, growth factors, temperature, and pH. Extracellular laccase production was investigated in liquid fermentation with different concentrations of Cu (CuSO4) as inducer. Decolorizing activity of the fermentation broth was assayed using three azo dyes: Evans blue, methyl orange, and eriochrome black T. The results showed that the strain possessed the highest homology toward Trametes hirsuta, with the homology ratio of 100% and the genetic distance of 0, suggesting that the strain BUA-01 belonged to the genus Trametes. The culture condition investigated revealed that the optimal condition for mycelia growth included the following: carbon source, starch; nitrogen source, soybean powder and yeast extract; C/N ratio, 40/1 and 10/1; temperature, 37 °C; and pH, 6.0-7.0. The assayed growth factors had no significant effect on mycelial growth. It demonstrated high laccase activity in liquid fermentation. The highest extracellular laccase activity of 1 081.33 ± 6.3 U/mL was observed in the broth with a Cu adjunction concentration of 0.25 mmol/L after a 96-h culture period. It was about 26-fold higher than that of the control group. The isolated strain exhibited significant decolorizing activity toward the azo dyes Evans blue, methyl orange, and eriochrome black T, with the decolorization rate at 12 h of 93.31% ± 0.16%, 92.37% ± 0.42%, 79.25% ± 0.64%, respectively. This suggests that the strain possesses potential applications in laccase production and dye degradation. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved. 相似文献
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姬松茸中Cu,Zn,Ag,Cd和Hg累积特性的初步研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
对三种不同产地的姬松茸子实体,经过微波消解后,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP- OES)、原子吸收光谱法(AAS)和原子荧光光谱法(AFS)测定了其中Ag,Al,As,Au,B,Ba,Bi,Ca,Cd,Cr,Co,Cu,Fe,Hg,K,La,Mg,Mn,Mo,Na,M,P,Pb,Rb,S,Sb,Se,Sn,Sr,Ti,V和Zn等32种元素的含量,并用高效液相色谱和电感耦合等离子质谱联用技术(HPLC-ICP-MS)分析了其中Hg元素的形态.另外,还探讨了Cu,Zn,Ag,Cd,Hg及一些相关元素在姬松茸子实体不同部位的分布特征.研究表明:与一些常见种类的大型真菌相比,姬松茸对Cu,Zn,Ag,Cd,Hg具有较强的累积能力,累积的Hg主要以Hg~(2 )形态存在,CH_3Hg~ 占总Hg比例在15%以下.Cu,Zn,Ag,Cd和Hg在姬松茸子实体不同部位的分布特征为:从菌柄下部到上部、从菌盖中心到边缘元素含量逐渐增加;P有助于提高姬松茸对Cu,Zn,Ag,Cd,Hg的累积能力,而Ca似乎起拮抗作用. 相似文献
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In the present study, fruiting bodies of a wild medicinal mushroom, 'Huaier, ' were collected from Populus canadensis in the Beijing Xiangshan Park. The pure culture strain was obtained from fruiting bodies using the tissue isolation method. It was stored and numbered as XS-01. It was systematically classified using morphological and ITS identification. Further studies were focused on mycelia optimum culture conditions and laccase production by liquid fermentation. A 598-bp partial ITS region sequence (GenBank accession number KY93348) was obtained using PCR method. Phylogenetic tree and genetic distance analysis were performed using the MEGA 6.0 software. The present strain possessed the highest homology (100%) with Perenniporia robiniophila, and the genetic distances were 0.000. Based on the ITS sequencing and morphological characteristics of fruiting bodies and mycelia, XS-01 was identified as P. robiniophila. Based on mycelial growth rate and quality, mycelia optimum culture conditions were revealed to be as follows: the optimum carbon sources were starch and maltose, the optimum nitrogen source was yeast extracts, the optimum C/N ratio range was 30/1 - 60/1, the best growth temperature was 32 °C, the optimum pH was 7, and the optimum growth factor was VB1. Further study of Cu2+ on extracellular laccase production revealed that 1.0 mmol/L Cu2+ could significantly enhance the enzyme production, with the highest activity of 417.5 U/mL when cultured for 96 h and an increase ratio of 93.4% to the control. On the other hand, 2.0 mmol/L Cu2+ can markedly decrease the enzyme production laccase activity at 96 h to 79.0 U/mL, which was 36.6% of that of the control. In conclusion, a pure strain of T. robiniophila with high extracellular laccase activity was obtained, suggesting its potential application for artificial cultivation and laccase production. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved. 相似文献