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杨继文 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2012,22(2):12-14,27
以四川藏区矿产资源的开发利用为研究对象,一方面,从环境公害本土化的视角解读四川藏区的资源开发公害问题;另一方面,从法律的价值和应对的视角对资源开发公害问题进行法律规制,以期对四川藏区生态环境的保护有所裨益。 相似文献
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作为欧盟的核心成员国之一,近年来比利时在环境治理方面成效显著。尤其是弗拉芒大区,逐渐形成了以\"土地证书\"为标志的土壤污染治理、\"从摇篮到坟墓\"的废弃物治理和以\"许可证制度\"为核心的空气污染治理等一系列特点鲜明的环境治理措施和方法。本文着重分析弗拉芒大区环境治理的机构设置和目标,以及其土地污染治理中的\"土地证书\"和土地交易管理,空气污治理中的工业污染源和交通污染源治理,废弃物治理中的法律、经济与自愿工具使用三个方面的典型经验。结合比利时弗拉芒大区的典型经验和现阶段我国环境政策体系存在的主要问题,建议我国环境政策体系的改进和完善,应更加注重实现污染外部性的内部化、利用市场手段来实现土壤保护和开发新的环境政策工具。 相似文献
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宋春娟 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2016,(3):36-38,55
省际边界小城镇作为特殊的地理区域,在城镇化进程中发挥着重要的作用,尤其是城镇的环境建设。位于鲁豫边界的范县老城受其行政边界的刚性约束,经济发展缓慢,社会资本薄弱,在环境治理中面临着生产生活污染严重、环保基础设施落后、城镇规划不科学等困境,在小城镇环境治理中可以通过增加政府资金投入,建立区域协调机构,吸纳多元主体积极参与等方式解决这些问题。 相似文献
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省级政府承担着改善地区环境质量,守护一方绿水青山的重任。探究不同制度条件下地方政府环境治理绩效的组态生成机制,对加强生态文明建设,促进人与自然和谐共生的中国式现代化具有重要意义。基于多重制度逻辑理论,本文对30个省级行政区2017—2019年的数据进行了动态的汇总型FSQCA分析。研究发现：单一条件不能构成省级政府环境治理高绩效的必要生成条件;生成省级政府环境治理高绩效的组态机制共有四种,分别为：数据赋能单向机制、市场—法治协同机制、市场—公众协同机制以及政治—数据协同机制。进一步分析表明,在我国不同地区,生成省级政府环境治理高绩效的组态机制具有差异性。 相似文献
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以温室大棚为代表的设施农业,打破传统农业按季节生产惯例,提高了土地的总产出率,是人类以人工措施下预气候、创造非常态下作物生长条件的有益发明。但是,随着大棚使用年限的增加,生产环境劣化问题酲益凸显。土壤盐渍化、酸化,有机质匮乏;病害泛滥,农药残留、地下水污染;从业者频发“大棚病”等,这些问题形成的主要原因在于化肥投施超量、连作生产和封闭的生产环境。治理失灵的根源是农民高产高效的愿望;大市场、大流通与小农经济的矛盾;病菌空气传播的不可控性;农家肥源严重不足,等等。以环境健康理念,因地制宜,改良温室内土壤;改进温室建设工艺;实行清洁生产,是解决设施农业环境问题的根本出路。 相似文献
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区域督查中心是受环保部委托,主要肩负着推进节能减排、加强环境执法两大重要职责。区域督查机制在宏观上具有巨大作用,有力推动了地方环保工作。地方环保局则是地方环保行政执法活动的承担者。由于区域督查建立时间较短,其机构、机制、执法主体还存在不断完善的方面。区域督查中心和地方环保局在环保执法的关系上还不够明晰,导致个别地方环保部门对区域督查产生一些模糊甚至矛盾和错误的认识。 相似文献
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欧美诸国近年来相继推行的“供应链法”是完善跨国公司环境治理机制的新路径,但存在侵犯主权独立等诸多隐忧。本文以加强跨国公司环境治理为出发点,探讨了跨国公司母国“供应链法”域外适用机制的理论依据及实践经验。并从我国立场出发提出,鉴于“环境权”与“其他人权”存在法理差异及避免政治争议考量,我国学者和相关企业应当在国际层面积极呼吁将环境问题与其他人权问题分开处理。同时,我国相关部门应当吸取“供应链法”域外适用机制的有利经验,实现从行业协会引导到政府部门主导,从软法到硬法,逐步建立和完善我国跨国公司治理的国内法域外适用机制。最后,我国主管部门应当尽早颁行《阻断外国法律与措施不当域外适用办法》的配套实施机制,以期将他国法律政治化域外适用对我国主权的不利影响降至最低。 相似文献
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对政府间合作和旅游可持续发展进行概念化,构建了政府间合作与区域旅游可持续发展关系的整合模型。以大别山旅游所在的鄂豫皖3省6市为研究对象,采用结构方程模型方法对整合模型进行实证检验。研究发现,区域依赖、治理、信任和领导是政府间合作概念的四大主要维度;经济、环境、文化和社会是界定区域旅游可持续发展的关键维度;政府间合作对区域旅游可持续发展产生直接和重要影响;政府间合作和区域可持续旅游相互作用,是否存在共变关系需要进一步研究。 相似文献
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《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2012,55(10):1531-1551
This study examines the determinants of Environment Management System (EMS) adoption by public wastewater treatment facilities in the US. Based on the literature, it considers the range of regulatory, market and political influences on EMS adoption. The paper also incorporates prior work on publicness theory to articulate possible sectoral differences related to voluntary policy adoption. Hypotheses are tested using ordered logistic regression on data from a national survey of public wastewater treatment facilities in the US. Findings indicate that public wastewater treatment facilities that perceive stricter environmental regulation and greater attention from environmental groups and the public are more likely to voluntarily adopt an EMS. In addition, facilities reporting a higher degree of publicness are more likely to adopt in response to politician demands and when they apply greater amounts of biosolids to land. The findings carry implications for policy makers who aim to encourage public sector voluntary initiatives. 相似文献
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In this paper we look behind the notion of sustainable transport and highlight the tensions and contradictions between the different ways of achieving this. The paper examines transportation plans for a major UK city and describes how these develop the idea and practice of sustainable transport and demand management along three quite distinct trajectories. By focusing on both the technological and the institutional dimensions of three different routes to sustainable transport, the analysis explicates the different ways in which the urban transport problem is framed, the different socio-technical logics of demand management embodied in the plans and the differing ways in which institutional relationships are (re)constituted. A key finding is that technological and institutional innovations are inversely related so that radical technological innovation often serves to reinforce existing social relations of power and exclusion. The conclusion drawn is that the choice is not just between a sustainable and an unsustainable transport future, but also between different forms of sustainability. 相似文献
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胡力士 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2000,(Z1)
经济体制转型期,地方政府的短期行为为给基层环境管理带来一系列负面影响,这是造成目前地方环境问题的重要因素之一。这个问题的存在,有思想、体制、管理、监督诸方面的原困,必须相应采取措施防止和克服地方政府短期行为对环境管理的制约。 相似文献
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Environmental sustainability goals are increasingly embedded in local planning, but implementation proves difficult. Using a survey of 217 planners working in a random sample of 146 small to mid-sized American cities and counties, we identify the organizational factors that support and hinder the implementation of environmentally sustainable practices. The analysis is based on a conceptual framework that encompasses organizational capacity, culture, structure, participatory decision-making, the framing of sustainability and contextual factors. We find that environmental sustainability implementation is lagging (although cities are generally ahead compared to counties) and that outcome evaluation is rare, precluding adaptive learning. The major barrier to implementation is that sustainability is low on political and managerial agendas. As expected, local public support, innovation-supportive organizational culture and the prioritization and framing of environmental sustainability support implementation. Surprisingly, innovation diffusion does not occur across neighbouring localities, local capacity and public participation are irrelevant for implementation and hierarchical rather than integrated institutional structures support implementation. 相似文献
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《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2012,55(14):2529-2547
The planning and implementation of climate adaptation measures requires the participation of citizens. The design of public participation is often determined by local government. Yet, it remains largely unclear to what extent there is deliberate design of participation efforts and which objectives are served with the designs put into practice. This article reviews three cases of adaptation planning in the Netherlands, using a theory-derived framework that links the design of public participation with nine different objectives that participation could have. These case studies illustrate that participants did not depart from an explicitly formulated and agreed-upon objective, leading to a design of the participatory process that was highly contingent. The findings suggest that a more systematic and deliberate approach, in which both the objectives and the design of public participation are communicated explicitly, and are discussed by participants, increases the chance that the objectives are met. 相似文献
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S.J. Birchall 《Local Environment》2017,22(9):1061-1079
In 2004 New Zealand's (NZ) Labour-led government launched the Communities for Climate Protection – NZ (CCP-NZ) programme. Following a shift in Government leadership in 2008, from Clark's Labour-led to Key's National-led government, the CCP-NZ programme was discontinued. Through the narratives of managers charged with the implementation and delivery of the CCP-NZ programme, this paper explores the structural challenges that contributed to the initiative's decline in NZ local government. This research contributes to the academic literature by shedding light on the outworking of a local government carbon management strategy. Additionally, this study provides policy makers and managers seeking to embark on organisational carbon mitigation the opportunity to glean insight from the experience of public sector managers responsible for the CCP-NZ programme. 相似文献
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《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2012,55(5):733-750
Government is the primary financer of conservation services, but conservation financing in government is rarely studied. This study makes two contributions to understanding conservation financing in government. First, it develops a framework to classify and analyse conservation funding. Applying this framework to the data from Florida county governments, this study finds that conservation funding has become more stable and secure. More resources are used for large and long-term capital projects that benefit not only the current generation but also future generations, which reflects the ultimate goal of conservation. Second, this research offers an explanation about why some governments spend more on conservation than others. The results suggest that conservation funding in government is the result of combined forces in environmental pressure of economic activities and budgetary politics. The paper concludes that government should develop a structured conservation funding strategy that includes close monitoring of environmental pressure and proper political and institutional responses to the pressure. 相似文献
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Edward J. Kaiser Raymond J. Burby 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1987,23(3):443-453
ABSTRACT: The technology of urban stormwater management has far outpaced its actual application in new urban development. This article documents that implementation gap, but shows that state and local governmental measures, particularly storm drainage regulations, can lead to improved performance in the private sector. Although state stormwater management programs are in their infancy, they are already having a measurable effect in stimulating the adoption of local governmental programs to manage urban storm water. Pioneering state programs in Maryland, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, described in this article, provide models for states contemplating the formulation of stormwater management programs. 相似文献
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王亚杰 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2015,(3):18-21
盲目建设、过度开发以及人口的急速增长,致使我国水资源短缺和水质恶化问题日益凸现。针对这一情况,浙江省提出了\"五水共治\"的战略目标,治污水是其中的一个重要方面。但由于我国水污染防治立法的不完善,立法中出现了忽视政府作用、农村水污染问题未引起重视、部门规章与地方立法相互冲突、水环境公益诉讼制度不足等问题。为完善我国水污染防治立法,需在立法理念与立法制度上不断完善,以期改善我国的水污染状况。 相似文献
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刘芳 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2012,(5):11-13,45
通过分析美、日两国环境保护的发展历程与环境保护在完善法律、加强环境教育、积极的政府引导与专门的政府投入等方面的特点,并结合我国实际,指出我国环境保护应在科学立法、完善环境教育体系、加强国际间合作与交流等方面作出努力,以实现经济与环境和谐发展。 相似文献