加强危险场所电气安全检测,提高化工企业本质安全水平

针对近年来化工企业电气安全、防静电等事故多发的现状,本文通过对化工企业电气安全、防静电等安全设施存在的问题进行分析,阐述了化工企业电气安全、防静电设施存在的主要缺陷,强调了利用技术支撑手段对在用安全设施进行检测检验对提高企业本质安全水平的重要性,并对如何做好电气安全、防静电等安全设施的检测工作提出了建议。     

企业重大事故引发环境事件现状分析和应急工作建议

随着经济的稳定和飞速发展，我国的生产类型和能源模式没有根本改变，环境污染问题越发严重，突发环境事件的数量急剧增长，影响范围和危害程度都在加大，如何保障环境安全已经成为全社会的一个重要问题。本文从我国突发环境事件发生规律及特点入手，分析了我国在环境事件应急和环境安全管理现状和存在问题，提出了突发环境事件应急工作的要点和工作建议。     

我国汽车行驶记录仪应用现状及对策建议

笔者通过国内外充分调研，总结了我国汽车行驶记录仪的应用现状，对我国汽车行驶记录仪目前试用及推广中存在的主要问题予以阐述和分析，并结合欧盟汽车行驶记录仪应用的实际情况和经验，对当前我国汽车行驶记录仪的推广应用提出了一些对策建议。     

浅谈如何提高海外突发事件应急能力

本文根据近期国际安全局势变化,海外工程项目社会安全风险不断加大,结合公司应急处置经验,从提高海外突发事件应急能力入手,从五个方面进行了分析:一是提高应急预案针对性、操作性和实用性;二是加强出国人员安全培训;三是加强中国"走出去"企业间交流合作;四是加强同驻外领事馆联系;五是加强同当地政府、部落、居民的联系取得多方帮助。     

强化外委工程安全管理

武钢第二炼钢厂强化外委工程的安全管理,收到良好效果。     

A learning-by-doing strategy to improve top management involvement in safety

The growth of legal regulations in occupational safety during the 70's alienated to some extent top management from health and safety issues; safety was regarded as an activity of safety professionals and labour inspection. This lack of commitment to safety management led to reduced activity and awareness. However, both research and practice indicate that the role of top management is of crucial importance for achieving results in safety.Having realized the problem and the lack of appropriate training to meet the demands of top management, a program called “One hour for safety management” has been developed. The training is arranged in an “action” setting, during the formal meeting of the executive board of the company. The program consists of four main parts: (1) Principles of modern safety management, (2) The company's accident insurance system, the interdependency between compensation costs and premiums, (3) The safety situation of the company; accidents, premiums and losses, hazards, safety program, and (4) Setting the safety targets and action plans required. More recently, a short audit process has been developed to reveal the important sources of loss and the state of affairs in the company's loss control systems. A special software package includes essential handouts of the safety management meetings complemented by self-auditing tools.The approach initiated or revived top management interest in and awareness of safety in several companies. The success of the meeting seems to depend on several factors, e.g. consultation skills, safety expertise, style of presentation, corporate culture and co-operation in the preparation of the session. The factors that contribute to an effective training for top management should further be analyzed, and the impact of the management training on accident rates is a task for evaluation studies in future.     

Using ergonomics in engineering design to improve health and safety

This paper outlines the importance of ergonomics in engineering design. It describes some of the cost benefits and principles underlying the application of ergonomics. The practical impact of the latter has become increasingly important in the light of European directives which are likely to have a substantial impact on the way engineers design. Three ergonomics case studies are described, the first two illustrate ways of identifying costs of poor ergonomics and the cost benefits of redesign using ergonomics principles. The third illustrates work which led to engineers redesigning assembly line workstations and ergonomics becoming an important part of manufacturing design. The background to this was concern about an increase in cases of Upper Limb Disorders (ULDs) and recognition that ergonomic advice was needed to find the source of problems and help in finding design options. Ergonomists were brought in and helped in identifying problems with workstations and tools. Final designs were developed by the company's own engineers based on the ergonomic study and reduced incidence of ULDs has been reported. Photographs showing examples before and after redesign can be found in the Health and Safety Executive's notes of guidance published in 1990, and some issues surrounding the nature of the detailed design solutions are discussed here. The impact of the ergonomics contribution resulted in engineers being trained in ergonomics so that it could be implemented on a routine basis throughout the site.     

连云港环境问题及管理建议分析

利用生态红线解决环境问题是落实空间管控要求、实现精细化环境管理的有效手段。本文详细阐述了连云港市生态红线管理工作开展情况,并对生态红线信息化管理成效进行了分析,对其他地区实施生态红线管控有一定的参考意义。     

企业收并购中的HSE管理

中国海洋石油总公司（以下简称“中国海油”）自1982年成立以来,一直保持着良好的发展态势,从一家单纯从事海上油气开采的上游公司,发展成为主业突出、产业链完整的综合型能源集团,形成了上游、中下游、专业技术服务、金融服务以及新能源等产业板块。近年来,中国海油通过改革重组、资本运营、收并购、上下游一体化等重大举措的成功实施,实现了跨越式发展,综合竞争实力不断增强。     

Three accidents in European dynamite production plants: An attempt to improve the external lessons learning

Three serious accidents occurred in three dynamite manufacturing plants within three European countries during a relatively short time period triggering the question of effective external learning. The article discusses the lessons for the prevention of accidents learned from retrospective comparative analysis. It advocates for a better process for learning lessons. It attempts to show how a two level approach to accident analysis may help to reveal a common deeper learning hidden under diverse routine lessons.     

当爱心汇聚成河——安防企业积极援建四川灾民过渡安置点安防设施

5.12汶川8.0级特大地震震惊全球,其造成的损失难以数计.但令人倍感振奋的是,国人在灾难面前所爆发出的爱心和力量同样震撼人心,全社会都给予了灾区人民无私的支持与关爱.     

环境监测中如何提高水污染环境监测质量的分析

随着经济的不断发展,人类对于资源的消耗速度越来越快,使得环境正在逐渐的恶化。针对这种情况,保护环境成为了当前社会发展的重要手段。环境监测就是定期对环境中所含有的污染物进行分析,通过不断收集数据,来分析环境污染的变化,进而找出影响环境的原因。环境监测的内容包括空气、土壤等多个方面,水体监测是其中重要的工作内容,直接影响到对环境的正确评价。鉴于此,本文首先分析了水污染监测工作的重要性,然后提出了提高水污染监测质量的方法,希望能够为相关工作提供借鉴。     

The INDICATE safety program: evaluation of a method to proactively improve airline safety performance

A number of recent and highly publicised fatal aircraft accidents, within the Australian regional airline industry, has highlighted the need for operators of regular public transport aircraft to be more proactive in identifying and addressing aviation safety hazards. Despite this need, there are currently few proactive safety management programs that are practical, simple, cost effective and which reliably demonstrate improvements in airline safety performance. This paper outlines a new proactive airline safety program called INDICATE (Identifying Needed Defences In the Civil Aviation Transport Environment) that has been applied within the Australian regional airline industry. To evaluate the INDICATE program, a major Australian regional airline agreed to implement the program in one of its operational bases while another base was used as a control group. Five evaluation criteria were applied to determine whether the program would have a positive influence on the airline's safety performance. These criteria included airline safety culture, staff risk perception of aviation safety hazards, willingness of staff to report safety hazards, action taken on identified safety hazards and staff comments about safety management within the airline. Results from the trial suggest that the program can have a positive influence on airline safety performance, specifically: improving staff confidence in how safety is managed, increasing staff willingness to report safety hazards and incidents, improving organisational safety culture and reducing staff perceptions of the severity and likelihood of safety hazards occurring within the airline. The success of the trial has resulted in a number of Australian and International airlines adopting the program.     

Organizational practices and workplace health and safety: A cross-sectional study in manufacturing companies

We report the results of a mail questionnaire for 312 manufacturing firms in the province of Ontario (Canada). We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of workplace level health and safety policies, practices and attitudes. Analyses were conducted across firm categories based upon lost-time frequency rate (LTFR) data. Lower LTFRs were associated with paternalistic initiatives, recording of occupational health and safety (OHS) measures, greater involvement of workers in decision-making, and better managerial attitudes concerning the importance of OHS. The composition of the Joint Health and Safety Committee (JHSC), a committee mandated in all workplaces we sampled, differed according to injury rate: the mean number of worker (vs. management) members on the JHSC was higher for lower injury sites, and the mean number of worker members attending JHSC meetings was also higher for lower injury worksites. In addition, workplaces with lower LTFR benefitted by having JHSCs with more executive functions and greater worker involvement. In conclusion, managerial and worker participation in OHS initiatives characterizes safer workplaces. Also, general concern of management towards OHS—illustrated by both attitudes and concrete actions—is also associated with lower injury rates.     

海外石油项目建立HSE管理体系的探索与实践

健康、安全与环境(HSE)管理体系是从行为学和危害管理入手,把“以人为本、线性管理、风险控制、持续发展”的理念融入到企业的管理运行之中,形成一套科学、完整、规范的管理体系。本文从建立HSE管理体系的必要性、体系的建立、体系的实施等方面,详细介绍了中国石油天然气勘探开发公司(CNODC)建立海外项目HSE管理体系采用的初始风险评估、体系框架确立、技术程序编制等方法与步骤,以及体系有效运行的保障措施等内容。     

From hanger-on to trendsetter: Decision making on a major safety initiative in a steel company maintenance department

This paper describes a case study of decision making in a steelworks maintenance department, which led to the introduction of a major initiative to improve safety performance. The origin of the decision process lay, however, not with safety, but with an earlier decision to consider outsourcing the maintenance department. When it was decided that this was not feasible a new General Manager was appointed to turn around the performance of the now demoralised department. In his search for solutions and the external developments taking place in parallel he found an initiative which seemed to link his main concerns with a parallel concern for safety improvement. The philosophy behind it and the vision and strategy which was developed to carry it led to a much more participative approach, driven by clearly defined key performance indicators. Safety was chosen as the lead objective. This paper describes the development of the decision process and briefly explains its results.     

The use of supervisory practices as leverage to improve safety behavior: a cross-level intervention model

Introduction: The paper presents three intervention studies designed to modify supervisory monitoring and rewarding of subordinates' safety performance. Method: Line supervisors received weekly feedback concerning the frequency of their safety-oriented interactions with subordinates, and used this to self-monitor progress toward designated improvement goals. Managers higher up in the organizational hierarchy received the same information, coupled with synchronous data concerning the frequency of workers' safety behaviors, and highlighting co-variation of supervisory action and workers' behavior. Results: In all the companies involved, supervisory safety-oriented interaction increased significantly, resulting in significant changes in workers' safety behavior and safety climate scores. Continued improvement during the post-intervention period suggests the inclusion of workers' safety behavior as in-role supervisory responsibility. Applied and theoretical implications are discussed.     

上海市输入型农产品安全监管对策与建议

农产品安全问题直接关系到消费者的健康和生命.上海市作为一个开放型的国际化大都市,借鉴国内外经验,结合上海经济发展的实际情况,建设一个与国际接轨的输入型农产品安全监管体系已成为当务之急.本文通过分析上海市输入型农产品安全监管的现状、特点及存在的问题,明确了构建上海市输入型农产品安全监管体系的指导思想和建设目标,提出了当前上海市输入型农产品安全监管的对策与建议.     

Evaluation of a safety training program in three food service companies

Problem: Outcome measures for safety training effectiveness research often do not include measures such as occupational injury experience. Effectiveness mediators also receive sparse attention. Method: A new safety training curriculum was delivered to workers in a stratified random sample of food service facilities across three companies. A similar group of facilities received usual training. We collected post-test measures of demographic variables, safety knowledge, perceptions of transfer of training climate, and workers' compensation claim data for one year after the initial training activities. Results: Knowledge test scores were apparently higher in the new-training units than in the usual-training units. Some demographic variables were inconsistently associated with these differences. Evidence for reduction of the injury rate associated with the new training was observed from two companies but only approached significance for one company. A second company revealed a similar but non-significant trend. Knowledge scores were not significantly associated with lower injury rates. Discussion: We found evidence that safety training increases knowledge and reduces injuries. We found almost no evidence of effects of training effectiveness mediators, including no relationship between safety knowledge and injury experience. Methodological issues related to conducting a large study may have influenced these results. Impact on Industry: Although safety training leads to greater knowledge and, in some cases, reduced occupational injuries, the influence of mediating variables remains to be fully explained.