我国游客满意度研究述评

通过对国内关于游客满意度文献的分析,回顾了国内游客满意度的研究进程,得出国内游客满意度的研究内容主要集中在游客满意度测评体系及模型研究、旅游地游客满意度实证研究两大方面,并对游客满意度实证研究文献的研究方法和理论依据进行了总结,最后分析了国内游客满意度研究存在的不足和今后的发展趋势。     

国内旅游房地产研究述评

近几年,旅游房地产在我国得到了快速发展,对其研究也日益引起了国内学者的关注.根据对中国知识资源总库--CNKI系列数据库进行跨库检索,对1994年以来的旅游房地产研究文献进行了概括和分析,归纳了我国旅游房地产研究内容的进展,总结了研究文献的特点,指出了今后研究有待深入之处.     

基于国产自主新能源汽车电驱动系统量产关键技术研究

新能源汽车电驱动系统实现了量产,进行了产品深度集成技术研究、物料技术研究、总成验证技术研究、产品量产阶段的质量控制研究以及电装工艺评价技术研究等并实现了低成本与高可靠的总体要求,用户反馈良好。     

国内外旅游国际化研究综述

在经济全球化的大背景下,旅游业也在加速走向国际化,旅游国际化也成为了学术界研究的一个热点。对国内外旅游国际化的研究现状进行了回顾,着重评述了当前研究的几大方面:现状与对策、影响因素、国际化与本土化关系、对目的地的影响,在此基础上总结了现阶段国内研究的薄弱环节,并对今后的研究发展方向提出了建议。     

多氯联苯处理处置方法国内外研究进展

本文介绍了国内外多氯联苯的处理、处置方法研究进展,并对其研究热点、研究区域以及处理、处置方法的优缺点进行了分析,指出了今后的研究重点。     

乡村人居环境:人居环境科学研究的新领域

乡村人居环境是人居环境科学的重要构成部分,随着城市化的快速推进,乡村人居环境日益恶化.人居环境科学研究存在明显缺陷,即人居环境研究的"城市主义"倾向明显,忽视了乡村人居环境研究.分析了开展乡村人居环境研究的重要性和紧迫性,评述了国内外的相关研究成果,提出了乡村人居环境研究的多维视角,即基于农户空间行为的乡村人居环境研究、乡村人居环境的地域文化与发展模式研究、乡村人居环境与空间规划研究、基于"3S"技术的乡村人居环境研究、乡村人居环境的系统理论与发展战略研究.     

盐城海滨湿地景观过程研究现状与发展趋势

盐城海滨景观过程研究已成为学术界研究的热点内容.从海滨湿地景观格局演变研究、生态过程研究,包括水文地貌过程、生物地球化学过程、植被演替过程等方面论述了海滨湿地景观过程研究现状.从加强景观演变驱动力研究、景观过程综合关系研究,重视侵蚀海岸的景观过程研究、景观过程研究方法的创新与应用等方面阐述了海滨湿地景观过程未来的研究重点.     

旅游政策：文献综述与研究展望

政策是国家意志的集中体现,反映了国家需求和导向,也渗透特定的时代价值,而旅游业高质量的发展离不开相关政策的保障和支撑。本研究对国内外旅游政策相关文献进行了梳理,归纳了专项旅游政策、旅游政策制定、旅游政策变迁、旅游政策执行、旅游政策评估、旅游政策话语等主要研究议题,证实了旅游政策是一个富有潜力且亟待构建理论框架的研究领域,丰富了旅游政策研究的知识图谱。旅游政策研究日益受到学者的关注,取得了丰硕的研究成果,研究视野更加开阔,研究方法趋向于多样,交叉学科开始起步。但是,尚未形成统一的理论框架体系,旅游政策的研究方法和理论不够丰富,旅游政策变迁规律和形成机制尚不清晰,文旅融合政策研究成果较为匮乏,缺乏中国情境下旅游政策研究。从强化旅游政策情境化、拓展旅游政策过程执行、关注旅游政策评估体系、完善旅游政策创新发展、推进旅游政策交叉学科研究等方面提出未来研究框架。     

旅游循环经济的国内研究述评

对1999年以来我国有关旅游循环经济的研究进行述评.通过文献分析发现,当前国内对旅游循环经济的研究主要集中在旅游循环经济与可持续发展研究、区域旅游循环经济研究、旅游循环经济模式研究以及旅游循环经济支撑体系和指标体系的研究等方面.探讨了当前研究存在的不足,指出了今后我国旅游循环经济研究的发展方向.     

高句丽世界文化遗产旅游研究进展综述

高句丽世界文化遗产是我国东北地区重要的文物古迹,近年来依托旅游业的迅速发展,相关研究文献也越来越多。从整体上分析了高句丽遗产旅游研究文献的计量学特征,从旅游资源评价、旅游开发利用、旅游资源保护与可持续发展、其他旅游研究四个方面对集安高句丽遗产旅游的研究文献进行了回顾。在此基础上,总结了高句丽遗产旅游研究的特点和存在的不足,并对未来研究进行展望。     

中国海滨旅游研究进展

在阅读大量相关文献资料的基础上,试图从海滨旅游兴起的原因、海滨旅游主体、海滨旅游客体及海滨旅游主客体间关系4个方面对近年来国内有关海滨旅游的研究作一系统综述.在此基础上,对中国海滨旅游以后的研究进行了展望.     

Landscape ecological assessment: a tool for integrating biodiversity issues in strategic environmental assessment and planning

To achieve a sustainable development, impacts on biodiversity of urbanisation, new infrastructure projects and other land use changes must be considered on landscape and regional scales. This requires that important decisions are made after a systematic evaluation of environmental impacts. Landscape ecology can provide a conceptual framework for the assessment of consequences of long-term development processes like urbanisation on biodiversity components, and for evaluating and visualising the impacts of alternative planning scenarios. The aim of this paper was to develop methods for integrating biodiversity issues in planning and strategic environmental assessment in an urbanising environment, on landscape and regional levels. In order to test developed methods, a case study was conducted in the region of Stockholm, the capital of Sweden, and the study area embraced the city centre, suburbs and peri-urban areas. Focal species were tested as indicators of habitat quality, quantity and connectivity in the landscape. Predictive modelling of habitat distribution in geographic information systems involved the modelling of focal species occurrences based on empirical data, incorporated in a landscape ecological decision support system. When habitat models were retrieved, they were applied on future planning scenarios in order to predict and assess the impacts on focal species. The scenario involving a diffuse exploitation pattern had the greatest negative impacts on the habitat networks of focal species. The scenarios with concentrated exploitation also had negative impacts, although they were possible to mitigate quite easily. The predictions of the impacts on habitats networks of focal species made it possible to quantify, integrate and visualise the effects of urbanisation scenarios on aspects of biodiversity on a landscape level.     

Impacts of Camping on Vegetation: Response and Recovery Following Acute and Chronic Disturbance

Experiments with controlled levels of recreational camping were conducted on previously undisturbed sites in two different plant communities in the subalpine zone of the Wind River Mountains, Wyoming, USA. The plant communities were coniferous forest with understory dominated by the low shrub Vaccinium scoparium and a riparian meadow of intermixed grasses and forbs, of which Deschampsia cespitosa was most abundant. Sites were camped on at intensities of either one or four nights per year, for either one (acute disturbance) or three consecutive years (chronic disturbance). Recovery was followed for three years on sites camped on for one year and for one year on sites camped on for three years. Reductions in vegetation cover and vegetation height were much more pronounced on sites in the forest than on sites in the meadow. In both plant communities, increases in vegetation impact were not proportional to increases in either years of camping or nights per year of camping. Close to the center of campsites, near-maximum levels of impact occurred after the first year of camping on forested sites and after the second year on meadow sites. Meadow sites recovered completely within a year, at the camping intensities employed in the experiments. Forest sites, even those camped on for just one night, did not recover completely within three years. Differences between acute and chronic disturbance were not pronounced.     

The effectiveness of state of the environment reporting (SoER) at the local government sphere – a developing country's experience

State of the environment reporting (SoER) is a well-established and widely applied environmental management tool in the South African context. Despite a wealth of knowledge about conducting and preparing SoERs, there is a paucity of research on the effect SoER has had on decision-making at the local government sphere. This study investigated the effect of SoER on decision-making for a sample of municipalities in the Gauteng Province of South Africa. The methodology relied on interviews with key role players, which include the ‘‘environmental function’' as well as ‘‘other functions’' responsible for infrastructure development and planning within the municipalities. The results show that notwithstanding the extensive time and resources spent on SoER, it appears to have had a limited effect on decision-making, especially beyond the environmental function. Recommendations to improve the influence of SoER on decision-making in developing countries include improved clarity on the purpose and home of SoER within municipalities, adequate budget and capacity, and effective cooperative governance both within the municipalities, and with other spheres of government.     

EFFECTS OF BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON FOREST STREAMWATER QUALITY IN EASTERN KENTUCKY1

ABSTRACT: Forest land managers are concerned about the effects of logging on soil erosion, streamflow, and water quality and are promoting the use of Best Management Practices (BMPs) to control impacts. To compare the effects of BMP implementation on streamwater quality, two of three small watersheds in Kentucky were harvested in 1983 and 1984, one with BMPs, the other without BMPs. There was no effect of clearcutting on stream temperatures. Streamflow increased by 17.8 cm (123 percent) on the BMP watershed during the first 17 months after cutting and by 20.6 cm (138 percent) on the Non-BMP watershed. Water yields remained significantly elevated compared to the uncut watershed 8 years after harvesting. Suspended sediment flux was 14 and 30 times higher on the BMP and Non-BMP Watersheds, respectively, than on the uncut watershed during treatment, and 4 and 6.5 times higher in the 17 months after treatment was complete. Clearcutting resulted in increased concentrations of nitrate, and other nutrients compared to the uncut watershed, and concentrations were highest on the non-BMP watershed. Recovery of biotic control over nutrient losses occurred within three years of clearcutting. The streamside buffer strip was effective in reducing the impact of clearcutting on water yield and sediment flux.     

氮沉降对草原凋落物分解的影响

大气氮沉降增加是全球变化的重要现象之一,草原生态系统对氮沉降增加的响应成为草地生态学的研究热点之一。凋落物分解是草原生态系统养分循环和能量流动的主要途径,氮沉降增加引起草原植物群落结构变化,导致凋落物质量、土壤肥力、土壤微生物和土壤动物的变化,最终影响凋落物的分解。本文综述了氮沉降对草原凋落物结构、化学组成和分解环境的影响等方面的国内外最新研究进展,讨论了需进一步加强研究的内容,以期为进一步拓展该领域研究的广度和深度、为全面分析和评估全球变化对草原生态系统的影响提供参考。     

数字经济发展与区域环境质量改善——来自省级面板数据的证据

本文基于2011—2019年我国31个省级行政区的面板数据,探究了数字经济发展对区域环境质量的影响。研究发现,总体来说,数字经济对环境质量具有显著的改善作用;数字经济对环境质量的改善作用在2014—2019年显著,在中部和西部省份显著,在环境污染程度较高的省份显著。传导机制检验表明,经济规模扩张、产业结构优化及绿色技术创新在数字经济对环境质量的作用机制中发挥中介作用。进一步分析表明,政府竞争在数字经济对环境质量的改善作用中起着负向调节作用,制度环境在数字经济对环境质量的作用机制中发挥正向调节作用。因此,应高质量地推动数字经济发展、充分发挥数字经济的环境质量改善作用、匡正地方政府的竞争行为及努力营造良好的制度环境,以改善环境质量。     

Investor demand and spot commodity prices

The on-going debate over the influence of investor demand on spot commodity prices largely attempts to assess this influence by measuring the growth in investor demand in recent years. Given the serious data problems that plague such analyses, this article pursues another approach in the hope of providing useful insights into the impact of investor demand on spot commodity prices. It focuses on the mechanisms by which investor demand affects spot prices, and in particular on two questions. First, how does an increase in investor demand on the futures markets affect the spot market and spot price? Second, when investor demand is increasing and pushing a commodity's price up, do physical stocks of the commodity also have to be rising, as economists and others widely assume?On the first question, the article concludes that a surge in investor demand raising prices on the futures markets will have a direct and comparable effect on the spot market prices when these markets are in strong contango. However, when markets are in weak contango or backwardation, price movements in the futures markets have a much looser effect on spot prices. As a result, changes in investor demand on the futures markets may have little or no influence on spot prices in the absence of a strong contango. Instead, changes in fundamentals (that is, producer supply and consumer demand) and possibly changes in investor demand taking place directly on the spot market largely determine the spot price at such times.On the second question, the article shows that investor demand can be pushing up a commodity's price even when investor stocks are falling, despite the widespread presumption to the contrary.     

基于林农参与式森林经营培训的影响评价——以福建山连村为例

森林参与式经营在林农林业生产中起着重要的作用。针对当前公众参与政策制定不足的现状,通过对案例点开展参与式森林经营管理培训实践的分析,认识到森林参与式培训对林农经营森林资源的意义和作用,了解并发现林农对现行森林资源管理政策的需求以及当前政策中存在的问题。研究表明,森林参与式培训效果作用明显,资源管理政策缺乏有效的公众参与,导致政策设定有失合理。提出对策建议,以期对参与式森林经营管理培训的推广提供一定的实践意义。     

Constraints to implementation of sustainability indicator systems in five Asian cities

Contemporary studies on sustainability indicator systems (SISs) typically focus on the technical advancement of indicator construction, on qualitative impacts of indicator programmes and on impacts on governance, decision-making and sustainability as a social construct. Yet, their implementation so far has rarely been addressed, even though monitoring and the use of indicator results fall far behind the number of SISs developed. This study aims at the identification of requirements for the development of and constraints to the implementation of SISs in five Asian cities of developing countries. Interviews with local key actors are held, and a qualitative content analysis is carried out. Findings include evidence on the degree of indicator implementation in the case study cities, a hexagonal model for the classification of requirements and constraints, as well as general conclusions for barriers to the use of SISs.