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1.
    
There are several motives for the adoption of ‘green’ or sustainable materials for car interiors, for example, the shortage of fossil resources and the resulting oil-price increase, new legal requirements (regulations and laws) which penalise environmental pollution and the changing behaviour patterns of consumers. The latter was the subject of an empirical study involving 106 potential car buyers, who were asked about their attitude to sustainable materials in a car interior. Furthermore, consumers' willingness to pay a premium price for a vehicle interior made of renewable resources was also analysed. The main conclusion is that more than 66% of the respondents would accept green car components for a moderate price increase. The relevance and pressure to substitute fossil materials with renewable ones can be expected to increase. This increase will not only be due to the potential decline of resources, but more notably as a result of consumer demand.  相似文献   

2.
    
In Sweden there is a strong tradition of using nature areas for outdoor recreation. This paper reports on a study which explored preferences and willingness to pay for outdoor recreation close to home (≤100 km away from home and ≤24 hours stay at a recreation site) using the contingent valuation method. The data originated from a mail survey that involved Swedish residents who were randomly selected from a national register. An ordinary least squares regression model was used to account for factors influencing willingness to pay. The results showed that approximately 50% of the respondents used nature areas close to their home for recreation and their average frequency of visits to these areas was 74 times annually. Areas dominated by forests were the most preferred, followed by water. The respondents were willing to pay approximately 7200 SEK (US$1080) annually. Their willingness to pay was influenced by factors such as type of nature area, distance to and time spent at the recreation site and income. The results provide one input to the land use planning process by considering the demand for nature-based outdoor recreation close to home.  相似文献   

3.
采用条件价值评估法(CVM)对山东省17地市居民降低雾霾健康风险的支付意愿进行调查,运用Logistic回归模型分析支付意愿影响因素,得出以下结论:(1)居民支付意愿以城市为单位可划分为三个等级,支付金额主要集中在20~30元/月和30~40元/月两个等级;(2)支付意愿表现出较为显著的空间距离衰减性,大致呈现以济南为中心,向外逐渐递减的趋势;(3)居民的社会经济、风险认知、居住位置、人口结构、教育职业、健康自评等因素对支付意愿有显著影响。  相似文献   

4.
    
Obtaining the support of affected stakeholders is a crucial first step to successful implementation of any public policy, including flood mitigation policies. Public support for flood mitigation policies is largely influenced by flood risk perceptions and flood risk perceptions are, in turn, shaped by a multitude of factors. This paper explores the impact of the determinants of risk perception on willingness to pay for flood risk prevention in Dunkerque (France) using a contingent valuation survey. We find that whether or not respondents include their home within their perceived flood risk areas, trust in flood mitigation measures, environmental beliefs and socio-economic factors are strong predictors of public support for flood risk prevention, whereas actual distance of a respondent’s home to the flood source, knowledge of flood risk, prior experience and trust in local authorities have a limited influence. Policy implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.  相似文献   

5.
An experimental survey was undertakento explore the links between thecharacteristics of a moral issue, the degree ofmoral intensity/moral imperative associatedwith the issue (Jones, 1991), and people'sstated willingness to pay (wtp) for policy toaddress the issue. Two farm animal welfareissues were chosen for comparison and thecontingent valuation method was used to elicitpeople's wtp. The findings of the surveysuggest that increases in moral characteristicsdo appear to result in an increase in moralintensity and the degree of moral imperativeassociated with an issue. Moreover, there was apositive link between moral intensity/moralimperative associated with an issue andpeople's stated wtp for policy to address theissue. The paper discusses the relevance of thefindings of the survey in the context of thedebate concerning the relationship betweenmoral and economic values and the use of thecontingent valuation method to estimatepeople's wtp of policy options with moraldimensions.  相似文献   

6.
    
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) and circular economy (CE) have assumed considerable importance in the efforts for sustainable development. However, some consumers do not positively respond to CSR and CE activities, and few studies have analyzed the consumers' perspective about the topics. This study investigates consumer knowledge and perception about CSR and CE and their willingness to pay (WTP) for products from companies that follow these concepts, examining differences according to demographic characteristics. We carried out a survey with 302 Brazilian and Italian consumers of cosmetic products. Our results show that most consumers have a low understanding of CSR and CE and a low perception of the socio-environmental initiatives of companies that follow CSR and CE concepts. Nevertheless, most consumers show WTP for products from companies that follow these concepts. We identified demographic variables that allowed us to relate the profile of consumers with their knowledge about CSR and CE and their WTP. We provide insights for companies and policymakers in advancing toward CSR and CE.  相似文献   

7.
This paper applies an attribute-based stated choice experiment approach to estimate the value that society places on changes to the size of the badger population in England and Wales. The study was undertaken in the context of a rising incidence of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in cattle and the government's review of current bTB control policy. This review includes consideration of culling badgers to reduce bTB in cattle, since badgers are thought to be an important wildlife reservoir for the disease. The design of the CE involved four attributes (size of badger population, cattle slaughtered due to bTB, badger management strategy and household tax) at four levels with eight choice sets of two alternatives presented to respondents. Telephone interviews were undertaken with over 400 respondents, which elicited their attitudes and preferences concerning badgers, bTB in cattle and badger management strategies. The study estimated a willingness to pay of £0.10 per household per year per 100,000 badgers and £1.52 per household per year per 10,000 cattle slaughtered due to bTB which aggregated to £22 per badger and £3298 per bTB slaughtered animal for all households in England and Wales. Management strategy toward badgers had a very high valuation, highlighting the emotive issue of badger culling for respondents and the importance of government policy towards badgers.  相似文献   

8.
    
Because of increasing customer awareness and government regulations, apparel organisations are inclined to adopt social sustainability practices (SSPs) into their working environment. There is a lack of scientific literature examining the interaction between social and economic sustainability within the apparel industry from the employee perspective. This study aims to assess the preferences of blue and white-collar employees in the apparel supply chain to implement SSPs. The SSPs were identified through a literature study and a deductive approach was taken to conduct a discrete choice experiment. The experiment revealed that blue-collar employees prioritised maternity leaves and proper sanitary facilities, whereas white-collar employees preferred corporate social responsibility initiatives and providing proper sanitary facilities when designing the jobs for blue-collar employees. The study also identified willingness to pay for the identified practices highlighting the importance of providing maternity leaves and proper sanitary facilities to enhance economic and social sustainability. This research contributes to bridging the gap between the expectations of blue-collar and white-collar employees towards SSPs and provide an understanding of the interaction between the social and economic pillars of sustainability in the global apparel supply chain.  相似文献   

9.
    
This article estimates the impact of residential risk perception on the willingness to pay (WTP) to avoid having waste-to-energy (WTE) power plants in the neighborhood. The filed survey shows that 63.4% of the respondents protested for various reasons. It is noteworthy that house owners indicate a greater willingness for resettlement than house renters. However, residents who take WTE incineration facilities into consideration before settlement are more inclined to oppose the payment for facility relocation. Determinants of protest and supportive responses are evaluated by the sample selection method (SSM). Empirical results show that the average WTP for avoiding WTE facilities being sited in the neighborhood is 2,160 CNY, which is reliable because we include protest responses in the estimation process. Housing price, gender, and living area are decisive factors for the WTP value; in particular, the marginal effect of exaggerated risk perception on WTP amounts to 1,074 CNY.  相似文献   

10.
    
In recent years valuations of cultural goods and services have been undertaken using the contingent valuation method, because of its flexibility and the advantages it affords over other methods of valuing non-market goods. Yet, in contingent valuation literature few studies have addressed the reliability of the outcomes. This is the goal of the current paper, which presents the results of anapplication of the contingent valuation method to a new museum of contemporary art (Museo Patio Herreriano de Arte Contemporáneo [Spanish Contemporary Art Museum] in Valladolid, Spain). The method was applied at two different times: prior to its opening and after some years. We thus aim to contrast the evolution of preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) estimates at different points in time using bootstrap techniques. Estimations were performed using non-parametric methods and the outcomes reflect stability for valuations made by visitors to the museum but not for the valuations given by residents of Valladolid.  相似文献   

11.
ABSTRACT: A pilot study was conducted to test the potential of the Contingent Valuation Methodology (CVM) to reveal the value of non-market goods in a partially monetized subsistence economy. CVM was used to estimate the willingness to pay, in the form of labor, for potable drinking water in a rural river-based community located in the Esmeraldas state of northwest Ecuador. Surveys were administered by personal interviews with families living along the waterways of the Santiago river system who used river water for cooking, drinking, washing, and waste disposal. The mean willingness to pay represented over 23 percent of real income, or 1.4 days per week for a period of one year. Results of multiple regression analysis identified the history of water-related health problems and the number of working adults in a household as significant determinants of willingness to pay. Using a non-monetary, rather than a monetary measure of willingness to pay may provide a more accurate representation of value in a subsistence economy where the use of money is limited. The potential for CVM to measure the benefits of non-market goods in rural developing regions whose economies are only partially monetized is demonstrated.  相似文献   

12.
    
Domestic waste policy in Australia has a strong focus on kerbside recycling. In this paper mixed logit choice modelling is used to estimate the willingness to pay of households in Brisbane, Australia, for kerbside waste collection services including recycling. Respondents were found to have a positive willingness to pay for the fortnightly kerbside recycling and would be willing to pay an additional amount to increase the frequency of this service to weekly. The utility of respondents was, however, found to decline if general waste collection increased from weekly to twice a week.  相似文献   

13.
论述了选择实验法的理论基础,运用该方法对湘江水污染治理中居民的支付意愿进行了实证分析,以此推断实施湘江流域水污染治理工程后湘江流域水质好转带来的环境价值。选择在湘江流域的八大城市布点,获取了587份居民的调查问卷数据资料。通过计量经济学分析,得到如果实施湘江流域水污染治理工程、彻底解决湘江重金属污染问题,水质完全达到或优于Ⅱ类水标准,湘江流域居民总的支付意愿为1074亿元。  相似文献   

14.
    
ABSTRACT: Many water systems in small cities and rural areas throughout the United States are facing water quality and supply problems. These problems are typically not the result of an unexpected event, but are the result of growth trends or decreasing water quality experienced over several years. This analysis uses the contingent valuation and benefit transfer methods to evaluate the willingness to pay for a rural water system in northcentral Montana. Both of the procedures resulted in similar values, ranging from about $4.05 to $7.50 per household per month for urban residents and $5.40 to $11.50 per household per month for rural residents, which is equal to 11 percent to 23 percent of current average water costs. The willingness to pay estimates do not include non-household water users. This analysis shows that useful planning information can be obtained from relatively inexpensive contingent valuation mail survey data and the benefit transfer method as long as the limitations of the data are understood. The willingness to pay for ensuring good quality rural water supplies in the future is likely to be low compared to the costs of extensive diversion and treatment systems. Willingness to pay estimates provide decision makers with information that can be used to avoid building a large water supply system that water users do not want to connect to because of high costs.  相似文献   

15.
    
This paper estimates the marginal willingness to pay for climate amenity in the US using hedonic pricing and wage models. Research identifies that higher January temperatures are an amenity and households are willing to pay approximately US$5.90 ($2004) per month for a 1°F increase in the January temperature. Unlike the January temperature, higher July temperatures and precipitation are both disamenities, and households seek compensation of approximately US$5.46 ($2004) per month for a 1°F increase in July temperatures and approximately US$4.50 ($2004) per month for a 1-inch increase in precipitation.  相似文献   

16.
    
With the growing anxiety over global warming, some groups have advocated the mandatory carbon labeling of products, whereas other groups have opposed such labeling. How consumers respond to carbon labels is a key question with important implications for both policy-makers and managers. Using a random nth-price auction experiment together with a questionnaire, we systematically examined the extent to which Chinese consumers care about environmental impacts and how their willingness to pay (WTP) is influenced by carbon labels. We have determined that WTP significantly increases for products with added carbon labels and decreases when the carbon emissions of a product increase. This response to carbon information disclosure is influenced by factors such as the gender and awareness of environmental pollution by the consumer. This study offers valuable insights to policy-makers and managers for carbon labeling promotion and product positioning.  相似文献   

17.
    
ABSTRACT: Preservation of the few remaining ecologically vital riparian areas in the southwestern United States is a significant policy concern. This article reports on two economic aspects of preserving a nationally renowned riparian birding area in Southern California. First, the article examines visitor willingness to pay (WTP) for habitat restoration and estimates an annual WTP of US $77 per visitor to preserve the habitat, about a half‐million dollars a year for estimated visitor numbers in 2000 and 2001. Second, it documents visitor expenditures in the local economy to be approximately three‐quarters of a million dollars per year. This direct visitor spending attributable to the riparian habitat generates around US $1.3 million in increased local business activity in this relatively remote rural area.  相似文献   

18.
    
This study reports the results from a discrete choice experiment conducted in Beijing China. It aims to elicit monetary values for the value of a statistical life (VSL) and the value of a statistical illness (VSI) that can be considered for policy purposes in China, and to examine how different payment regimes influence willingness to pay (WTP) and whether WTP is age-dependent. We find that our estimates are robust between different econometric model specifications and that they are reliable when compared to previous Chinese findings. We find no evidence of any VSL–age relationship but we find that the payment scheme had an effect on the levels of the estimates of the VSL and VSI, and that taking into account the payment regimes when estimating the models improved their performance. However, levels were relatively close and not statistically significantly different for VSL which may suggest that respondents considered both schemes as similar.  相似文献   

19.
    
We directly compare trip willingness to pay (WTP) values between dichotomous choice contingent valuation (DCCV) and discrete choice experiment (DCE) stated preference surveys of private party Grand Canyon whitewater boaters. The consistency of DCCV and DCE estimates is debated in the literature, and this study contributes to the body of work comparing the methods. Comparisons were made of mean WTP estimates for four hypothetical Colorado River flow-level scenarios. Boaters were found to most highly value mid-range flows, with very low and very high flows eliciting lower WTP estimates across both DCE and DCCV surveys. Mean WTP precision was estimated through simulation. No statistically significant differences were detected between the two methods at three of the four hypothetical flow levels.  相似文献   

20.
    
Decision-making in spatial planning is often based only on administrative regulations and procedures. This approach does not guarantee an efficient allocation of scarce financial resources. Consequently, the present paper discusses the practical relevance of an approach to incorporate results of economic valuation into strategic spatial planning for the example of green infrastructure. For this, a contingent valuation was conducted at a reference site in Esslingen, Germany. Here, participants of the survey stated their willingness to pay for different green infrastructure investment categories. Build on the survey results, the possible future foci of regional green infrastructure planning are derived and impacts on regional green infrastructure policy for the case of the Neckar region are investigated.  相似文献   

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