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我国自1999年开始实施旅游黄金周政策以来,出现了前所未有的假日旅游热,与旅游相关的休闲产业也得到了迅速的发展.扩大了内需,刺激了经济的增长.初步形成了以旅游为主导的假日经济,成为我国社会经济文化的一个新现象,也使人民开始了各种新颖的休闲方式.然而在推动休闲产业迅速发展的同时也暴露出许多问题引起了各方的关注.当前,我国的休假制度做出了重大改革,取消了“五一”黄金周,继而出现了一系列的黄金短假期.该文主要分析了黄金周对休闲产业的贡献与冲击,提出了我国发展休闲产业可采取的一些对策。参5. 相似文献
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仪征市可持续发展指标体系研究 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
本文采用了隶属度函数及可持续发展的阶段连续性方程,建立了评价可持续发展的复合指标体系,给出了持续发展的水平及揭示了不同时态持续发展的类型,并以此为基础分析了仪征市近,无期的可持续发展状况,提出了调控的措施。 相似文献
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磷素营养对春小麦抗旱性的影响 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
在盆栽条件下研究了磷素营养与春小麦抗旱性之间的关系结果表明:施用磷肥由于对根系生长的促进,明显改善了春小麦的水分供应状况,同时,增加了束缚水含量,提高了膜稳定性和叶片耐脱水能力,且由于提高了渗透调节能力,维持了生长过程的正常进行,明显提高了春小麦的生物量和籽粒产量.虽然气孔导度的增大增加了作物的耗水,但由于施磷对失水的促进小于对产量的促进作用,因而明显提高了春小麦的水分利用效率综合分析表明:施磷可明显改善春小麦的抗旱性. 相似文献
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钟福生 《湖南环境生物职业技术学院学报》2004,10(4):301-310
本文归纳和总结了环境生物学的含义及其研究内容和对象;探讨了环境生物学的形成与发展;确定了环境生物学的分类地位以及相关学科的关系;摸索了环境生物学的研究方法;提出了环境生物学的发展趋势。 相似文献
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在中国推广清洁生产:综述与展望 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
本文回顾了中国的清洁生产实践,总结了中央,地方政府的清洁生产政策和活动清洁生产的国际合作活动分析了推广清洁生产已取得的进展,并且讨论了各种挑战,为在中国更为广泛实现清洁生产,提出了10条建议。 相似文献
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运用分子拓扑理论探讨了芳香烃在简单盐水溶液中盐效应常数ks与芳香烃和盐结构之间的定量关系,提出了新的拓扑指数,给出了新的计算方法,也计算了盐效应常数ks 的各种理论值,并与实验值进行了比较,证实了新方法的计算值最接近实际. 相似文献
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两栖动物在环境污染生物监测中的应用前景 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
简单介绍了生物监洲的优越性和选择指示生物的一般标准,沦述了不同生态类群作为指示生物的研究;重点讨论了两栖动物作为指示生物在环境监测中的优越性及其与环境的父系,总结了两栖动物在污染环境中的异常反应,综述了两栖动物作为指示生物在环境污染生物监测中的研究历史和现状,提出了利用两栖动物的形态和行为模式建立水体污染生物监测仪器的可能性,为生物监测提供了科学依据,表1参51 相似文献
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水土流失的定量遥感及其应用研究进展 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
简要介绍了水土流失定量遥感的概念,阐述了它的四项基本要求,报道了它的应用研究进展,并为尽快实现中国水土流失定量遥感提出了若干建议。 相似文献
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基因污染与生态环境安全 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
论述了基因污染可能对生态环境安全造成的影响。转基因作物有可能污染天然物种的基因库;有可能破坏传统农作物品种的遗传多样性,加速作物种植品种的单一化及基因资源的流失;使抗除草剂作物的基因向野生或半野生植物漂移的可能性加大,有可能创造出“超级杂草”;带有病毒型转基因作物的基因重组,有可能创造出新的植物病毒,导致新的病害;BT转基因抗虫作物分泌的毒素,在食物链中传递,很难加以控制,对非目标生物造成危害,并最终破坏自然生态系统的平衡。文章还从不同角度分析了基因污染的严重性。 相似文献
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Chantel D. Sloan Joann F. Gruber Kevin M. Mwenda Jason H. Moore Tracy Onega 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(3):605-615
Indoor and outdoor air pollution is known to contribute to increased lung cancer incidence. This study is the first to address the contribution of home heating fuel and geographical course particulate matter (PM10) concentrations to lung cancer rates in New Hampshire, USA. First, Pearson correlation analysis and geographically weighted regression were used to investigate spatial relationships between outdoor PM10 and lung cancer rates. While the aforementioned analyses did not indicate a significant contribution of PM10 to lung cancer in the state, there was a trend towards a significant association in the northern and southwestern regions of the state. Second, case-control data were used to estimate the contributions of indoor pollution and secondhand smoke to the risk of lung cancer with adjustment for confounders. Increased risk was found among those who used wood or coal to heat their homes for more than 10 winters before the age of 18, with a significant increase in risk per winter. Resulting data suggest that further investigation of the relationship between heating-related air pollution levels and lung cancer risk is needed. 相似文献
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High concentrations of metals (cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc) and of lindane were measured in the sediment and in the spawn and tadpoles of Bufo bufo, Rana dalmatina, and Rana ridibunda from two Austrian locations. Residues in spawn suggest maternal transfer. Increase of the metal concentrations from spawn to advanced tadpole stage is explained by the larval microphaguous feeding habits which cause high exposition of the tadpoles to substances concentrating in sediments and suspended particles. Metal and pesticide concentrations in spawn and tadpoles are toxic to various other aquatic organisms and are furthermore considered to be potentially hazardous to the anurans themselves. The results are conform with world‐wide observations of contamination of anuran larvae with heavy metals, and prove the significance of non‐point source chemical exposure due to allochthonous toxicant input by wind load and precipitation. 相似文献
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湿解产物与堆肥在土壤中的稳定性和腐熟度比较分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
研究了不同培养阶段湿解产物与土壤混合物(HTS)的物质变化特征、稳定性和腐熟度,并与堆肥和土壤混合物(CS)及自然土壤进行了对比。结果表明:在培养过程中,所有HTS和CS的参数变化趋势相似,HTS的温度变化接近于CS的温度变化,稍高于自然土壤的温度,低于环境温度;pH值变化不大,基本稳定在7.6左右;在培养初期,水溶性有机碳比有机态氮w(WSC)/w(Norg)小于0.55,种子发芽系数(GI)高于80%;培养14d后,w(C)/w(N)降低至小于20,w(NH4 -N)/w(NO3--N)渐渐趋于稳定至小于0.16,GI基本高于100%;49d后,HTS的CO2释放率接近CS和自然土壤的CO2释放率;种子发芽系数的变化表明,湿解产物中含有更丰富的营养元素,可以促进植物根系的生长;相关性分析显示,w(WSC)/w(Norg)、w(NH4 -N)/w(NO3--N)和GI可以作为湿解产物腐熟度的评价指标。综合各项参数表明,湿解产物在土壤中会很快达到稳定,可以安全应用。 相似文献
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Yanhui Dai Jian Zhao Chunxiao Sun Diying Li Xia Liu Zhenyu Wang Tongtao Yue Baoshan Xing 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(10):136
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Recent extinctions often resulted from humans retaliating against wildlife that threatened people's interests or were perceived to threaten current or future interests. Today's subfield of human-wildlife conflict and coexistence (HWCC) grew out of an original anthropocentric concern with such real or perceived threats and then, starting in the mid-1990s, with protecting valued species from people. Recent work in ethics and law has shifted priorities toward coexistence between people and wild animals. To spur scientific progress and more effective practice, we examined 4 widespread assumptions about HWCC that need to be tested rigorously: scientists are neutral and objective about HWCC; current participatory, consensus-based decisions provide just and fair means to overcome challenges in HWCC; wildlife threats to human interests are getting worse; and wildlife damage to human interests is additive to other sources of damage. The first 2 assumptions are clearly testable, but if they are entangled can become a wicked problem and may need debunking as myths if they cannot be disentangled. Some assumptions have seldom or never been tested and those that have been tested appear dubious, yet the use of the assumptions continues in the practice and scholarship of HWCC. We call for tests of assumptions and debunking of myths in the scholarship of HWCC. Adherence to the principles of scientific integrity and application of standards of evidence can help advance our call. We also call for practitioners and interest groups to improve the constitutive process prior to decision making about wildlife. We predict these steps will hasten scientific progress toward evidence-based interventions and improve the fairness, ethics, and legality of coexistence strategies. 相似文献
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水循环经济与水资源合理开发利用研究 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
在分析水循环经济的概念和基本特征、回顾国内外水循环经济与水资源合理开发利用历史演进和研究进程的基础上,陈述了可持续发展理论、物质代谢理论和产业生态学理论是水循环经济研究的三大新理论支柱。从现代水资源合理开发利用研究必须从系统定量的角度研究水资源系统与水社会经济系统的整体行为、演化规律及其相互作用的角度,指出了物质流分析技术(MFA)与投入产出分析技术(I/O)是水循环经济研究的主流方法。分别阐明了水循环经济理论体系构建的研究、水循环经济技术创新问题的研究、水循环经济发展模式选择问题的研究、水循环经济管理体制及经济机制问题的研究是当前水循环经济研究的四项重点内容。 相似文献
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Growth and pollution convergence: Theory and evidence 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
C. Ordás Criado S. Valente T. Stengos 《Journal of Environmental Economics and Management》2011,62(2):199-214
Stabilizing pollution levels in the long run is a pre-requisite for sustainable growth. We develop a neoclassical growth model with endogenous emission reduction predicting that, along optimal sustainable paths, pollution growth rates are (i) positively related to output growth (scale effect) and (ii) negatively related to emission levels (defensive effect). This dynamic law reduces to a convergence equation that is empirically tested for two major and regulated air pollutants – sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides – with a panel of 25 European countries spanning the years 1980–2005. Traditional parametric models are rejected by the data. More flexible regression techniques confirm the existence of both the scale and the defensive effect, supporting the model predictions. 相似文献