活性滤料滤池过滤性能研究

为了研究进水浓度、水力停留时间和供气量对活性滤料滤池过滤性能的影响,以石英砂作为过滤介质,以高岭土悬浊液模拟配水进行试验,测试不同条件下滤池对SS的去除效果.结果表明:有效过滤高度为700 mm的活性滤料滤池在HRT为10 min、SS为45 mg·L^-1左右时,砂循环周期应为24 h以内;进水SS的浓度和供气量基本不影响活性滤料滤池的过滤性能;随着停留时间的增加,活性滤料滤池对SS去除率逐渐增加;活性滤料滤池用于出水SS由一级B标准提高到一级A标准的合理停留时间应为7.5~10 min,最佳供气范围为7.96~26.53 L·m^-2·min^-1.     

Metabolically active Crenarchaeota in Altamira Cave

Altamira Cave contains valuable paleolithic paintings dating back to 15,000 years. The conservation of these unique paintings is attracting increasing interest, and so, understanding microbial proliferation in Altamira Cave represents a prioritary objective. Here, we show for the first time that members of the Crenarchaeota were metabolically active components of developing microbial communities. RNA was extracted directly from the studied environment, and a number of 16S rRNA gene sequences belonging to the low-temperature Crenarchaeota were detected. Although low-temperature Crenarchaeota detected in a variety of ecosystems by using molecular techniques remain uncultured, this RNA-based study confirms an active participation of the Crenarchaeota in cave biogeochemical cycles.     

让循环经济的市场活起来

在我国,循环经济从一种理念转化为国家战略和政策历时仅两年时间.之所以如此迅速,一个重要的原因是发展循环经济是全面建设小康社会的客观需要.     

载铁活性炭对水中草甘膦吸附性能研究

通过浸渍-焙烧法制备载铁活性炭,并用SEM电镜分析了载铁活性炭表面形态,研究了载铁活性炭(Fe-AC)对草甘膦溶液的吸附等温线和吸附动力学,并分析了各种影响因素对载铁活性炭吸附性能的影响.实验表明,Freundlich方程可以对Fe-AC草甘膦吸附等温线进行很好拟合,最大吸附量约为5.8mmol/g;其吸附动力学过程用Lagergren方程拟合,吸附速率常数在0.088min-1左右,且随着温度的升高逐渐减小.根据Kannan & Sundaram颗粒内扩散模型拟合,颗粒内扩散速率常数kp大于10mg·min-1/2/g,并随着起始温度的升高而减小.由于草甘膦的存在形态和Fe-AC材料表面性质的变化,AC-Fe对草甘膦的吸附能力随水溶液的pH升高而降低.NaCl的存在产生拮抗效应使得Fe-AC对草甘膦的吸附容量大大下降,随着NaCl浓度增加至4g/L后,盐析效应开始占主导地位,使得Fe-AC的吸附容量略有增加;由于草甘膦分子的空间位阻效应和亚磷酸根与载铁活性炭表面形成较强的络合物,使得随亚磷酸根浓度的升高Fe-AC对草甘膦的吸附量持续下降.     

Release of bioactive active iodine in kelp

The release process and influencing factors of bioactive iodine of kelp are systemically studied by leaching experiment. The results showed that the bioactive iodine of kelp can be released rapidly and the principal form of iodine in lixivium is I^- . There is a dynamic process between the release and absorption of iodine. With the increase of leaching water, the gross amounts of released iodine rise.There also exists a transforming process among I^- , IO3^- and organic iodine in lixivium.     

Shape memory polymer snap-fits for active disassembly

This paper explores a means to simplify disassembly by engineering a snap-fit that automatically releases upon exposure to a heat field thus limiting manual labor or machine operation for disassembly. Shape memory polymer (SMP) snap-fits were designed and manufactured to actively release upon a thermal trigger. Snap-fits were designed with an added feature known here as a release angle that would allow for an uninterrupted movement for disassembly in the presence of an elevated temperature. SMP snap-fits were then manufactured and tested. Testing was performed for demonstration of the active release of the SMP snap-fits and for analysis of active disassembly (AD) process parameters. Taguchi methods were used to analyze the AD process parameters, including heating method and disassembly temperature. The results from this research show the successful demonstration of the SMP snap-fits within a manufactured product housing. AD process parameter analysis shows that both the heating method and temperature affect the AD process. The analysis determines that by increasing the heat exchange rate the snap-fit disassembly time is shortened. From the performed experiments, it was seen that an Oil bath at 150 °C produced the best results in regards to disassembly time and signal-noise ratio. The results from experimentation demonstrate the possibility of acceptable heat-releasable fasteners for more efficient disassembly and exhibit benefits over current AD elements comprised of shape memory alloys.     

超声光催化降解苯胺及其衍生物研究

以苯胺及其衍生物为研究对象，探讨了不同有机化合物结构对超声光催化降解的影响，进一步开拓了基于超声波与TiO2光催化联合催化降解有机废水的新型深度氧化处理新技术．超声光催化技术．实验结果表明，尽管超声光催化反应对苯胺及其衍生物的降解协同效应并不是很显著，但是超声光催化反应对苯胺及其衍生物却具有较好的降解率，而且不同有机化合物结构对超声光催化反应有着较大的影响。