工程外迁移民社区安置中的资源挖掘问题--以江苏省大丰市为例

在对江苏省三峡外迁移民安置试点大丰市的调研基础上，探讨了移民社区安置中的资源挖掘问题，主要是闲置房和土地资源的利用、社会网络资源的开发、投资性资源的启动等，指出资源的充分挖掘，有助于顺利安置移民。     

三峡移民的出路在于库区的持续发展

三峡工程移民面临的困难是巨大的。解决三峡工程移民问题的正确战略应该是将库区作为一个综合开发的整体，以库区的持续发展作为移民安置的基础，坚持移民成功应达到的经济标准、社会标准和环境标准，将发展二三产业作为移民就业的重点，按适应２１世纪持续发展的要求，搞好库区基础设施和城镇建设，增加对库区的投入。     

水库移民安置对不同年龄阶段移民的福利影响研究

以湖南皂市水库移民为研究对象,在对移民年龄阶段进行细分的基础上,基于可行能力理论构建系统的水库移民福利评价体系,利用模糊评价方法测度不同年龄阶段移民的福利变化差异。研究发现:(1)水库移民安置对不同年龄阶段移民的福利影响差异明显。64岁以上移民的福利水平下降了26.71%,45—54岁移民的福利水平下降了19.45%,35岁以下移民的福利水平下降了12.32%。(2)不同年龄阶段移民的功能性活动的变化方向和变化程度不同。移民的居住、生产条件有所改善,社会保障、社会参与水平均下降,经济状况和社会交往功能在不同年龄阶段移民间的变化方向不同。研究结论认为,政府应提高安置过程中移民的社会参与水平,并针对不同年龄阶段移民的需求制定细致多样的补偿政策。     

水库移民安置对不同年龄阶段移民的福利影响研究CSSCI

以湖南皂市水库移民为研究对象,在对移民年龄阶段进行细分的基础上,基于可行能力理论构建系统的水库移民福利评价体系,利用模糊评价方法测度不同年龄阶段移民的福利变化差异。研究发现:(1)水库移民安置对不同年龄阶段移民的福利影响差异明显。64岁以上移民的福利水平下降了26.71%,45—54岁移民的福利水平下降了19.45%,35岁以下移民的福利水平下降了12.32%。(2)不同年龄阶段移民的功能性活动的变化方向和变化程度不同。移民的居住、生产条件有所改善,社会保障、社会参与水平均下降,经济状况和社会交往功能在不同年龄阶段移民间的变化方向不同。研究结论认为,政府应提高安置过程中移民的社会参与水平,并针对不同年龄阶段移民的需求制定细致多样的补偿政策。     

三江源区生态移民适应问题研究

三江源区生态移民对新环境的适应是稳定移民和移民后续发展的根本保证,本文从三江源生态移民适应面临的问题入手,采用实证分析方法提出了加快移民适应的一些对策,并指出适应将会是一个较长的过程.     

云南省山区移民与发展研究

人口迁移与发展是移民研究关注的一个重点.根据目前云南山区移民的实际情况,探讨了全面发展目标下的山区移民发展机制,重点分析了资源环境、工程建设与自然保护三个移民驱动因素,提出了区内搬迁与区际搬迁两个搬迁发展模式.结合实际,对不同搬迁模式下移民安置发展中存在的经济、社会与环境受益一风险进行了分析,提出了移民科学发展框架和相关策略.     

水电水利工程移民安置区环境保护管理探讨

水电水利工程移民安置区环境保护管理是水电水利建设项目环境保护工作的深化和延伸。本文通过对我国正在建设的巨型电站移民安置区环境保护工作的调查、总结和分析,探讨性地提出了水电水利工程移民安置区环境保护管理内容。该环保管理办法着力加强水电水利建设项目环境保护全过程管理,促进移民安置区环保措施的有效落实,使移民安置与生态环境相适应、相协调,实现水电水利工程建设的持续发展。     

国内外旅游移民研究现状与展望

旅游移民是近年来西方学者研究的焦点之一,包括旅游劳工移民和消费导向移民两大类型,主要集中在旅游移民的界定和类型划分、产生的动因、社会经济影响、往返问题等四个方面.国内研究在非志愿移民、旅游劳工移民、消费导向旅游移民三个方面有所涉及.国内外研究都处于起步阶段,需要明确方向,加强研究.     

西递旅游劳工移民迁移动因研究

选取西递村作为研究案例地,运用访谈法、参与观察、资料分析等调查方法探讨了西递旅游劳工移民类型划分和特征,研究了旅游劳工移民产生的原因和动力机制。根据旅游劳工移民所处职位可划分为4类,各类型特征差异明显。西递旅游业快速发展,舒适的乡村田园风光、旅游职业特性形成的特有拉力以及原居住地就业和工作压力大形成的推力共同作用,成为西递旅游劳工移民形成的主要原因,获取信息的途径和政府政策成为影响旅游劳工移民迁移的中间障碍。     

后三峡工程时代旅游开发式移民研究

百万移民工程是三峡工程相伴生的世界级难题,三峡库坝区原有后靠移民依然存在着后续安置的任务。“后三峡工程”时代的库区工作重心应从移民“搬得出”向“稳得住,逐步能致富”转移,实现从工程“移民”向“富民”的战略转变。旅游业作为三峡地区的优势产业之一,在移民经济发展中具有明显的绿色GDP生产新功绩、移民致富“造血”新功效、民间转移支付新功能;坚持把旅游开发与移民致富相结合,探索性提出了旅游开发式移民的新思路。     

塔里木河中下游生态移民的意义及模式探讨

塔里木河流域生态环境综合治理工作仍然在积极地进行着。生态脆弱区的移民政策对缓解塔里木河流域生态质量恶化,维持绿色走廊生机,改善生态环境现状,提高农牧民生活水平,发展当地经济都有着积极的作用和深远的影响。本文阐述了塔里木河流域生态环境现状,揭示了生态移民的意义,并对生态移民应当采取的模式进行了探讨,以有助于新疆生态环境的保护与建设工作。     

Immigration and electricity consumption: The case of Northern Cyprus

The present article uses the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing procedure to identify the impact of immigration and economic growth on electricity consumption in the case of North Cyprus using annual data from 1977 to 2007. The results suggest that both economic growth and immigration are in a long-run equilibrium relationship with electricity consumption.     

An Evaluation of Air Pollution Health Impacts and Costs in São Paulo, Brazil

The need to determine cost estimates of the hazardous effects of diseases is important in order to establish the priorities of actions for prevention and health management. The evaluation of air pollution impacts on health, based on expenditures, has been carried out, but there are obvious comparison difficulties among countries, as the health-per-capita investment varies enormously. In order to achieve a standard indicator, we applied the Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALY) method to estimate the health burden and cost estimate due to air pollution in São Paulo, Brazil. The basic methodology was the utilization of dose–response curves of epidemiological studies conducted in São Paulo to assess air pollution and its health effects. DALY attributable to air pollution in São Paulo added up to 28,212 years annually. An indirect health cost attributable to air pollution resulted in US$ 3,222,676. This estimate refers to the children and the elderly population. These results give a preliminary and underestimated value of the burden of diseases promoted by air pollution.     

Sustainability in medicine: a case for the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases

Chronic non-communicable diseases have increased worldwide, threatening not only the health of individuals but also social stability. Global studies have identified behavioral, environmental, and stress-related factors that account for a substantial amount of variance in these diseases. Identification of these relatively easy modifiable lifestyle factors holds great potential for the development of global prevention strategies in order to improve health and thereby promote economic, ecologic, and social sustainability worldwide.     

A relict habitat became an isolated habitat in the Luoshan Nature Reserve from 1977 to 2017: Natural or man‐made disaster?

Understanding the ecological trends of the relict habitats in the Luoshan Nature Reserve (LNR) has an important role in the persistence of endangered species and the socio‐economic sustainability in the Ningxia section of the arid desertification belt in North China. Based on data from the Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS)/Thematic Mapper (TM)/Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+)/Operational Land Imager (OLI) sensors (from 1977 to 2017), the MODIS normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and net primary productivity (NPP) (from 2000 to 2017), the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) digital elevation model (DEM), annual average air temperature and precipitation (from 1977 to 2017), typical anthropogenic factors (population size, cultivated land and residential area) and natural ecological elements (MSS/TM/ETM+/OLI/MODIS NDVI and NPP) were quantitatively contrasted and analyzed for potential correlations. Some indicators of human activities, ecological processes and landscape geography have changed in the LNR. The proportion of residential area increased 3.09‐fold from 1977 to 2017. The population increased 34.30‐fold due to ecological immigration policy implementation in the Hongsipu immigration district. Before immigration, cultivated land increased, but after immigration, this land decreased quickly. Most of the dry‐cultivated land was converted through afforestation and a small part of the land was converted to irrigate cultivation land. We conclude that natural evolution led to the ecological relics, the isolated management to the LNR has objectively created an ecological island that will accelerate inbreeding depression and reduce biodiversity.     

An analysis of the environmental health impact of the Barekese Dam in Kumasi, Ghana

Although dams have beneficial effects, they are also acknowledged as having serious environmental repercussions if they are not properly managed. The objective of this work was to examine the impact of the Barekese Dam in Ghana on the health status of three riparian communities downstream against a control. The environmental health status of the communities was analysed with reference to traditional endemic communicable water-related diseases in the catchment area, which were identified as malaria, urinary schistosomiasis, infectious hepatitis, diarrhoeal diseases and scabies. Case-control study was then conducted in the three phases of the dam (pre-construction, at the end of the construction and in the late operational phases) to analyse the health status of the communities as a function of the phases of the dam. The results showed that the control community consistently had a much better health status than two of the riparian communities, which were closer to the dam in all the three phases. However, it had a better health status than the third riparian community, which was farthest downstream, only in the first two phases. This community maintained a fairly constant health status retrospectively and did not appear to have been affected by the presence of the dam. On contrary, the health status of the two communities in close proximity to the dam deteriorated in the late operational phase. The study therefore showed that there was a strong association between the presence of the dam and poorer health status of the downstream communities in close proximity to it.     

Domestic energy usage and its' health implications on residents of the Ese‐Odo and Okitipupa local government areas of Ondo state,Nigeria

This study examined domestic energy usage and its health implication on residents of Ese‐Odo and Okitipupa Local Government Areas (LGA), of Ondo State. Systematic random sampling was used to select 103 and 156 respondents in Ese‐Odo and Okitipupa LGA, respectively. It was established that environmental and socio‐economic related attributes influenced residents' choice of domestic energy type. Similarly, burns, blindness, stroke, cataract and pulmonary diseases were the most prevalent self‐reported ill‐health. A relatively weak correlation between domestic energy usage and ill‐health is experienced by the residents. Therefore, the study concluded that the use of traditional energy types had significant adverse effects on the health of the residents in Okitipupa and Ese‐Odo LGAs of Ondo State.     

基于“互联网＋”的海外员工健康管理 平台设计及应用

针对目前国内健康管理存在健康信息采集来源狭窄、健康指标数据利用效率低、信息化水平和功能与用户及社会发展不匹配等问题,设计开发了基于"互联网+"的海外油田员工健康管理信息化平台。通过运用互联网技术,使健康管理更加快捷化、流程化和规范化,实现了员工出国前健康体检、出国前健康评估和出国后健康监测的全业务流程在线管控,同时系统自动采集体检报告,形成完整的员工健康档案,提升了员工健康管理水平,为海外油田员工体检套餐优化、重点疾病防控和出国健康评估等提供了全面的数据决策依据。     

DETERMINING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WATER QUALITY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE IN FISHERY POPULATIONS1

ABSTRACT: Diseases in wild fish populations may have multiple economic and social impacts. Epidemics of infectious diseases, which are associated with the presence of some microbe or parasite, have recently been observed in several major estuarine systems in the eastern United States. The most prevalent of these problems is ulcerative mycosis (UM), a fungal infection. The agents responsible for UM and many of these other diseases are opportunistic pathogens that are not believed to infect normal, immunocompetent individuals. While inroads have been made into determining the infectious agents associated with these diseases, we know very little of how pollution may influence their prevalence. Understanding the importance of pollution requires an awareness of all the environmental conditions that can affect the health of wild populations. In this paper, a multistep examination of the interactions between the host, pathogen(s), and environment is outlined.     

Angler survey contributes to socially acceptable modification of harvest regulations to preserve cutthroat trout fishery in Snake River,Wyoming, USA

This is a case study that describes a survey of anglers that was used to assist in modifying fishing regulations for indigenous trout in the Snake River, Wyoming. A mail survey of anglers who purchased 1991 Wyoming fishing licenses in the two counties adjacent to the Snake River was conducted during fall 1992. Differences in angler preferences were noted between anglers who purchased licenses in two adjacent counties with different socioeconomic structures, as well as between residents and nonresidents in each county. Anglers who purchased licenses in Teton County, where there is extensive tourism and immigration by relatively wealthy residents, tended to be more specialized and less harvest oriented. Anglers in Lincoln County, which is largely agricultural and has substantially less tourism and immigration of residents, tended to fish in many different ways and indicated more desire to harvest fish. Anglers from the two counties segregated themselves; those from Teton County primarily used the upstream portion of the study reach, and those from Lincoln County primarily used a short downstream portion of the reach. Modification of fishing regulations to reduce harvest of spawning-size cutthroat trout in the Snake River probably was acceptable to most anglers due to spatial segregation and their attitudes toward harvest.The unit is jointly supported by the University of Wyoming, the Wyoming Game and Fish Department, and the National Biological Survey.