共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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李秀仙王斌李珣孔文亮孙宝年姚士新 《再生资源与循环经济》2018,(12):36-38
当下,全世界都面临着一个严峻的土壤环境污染的难题——重金属污染。选取萱草作为研究对象,通过原子吸收分光光度法对植物修复前后土壤中铅的浓度进行测定,得出萱草对重金属铅的修复效率最大分别为79.63%和80.22%;通过计算萱草在不同浓度梯度下的重金属铅的富集和转运系数,发现金属铅在萱草体内的富集和转运规律一般情况下均为萱草根大于萱草叶。 相似文献
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通过比较不同稳定剂、固化剂、土壤pH条件下土壤中重金属锑的修复效果,研究了锑的固化-稳定化影响因素并探讨了相关稳定化机理.实验结果表明:铁基稳定剂的效果明显优于磷酸二氢钾和腐殖酸钠,而零价铁的稳定化效果更优于硫酸铁和硫酸亚铁,较适宜的稳定剂投加量为5%(w);水泥做固化剂对锑的稳定化效果优于氧化钙,最佳投加量为5%(w... 相似文献
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对海泡石进行热改性,以腐殖酸和海泡石为原料,制备了腐殖酸-海泡石复合钝化剂。采用BCR形态分析法研究了复合钝化剂对镉污染土壤的钝化效果。结果表明,制备复合钝化剂的最佳工艺条件为:腐殖酸与海泡石质量比2∶1,氢氧化钠质量浓度0.04 g/mL,热反应时间40 min,热反应温度80 ℃。复合钝化剂的最佳添加量为7%(w),培养3 d后,钝化效率达46.87%,土壤pH升高至7.02,活稳比降低为0.65,土壤中镉的释放风险显著降低。复合钝化剂修复镉污染土壤时,会促使活性态镉向稳定态镉转化,使镉在土壤中的稳定性提高。 相似文献
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石油污染土壤的微生物修复技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了石油污染土壤微生物修复技术的影响因素;概述了生物刺激、生物强化、固定化微生物、植物-微生物联合修复以及电动-微生物联合修复石油污染土壤的技术原理,分析了现阶段土壤修复过程中面临的难题,预测了微生物修复技术的研究方向。指出优化微生物的环境条件、培育新型高效的基因工程菌和开发经济高效的新型修复技术等将是未来微生物修复技术的发展趋势。 相似文献
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吴燕芳 《再生资源与循环经济》2013,6(5)
目前,我国重金属污染呈现出长期积累和近期集中爆发、历史遗留问题和新出现问题相交织的特点,重金属污染在环境中存在多、形态多,整治重金属污染是一项长期、复杂、艰巨的任务.重金属污染物极难降解,尤其是存在于水和土壤中的重金属兼具富集性,是不可逆转的.重点阐述了重金属污染土壤的修复技术研究进展及发展前景. 相似文献
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Konstantinos Kostarelos Daniela Reale Dimitris Dermatas Ennio Rao Deok Hyun Moon 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2006,6(1-2):171-189
The presence of hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), in soil is an environmental concern due to its effect on human health. The concern
arises from the leaching and the seepage of Cr(VI) from soil to groundwater. In this paper, a stabilization technology to
prevent this problem was simulated on an artificial soil contaminated with hexavalent chromium. The process is a physico-chemical
treatment in which the toxic pollutant is physically entrapped within a solid matrix formed by the pozzolanic reactions of
lime and fly ash to reduce its leachability and, therefore, its toxicity. This paper presents the optimum ratio of fly ash
and lime in order to stabilize artificial soils contaminated with 0.4 wt.% of Cr (VI) in a brief term process. The degree
of chromium released from the soil was evaluated using a modified Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) by US
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Overall, experimental results showed reduced leachability of total and hexavalent chromium
from soils treated with both fly ash and quicklime, and that leachability reduction was more effective with increasing amount
of fly ash and quicklime. Stabilization percentages between 97.3% and 99.7% of the initial chromium content were achieved,
with Cr(VI) concentration in the TCLP leachates below the US EPA limit for chromium of 5 mg/l. Adequate treatment was obtained
after 1 day of curing with just 25% fly ash and 10% quicklime. 相似文献
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以磷酸二氢钾(PDP)钝化后的重金属污染土壤为研究对象,通过室内土柱淋溶和土壤吸水实验,考察pH为3.1、4.6和5.1的模拟酸雨对污染土壤修复过程中重金属淋溶特征及土壤持水能力的影响。实验结果表明:PDP处理显著增加了淋出液的pH、电导率、TOC和正磷酸盐态磷(ZP)含量,在淋溶初期显著降低了淋出液的Cu、Cd和Pb含量,但在淋溶后期增大了Pb含量;土壤持水量与电导率、pH、TOC和ZP含量呈现极显著负相关性;土壤修复过程中,有机质的淋失、盐分含量及pH的增大可引起土壤持水能力的减弱。 相似文献
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Mining operations result in a wide range of environmental impacts: acid mine drainage (AMD) and acid sulfate soils being among the most common. Due to their acidic pH and high soluble metal concentrations, both AMD and acid sulfate soils can severely damage the local ecosystems. Proper post‐mining management practices are necessary to control AMD‐related environmental issues. Current AMD‐impacted soil treatment technologies are rather expensive and typically not environmentally sustainable. We conducted a 60‐day bench‐scale study to evaluate the potential of a cost‐effective and environment‐friendly technology in treating AMD‐impacted soils. The metal binding and acid‐neutralizing capacity of an industrial by‐product, drinking water treatment residuals (WTRs) were used for AMD remediation. Two types of locally generated WTRs, an aluminum‐based WTR (Al‐WTR) and a lime‐based WTR (Ca‐WTR) were used. Highly acidic AMD‐impacted soil containing very high concentrations of metals and metalloids, such as iron, nickel, and arsenic, was collected from the Tab‐Simco coal mine in Carbondale, Illinois. Soil amendment using a 1:1 Al‐ and Ca‐WTR mix, applied at 5 and 10 percent rates significantly lowered the soluble and exchangeable fractions of metals in the AMD‐impacted soil, thus lowering potential metal toxicity. Soil pH increased from an extremely acidic 2.69 to a near‐neutral 6.86 standard units over the 60‐day study period. Results from this preliminary study suggest the possibility of a successful scale‐up of this innovative, cost‐effective, and environmentally sustainable technology for remediating AMD‐impacted acid sulfate soils. 相似文献
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生物炭修复Cd,Pb污染土壤的研究进展 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
随着矿产开采、冶炼等工业活动以及污水灌溉、施用污泥和劣质化肥等农业活动的进行,Cd,Pb等有害重金属不断进入农业环境中,对农田、菜地等造成污染。生物炭作为重要的土壤改良剂,在对Cd,Pb污染土壤的修复中表现出巨大的潜力。从生物炭的特性及制备、修复效果及其影响因素、修复机理等方面,对近年来国内外有关生物炭修复Cd,Pb污染土壤的研究成果和现状进行了总结,并对生物炭修复Cd,Pb污染土壤的发展前景和未来研究方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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采用电动力修复技术处理Pb、Cd复合污染土壤,考察了柠檬酸和乙二胺四乙酸二钠(EDTA)作为电解液对棕壤(ZR)和红壤(HR)两种我国典型壤质中Pb、Cd去除效果的影响。实验结果表明:在电压梯度为2 V/cm,修复时间为4 d的条件下,ZR的最佳电解液为EDTA,Pb、Cd平均去除率为13.2%和17.8%,HR的最佳电解液为柠檬酸,Pb、Cd的平均去除率为20.0%和33.8%;延长修复时间至10 d能显著提高HR中Pb、Cd的去除率,电解液为柠檬酸时Cd平均去除率达91.1%,电解液为EDTA时Pb平均去除率达63.2%,修复后土壤中Cd和Pb含量均低于建筑用地土壤污染风险筛选值。综合考虑能耗及修复效果,EDTA是高效且经济的修复电解液。 相似文献
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针对我国铅蓄电池行业现状,从铅蓄电池生产所用原辅材料、生产工艺装置、过程控制、末端治理、职业卫生、废电池回收、生产能力要求及布局等多个角度出发,对该行业开展清洁生产的各个要点环节进行了探讨研究。 相似文献
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通过投加抗坏血酸(C6H8O6)或铁系还原剂(FeCl2,(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2,FeS)对重庆某化工厂的Cr污染土壤进行修复。除FeS外,其余3种还原剂对土壤中Cr(Ⅵ)的还原率均达80%以上,稳定效率均超73%,且投加量为理论值3倍和4倍时的效果相差不大。C6H8O6相比于铁系还原剂表现出更好的长期稳定性,4~30 d的Cr(Ⅵ)浸出质量浓度均低于《生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准》(GB 16889—2008)中Cr(Ⅵ)的浸出限值(1.5 mg/L)。投加3倍理论值C6H8O6的土壤在30 d时的Cr(Ⅵ)浸出质量浓度仅为0.83 mg/L,稳定效率高达98.3%。除FeS外,其余3种还原剂均显著增加了土壤中Cr的残渣态占比。FeCl2和(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2会导致土壤pH降低。4种还原剂均未对土壤晶体结构产生明显影响。 相似文献