城市发展可持续性评价的理论探索与实践

近年来,国内已开展对可持续发展指标体系的研究工作,但大多限于指标体系的框架和理论探讨,我们通过对国内外几十个城市社会、经济和环境的指标进行分析研究,建立了一套城市可持续发展指标体系、研究评价标准,并用以评价分析石家庄市的现状,预测2000年和2010年规划的可持续发展程度,进而提出问题和建议。一、城市可持续发展指标体系的制定原则1、针对性原则。城市可持续发展指标体系必须针对城市的性质以及环境、经济和社会的特点,兼顾城市的现状和未来功能的规划,确保所选出的指标体系的可行性和代表性。2相关性原则。从可持续发展…     

黄土高原地区农业发展问题初探

黄土高原地区农业发展问题初探石忆邵（西北农业大学农经系．杨陵７１２１００）１开发、整治黄土高原的措施间题开发整治黄土高原的实质应是合理利用资源、繁荣区域经济、改善生态环境与控制人口增长。但长期以来，上地资源合理利用与水土保持的关系紊乱。水土保持是土地...     

济南市区水环境承载力现状及可持续性发展对策

基于济南市区水环境现状,建立了水环境承载力系统动力学模型,通过模拟在目前经济发展状况下水环境承载力的变化趋势,提出了提高济南市水环境承载能力的对策,从而为济南市水环境的可持续发展提供依据。     

提高农业用水效率促进农业可持续性发展

乐亭县地处滨海,农业用水效率低,加之上游连年缺水,造成田间荒芜撂荒现象严重.乐亭县是农业大县,工业相对薄弱,掀起一场提高农业用水效率的革命势在必行.主要途径:大力推进节水灌溉制度,调整农业种植结构,积极引进、开发、培育节水高产品种,减少无效蒸发,节水高产施肥、培肥技术.     

九江市水环境管理及可持续性发展

分析了九江市水资源分布特征和水环境管理现状，研究了水环境管理存在的主要问题，提出了建立九江市综合水务管理体制、以环境容量为基础、以排污许可证为手段的水污染防治体制等对策。     

塔里木河沿岸地区农业用水资源评价及其合理利用对策

对构成塔里木河沿岸地区农业用水资源的大气降水、地下水和地表水资源进行了全面评价，提出了合理利用该地区有限农业用水资源的对策。     

塔里木河沿岩地区农业用水资源评价及其合理利用对策

对构成塔里木河沿岸地区农业用水资源的大气降水,地下水和地表水资源进行了全面评价,提出了合理利用该地区有限农业用水资源的对策。     

我国农业环境保护发展战略初探

农业环境保护发展战略研究是一个大课题,是关系农业持续发展的一件大事,它的研究水平的高低将对农业环境保护事业的兴衰与发展速度产生重大影响。一、我国农业环境保护发展战略问题的概念农业环境保护发展战略是对农业环境保护的总体谋划,其核心首先是找出问题,确定农业环境保护的战略目标。要确定农业环境保护战略目标,就     

广西坡耕地主要经济作物施肥与养分径流流失初探

为研究广西坡耕地主要经济作物甘蔗、玉米和花生农民常规施肥及不施肥处理对植株生长情况、经济产量及养分径流流失的影响,探寻提高广西经济作物经济效益、减少成本、减少环境污染的最佳施肥量,在坡耕地,观测降雨过程的养分径流流失,运用SPSS统计分析软件对试验数据进行分析,寻找成本低、效益高的种植方法。结果表明,对照与常规施肥相比,甘蔗、玉米、花生作物的生长情况差异不明显。对照处理的玉米经济产量、生物产量、淀粉含量分别为851．42kg·667m-2 3640．4kg·667m-2．68．40％;比玉米（常规施肥）高100．62kg·667m-2．485．98kg·667m-2 7．5％;花生对照的粗脂肪比其常规施肥高了45g·kg-1;径流养分总氮、总磷、总钾、硝态氮、铵态氮径流流失总量最高的均是花生常规施肥,其次是甘蔗对照,最少的玉米对照。径流量与总氮、总磷、总钾、硝态氮、铵态氮的相关系数,常规施肥处理偏高于对照。玉米对照的养分径流流失总量最少;花生常规施肥养分径流率最大;玉米比花生更适合在广西肥沃的坡耕地中种植。     

氧化塘底泥对作物生长影响的研究

本文通过农田试验 ,得出氧化塘底泥可以改良土壤结构、增加有机质含量、微生物数量、提高作物产量的结论。因此 ,底泥可以作为一种有机肥应用于农业。     

Biotechnology is compatible with sustainable agriculture

Biotechnology can provide appropriate new tools for use in solution of specific problems in sustainable agriculture. Its usefulness will depend in large part on the degree to which sustainable agriculturists understand the utility of biotechnology and apply it toward ends they deem important. Biotechnology can give little assistance to sustainable agriculture in the short term. It can be more useful in the medium term, and it could be highly useful in the long term as an integral part of the art and science of plant breeding and other components of sustainable agriculture systems.     

Greener growing: assessing the influence of gardening practices on the ecological viability of community gardens in South East Queensland,Australia

While claims about the environmental benefits of community gardens abound, few researchers have systematically assessed the ecological integrity of gardening practices. This study investigated gardening practices in 50 community gardens in Brisbane and Gold Coast cities, Australia. The study aimed to better understand how gardening practices might affect the ecological viability of community gardens. Factors investigated included: garden bio-physical characteristics, operators’ motivations, gardeners’ socio-demographic backgrounds, garden facilities and types of plants grown. Two broad types of gardens were identified: permaculture (21 gardens) and non-permaculture (29 gardens). Permaculture gardens used lower-impact gardening practices. Findings have policy implications for environmental planning and management.     

Sustainable Agriculture is Humane,Humane Agriculture is Sustainable

Procedures that increase the sustainability of agriculture often result in animals being treated more humanely:both livestock in animal and mixed farming and wildlife in arable farming. Equally, procedures ensuring humane treatment of farm animals often increase sustainability, for example in disease control and manure management. This overlap between sustainability and humaneness is not coincidental. Both approaches can be said to be animal centered, to be based on the fact that animal production is primarily a biological process. Proponents of both will gain from recognition of commonality and development of cooperation. A collaborative approach to humane sustainable agriculture will benefit animals, people, and the environment.     

What Price Cheap Food?

This paper is the report of a meetingthat gathered many of the UK's most senioranimal scientists with representatives of thefarming industry, consumer groups, animalwelfare groups, and environmentalists. Therewas strong consensus that the current economicstructure of agriculture cannot adequatelyaddress major issues of concern to society:farm incomes, food security and safety, theneeds of developing countries, animal welfare,and the environment. This economic structure isbased primarily on competition betweenproducers and between retailers, driving foodprices down, combined with externalization ofmany costs. These issues must be addressed by acombination of legislation, restructuring ofthe market, and use of public funds. Themeeting included workshops that made otherrecommendations for research and education. Themost urgent requirement is recognition thatchange is needed and development of a visionfor what that change must achieve.