共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
2.
流域生态安全评估是人类社会发展与自然环境相互关系的研究热点,DPSIR模型作为一种在环境系统中广泛使用的评价指标体系概念模型,在构建、修正和规范水资源承载能力综合评价指标体系、水环境安全评价指标体系、区域环境可持续发展指标体系、流域农业生态安全评价指标体系等中广泛应用,是进行流域生态安全评估的有效工具。文章介绍了DPSIR模型特点及其发展和改进,综述了模型生态安全指标体系和评价技术方法的相关研究和该模型在流域生态安全评估中的研究进展,对该模型在流域生态安全评估中的应用进行了展望。 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
6.
战略环境评价指标体系框架研究——以流域规划为例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《规划环境影响评价技术导则》(试行)对规划环境影响评价的实践给出了指导,但作为规划环境评价对象之一的流域规划,该导则目前还没有给出其环境影响评价的指标体系。依照DPSIR框架的思路,初步建立了流域规划环境影响评价指标集。但DPSIR框架也不是很完善,因其对因果关系简化过多,难以了解复杂的现实因果关系,所以要达到真实的综合环境评价,需要对现实指标的关系进行深入的研究,需要改进DPSIR思路。 相似文献
7.
结合海岛生态系统的特点,根据海岛生态安全的概念,基于DPSIR模型建立了反映海岛生态系统自身完整性、健康性、对外服务性和不受威胁的海岛生态安全评价框架体系。采用熵权法确定指标权重并用纵横比较的方式综合分析长海县海岛生态安全。主要的特点有:一是将海岛生态安全内涵纳入DPSIR框架建立评价指标体系,保证了适用性和权威性;二是探索了静动结合的综合评价方法,反映了海岛生态安全的稳定性和发展性;三是综合考虑自然-经济-社会复合生态系统,分析了海岛生态安全的调控性和人类干扰性。按照2006--2010五年样本数据识别出长海县生态安全的关键因素。 相似文献
8.
9.
基于环境系统评价中广泛采用的"驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应"(DPSIR)模型,考虑工业园区复合生态系统的特点,提出了完整的工业园区生态化评价指标体系框架。结合工业园区生态化发展的要求,通过筛选制约我国工业园区生态化建设的主要指标,基于目标层-准则层-指标层的体系,构建了工业园区生态化评价指标体系。 相似文献
10.
基于DPSIR模型的天津滨海新区环境风险变化趋势分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
考虑区域环境污染事件的形成机制,根据驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应(DPSIR)模型框架,提出系统度量区域环境风险变化趋势的指标体系和评价模型,并对天津滨海新区工业化进程中突发性环境污染事件引发的环境风险变化趋势进行了评估. 结果表明:天津滨海新区2007,2015及2020年环境风险分别为0.487,0.508和0.367,分别处于警戒状态、较差状态和警戒状态,说明滨海新区环境风险形势比较严峻,需要进一步采取更有效的响应对策. 相似文献
11.
As pressures on coastal zones mount, there is a growing need for frameworks that can be used to conceptualize complex sustainability challenges and help organize research that increases understand about interacting ecological and societal processes, predicts change, and supports the management, persistence, and resilience of coastal systems. The Driver–Pressure–State–Impact–Response (DPSIR) framework is one such approach that has been adopted in some coastal zones around the world. Although the application of the DPSIR framework has considerable potential to bridge the gap between scientific disciplines and link science to coastal policy and management, current applications of DPSIR in coastal environments have been limited and new innovations in the application of the DPSIR model are needed. We conducted a structured review of literature on the DPSIR framework as applied to the function, process and components of complex coastal systems. Our specific focus was on how the DPSIR framework has been used as a tool to organize sophisticated empirical scientific research, support transdisciplinary knowledge at a level appropriate for building understanding about coastal systems, and how adopting a DPSIR approach can help stakeholders to articulate and structure challenges in coastal systems and use the framework to support policy and management outcomes. The review revealed that DPSIR models of coastal systems have been largely used to support and develop conceptual understanding of coastal social–ecological systems and to identify drivers and pressures in the coastal realm. A limited number of studies have used DPSIR as a starting point for semi-quantitative or quantitative analyses, although our review highlights the continued need for, and potential of, transformative quantitative analyses and transdisciplinary applications of the DPSIR framework. The DPSIR models we reviewed were predominantly single sector, encompassing ecological or biophysical factors or focusing primarily on socio-cultural dimensions rather than full integration of both types of information. Only in eight of 24 shortlisted articles did researchers actively engage decision-makers or citizens in their research: given the potential opportunity for using DPSIR as a tool to successfully engage policy-makers and stakeholders, it appears that the DPSIR framework has been under-utilized in this regard. 相似文献
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Decision making in the field of air quality and greenhouses gases reductions can nowadays be supported by a clear overall framework and by computer tools that integrate the most relevant aspects of the problem. This approach is particularly important at local scale since new general rules on emission abatement at European level can only marginally modify the most critical hotspots and may be very costly. This paper adapts the general Drivers, Pressures, State, Impacts, Responses (DPSIR) scheme proposed by the European Environment Agency to the specific case of local air quality policies and shows how the most recent scientific developments in impact evaluation and social acceptance can be integrated. The proposed decision framework represents a general methodology to design Integrated Assessment Modelling (IAM) systems aimed at the implementation of effective Air Quality Plans (AQP). An extensive survey across European countries shows the current degree of adoption of these approaches. 相似文献
17.
海岸带是世界上生产力和生物多样性最高的生境类型之一. 海岸带生境退化诊断技术研究是保护生态系统和近海生物资源的现实需求,将为海岸带环境管理提供有力的技术支撑. 以渤海湾海岸带为研究区域,基于驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应(DPSIR)框架模型,构建了渤海湾生境退化诊断的指标体系;采用层次分析法确定指标权重系数,对渤海湾海岸带生境退化进行了综合诊断和评价. 结果表明:相对于20世纪80年代,20多年来渤海湾海岸带的水质下降了1个等级,底质和滩涂栖息地下降了2个等级,入海物质对海岸带环境的压力提高了2个等级,海岸带生境的综合评价结果下降了1个等级. 相似文献