步入式高低温湿热试验箱的实现

主要介绍了步入式高低温湿热试验箱的实现方法,对其原理进行了较为细致的阐述。并对其主要组成部分进行了介绍。该试验箱为公路车辆和集装箱等大型设备安全有效地进行各类气候环境试验提供保障。     

环境试验箱温度性能不确定度的评定

本文探讨了依据环境试验箱的在温度校准时所得的数据来评定其温度性能不确定度的方法,该方法简单、可操作性强,为环境试验的质量控制提供了科学依据。     

两箱卧式平移温度冲击试验箱控制系统设计

设计了基于PLC和温度控制器的500 L两箱卧式平移温度冲击试验箱自动控制系统,该试验箱操作简单,稳定可靠,满足了温度冲击试验时的样品篮快速转换和温度快速恢复的工作要求,实现了试验箱的高低温冷热快速冲击的目的。     

行波管性能测试用试验箱的结构特点及其设计

介绍了一种专门用于行波管性能测试的试验箱的设计过程。在对试验箱结构特点进行分析的基础上,通过结构设计、制冷系统设计和控制系统设计,尤其在风道结构布局方面的创新设计,成功研制了该型试验箱,并在生产过程中得到了实际应用。     

文摘

叙述了能满足耐候性试验箱必要性能的加速、相关、操作性等要求的新的设计方案。介绍设计制作的新的加速耐候性试验机(由日本     

HB6783、GB/T5170在温湿度试验箱性能指标验收中的应用

本文简要介绍了环境与可靠性试验领域试验设备系列检定标准HB 6783、GB/T 5170。以本单位某型温湿度试验箱验收为例,详细介绍了HB 6783、GB/T 5170系列温湿度试验设备检定/检验标准在温湿度试验箱性能指标验收中的应用,通过对比应用总结,指出综合比较不同检定标准中温湿度性能指标的检定项目、方法,结合本单位产品试验需求应用,是制定温湿度试验箱性能指标验收方法的最佳途径。     

高低温湿热试验箱水路问题分析及改造方法研究

通过湿热试验过程中高低温湿热试验箱水路系统发生的故障现象,在深入分析了试验箱水路系统设计图的基础上,为有效提高装备试验工作的稳定性,提出了水路循环系统以及其电路控制部分的改造方法,对于优化试验箱水路系统设计有十分重要的指导意义。     

浅谈影响汽车内饰件自然曝露试验结果的若干因素

本文主要探讨了影响汽车内饰件自然曝露试验结果的若干因素,分析不同的箱体朝向、安装支架材料类型以及样品主曝露面安装高度对试验结果的影响.研究结果表明,试验箱自动太阳跟踪朝向较固定南向45°的试验效率更高;金属安装支架的热传导会造成试验样品附加温度上升,较木质材料接触安装的温度要高出5℃左右;试验样品主曝露面距离箱盖玻璃越...     

SRBⅢ交变湿热试验箱的性能和结构简述

本文介绍SRBIII变湿热试验箱的主要性能、特点和工作原理。该产品于1984年1月在天津通过设计定型鉴定。     

步入式高低温湿热试验箱技术要求的确定及论证

概述了步入式高低温湿热试验箱的主要技术指标、功能;分析了受试产品工程试验需求;叙述了技术指标及功能的论证确定过程和验收实测结果。供试验同行作技改项目的策划、选型、确定技术指标时参考。为确保试验箱的质量和可靠性,用户采取关键部件定牌和设置设计、验收控制节点的措施是十分有效的。     

采出水新型处理设备综述

介绍国外公司新开发的多种新型采出水处理设备的结构、性能和特点。这些新型的水处理设备投入生产后，使采出水水质得到提高并达到水质标准，其中有的设备已在国内油田引进，用于采出水处理，已经取得良好效果。     

汽车尾气排放与大气污染

随着汽车工业的迅猛发展,汽车在带给人们生活方便和快捷的同时,也给人类生存环境造成了污染。文章阐述了当前国内外汽车尾气排放污染现状,并详细介绍了汽车尾气中一氧化碳、氮氧化物、二氧化硫、碳氢化合物等有害物质以及所产生的臭气、噪声、二氧化碳等对环境及人体健康的危害。     

天然气脱硫回收工艺的职业病危害及防护措施

天然气中常含有硫化氢、一氧化碳和有机硫等酸性组分,酸性组分的存在会造成金属腐蚀、环境污染并进而危害人体健康等。文章简单介绍了天然气脱硫净化及硫磺回收工艺,重点对天然气生产过程中所产生的硫化氢、甲烷、硫磺、二氧化硫、一氧化碳、氮氧化物、噪声、高温等职业病危害因素进行了识别,分析并介绍了其影响及防护措施。     

遗传投影寻踪回归在城市环境质量评价中的应用

引入投影降维的思想,将遗传投影寻踪与回归分析技术运用到城市环境质量评价中。将此技术与神经网络方法进行实例比较,投影寻踪回归方法不但可以合理地作出环境质量的综合评价,而且消除了神经网络方法中类别判断不够精确的影响。     

Personalized Nutrition and Social Justice: Ethical Considerations Within Four Future Scenarios Applying the Perspective of Nussbaum’s Capabilities Approach

The idea of personalized nutrition (PN) is to give tailored dietary advice based on personal health-related data, i.e. phenotoype, genotype, or lifestyle. PN may be seen as part of a general trend towards personalised health care and currently various types of business models are already offering such services in the market. This paper explores ethical issues of PN by examining how PN services within the contextual environment of four future scenarios about health and nutrition in Europe might affect aspects of social justice according to Martha Nussbaum’s capability approach. The scenarios have been created by a mixed group of stakeholders and experts in three consecutive workshops. This resulted in the definition of four future scenarios within a scenario space consisting of two variables: the ‘logic of health care systems’ and ‘conception of health’. Within each scenario, PN is likely to play a more or less important role in improving health by influencing food consumption patterns in society. Nussbaum’s capability approach implies a concept of social justice as a function of a minimum standard of human dignity. This denotes an account for equality in terms of a minimum of entitlements. However, also the ability of achieving individual objectives is essential for social justice. Personalisation advice in health and food consumption patterns, as aimed for by PN, is therefore acceptable provided a minimum of entitlements is guaranteed to all members of a society, and at the same time freedom concerning personal preferences is respected. Potential variation of how different people might benefit from PN should therefore be consistent with the minimum required as defined by the list of capabilities.     

Heterogeneous preferences for recreation-oriented management in commercial forests: the role of citizens’ socioeconomic characteristics and recreational profiles

The management of forests for multiple benefits, such as recreational services alongside timber production, can greatly benefit from the knowledge of public preferences for management-related forest attributes. This paper investigates citizens’ recreational use and preferences for recreation-oriented management in the case of state-owned commercial forests in Finland using data from a choice experiment study. We focus on attributes related to the typical management practices applied to enhance recreation: scenic buffer zones along waters, game bird habitats, and the quality of scenery along hiking trails. Recreational use and its frequency were found to be related to citizens’ background and specific outdoor activities. The scenic buffer zones were the most important attribute to the citizens. While the recreation-enhancing practices were generally valued, respondent segments with distinct preferences were found. Preference heterogeneity was related to citizens’ socioeconomic characteristics and recreational profiles.     

Perspectives on wilderness: Re-examining the value of extended wilderness experiences

This paper presents results from the final phase of a ten-year research program dealing with the dynamics and the impacts of wilderness experiences. Although these data are from participants in shorter trips than those reported on previously, questionnaire data indicate that responses to the different trips were similar, and that responses from participants of different ages and sexes were also similar. Theoretical issues which emerged from earlier analyses of participants' journals are also re-examined in light of the current data. These earlier results had suggested that an individual's growing perceptual understanding of the surrounding wilderness environment was connected to a wide range of personal insights as well as other psychological benefits. Results from the current data concur with this finding. Furthermore, contrary to alternative hypotheses, feelings of control over the environment were not evident either in the original data or in the current participants' journals. These data suggest that an alternative stance, described as feeling ‘at one with’ or ‘part of’ the environment, is more frequent and is generalized to nonwilderness surroundings. Other categories of individual response which complement this non-dominant environmental orientation are also documented in the current data.     

Capacity building for food justice in England: the contribution of charity-led community food initiatives

This paper discusses the extent to which charity-led initiatives can contribute to capacity building for food justice in England. The paper draws on evaluations of two projects run by the charity Garden Organic: the Master Gardener Programme, operating a network of volunteers who mentor households, schools and community groups to support local food growing, and the Sowing New Seeds programme, which engages “Seed Stewards” to work with communities to encourage the growing and cooking of “exotic” crops. Based on qualitative data about peoples’ motivations for participation and the benefits that are experienced, we interpret these projects as examples of capacity building for food justice. We suggest that whilst currently depoliticised, the “quiet” process of reskilling and awareness raising that occurs through shared gardening projects could have transformative potential for people’s relationship with food. Finally, we use our findings to raise critical questions and propose future research about food justice concepts and practices.     

Hierarchical modeling of seed variety yields and decision making for future planting plans

Eradicating hunger and malnutrition is a key development goal of the twenty first century. This paper addresses the problem of optimally identifying seed varieties to reliably increase crop yield within a risk-sensitive decision making framework. Specifically, a novel hierarchical machine learning mechanism for predicting crop yield (the yield of different seed varieties of the same crop) is introduced. This prediction mechanism is then integrated with a weather forecasting model and three different approaches for decision making under uncertainty to select seed varieties for planting so as to balance yield maximization and risk. The model was applied to the problem of soybean variety selection given in the 2016 Syngenta Crop Challenge. The prediction model achieved a median absolute error of 235 kg/ha and thus provides good estimates for input into the decision models. The decision models identified the selection of soybean varieties that appropriately balance yield and risk as a function of the farmer’s risk aversion level. More generally, the models can support farmers in decision making about which seed varieties to plant.     

基于PLC的冷却系统自整定模糊控制研究

在机载产品地面试验过程中需要为其提供相应的冷却环境,可在受试产品发生改变时,制冷设备在传统控制算法下往往无法维持较为理想的控制结果,需要重新人工整定控制参数。为解决此问题,研究了基于PLC的冷却系统自整定模糊控制方法,该方法可在PLC内编写系统参数累加辨识程序,从而计算得到系统的模型参数以及初始控制参数,再通过模糊控制器对该参数进行实时整定。试验表明该控制方法可以对系统参数进行自动辨识,辨识结果能够反映模拟负载的功率变化趋势,控制结果无明显超调及稳态误差。将该方法应用于液冷机组,可以在被冷却对象发生较大变化时重新辨识控制器参数,免去人工进行参数调试的工序,加强了设备的通用性,获得良好的控制结果。