广西凭祥地区金矿床地质地球化学特征研究

凭祥地区金矿床受断层构造与酸性火山岩的双重控制。围岩蚀变为黄铁矿化、绢云母化、硅化等。矿床的形成经历了两个成矿期 :热液成矿期与表生氧化期。热液成矿期金由热液迁移至围岩 ,被黄铁矿与毒砂吸附。表生氧化期黄铁矿与毒砂氧化形成氧化铁矿物 ,金被吸附到氧化铁矿物之上得到富集。对矿化岩石与围岩的微量元素与稀土元素分析结果表明 ,本区金矿以Au As Sb Hg组合为特征 ,As是金的找矿指示元素。根据金矿床的矿物组合与微量元素特征以及矿床地质条件推测 ,本区金矿床属低温热液矿床 ,形成时代为燕山期。     

东南沿海火山岩区地质找矿科技工作新进展

本文介绍东南沿海火山岩区新—轮地质找矿科研工作阶段性成果一基本查明下扬子亚板块和华夏亚板块基底杂岩的差异、基底性质和成因以及地壳生长过程；总结了政和一大埔断裂带变形变质特征及其演化模式；分析并类比了主要构造—成矿区（带）控制区域成矿的地质条件．并以实际资料为依据提出了一批效矿靶区；新编了1：100万东南沿海地质图：建立了适合于储存中、大型矿床以及矿点地质信息的数据库．     

变质碎屑岩型金矿床的成矿模式及找矿方向

变质碎屑岩型金矿床是我国目前最有前景的金矿类型之一。本文针对我国较重要的变质碎屑岩金矿床的地质、地球化学、有机地球化学等特征，详细讨论了该类矿床的成矿机理。最后，以黄金洞金矿床为例，讨论了该类矿床的成矿模式及找矿方向。     

福建省永定山口钼矿区地质特征及成因

福建省永定山口钼矿区圈出工业矿体4个,产于闪长玢岩体内,受东西向断裂控制.主要蚀变类型为磁铁矿化、黄铁矿化、绿泥石化、硅化、绢云母化、钾化等.金属矿以辉钼矿、磁铁矿、黄铁矿为主.矿床地质特征与斑岩型钼矿类似,为斑岩型钼矿.结合山口钼矿的成矿特征,提出区内钼矿的找矿前景.     

浙江龙游溪口地区硫铁矿床成矿规律与找矿潜力

浙江龙游溪口大型硫铁矿田位于江山—绍兴拼合带南东侧,余姚—丽水深大断裂北西侧,由牛角湾、溪口、灵山等数个大中型矿床组成,是浙江省岩浆热液型硫铁矿床的典型代表。矿体赋存在沐尘岩体(石英二长岩)内外接触带中,呈密集脉状产出,受北北东向、北东向及帚状断裂构造控制。矿床形成于晚白垩世,成矿物质主要来源于岩体,部分来自八都岩群堑头岩组变质岩,属岩浆期后热液矿床。在系统分析矿床成矿地质背景、矿床地质特征基础上,总结矿床成矿规律,建立成矿模式。运用矿床综合模型地质信息预测法圈定最小预测区,并用地质体积法估算溪口地区潜在资源量。定量预测结果表明,矿床外围及深部仍有一定的找矿前景。     

寻找热液变质带的岩石水测定法

<正> 众所周知,岩石变质作用是各种成因矿床的重要找矿标志。用传统方法来查明云英岩化、绢云母化、夕卡岩化和高岭土化等围岩蚀变既费钱又费时,并且还不能发现那些微弱的变质作用。然而,正是这些微弱的蚀变远离矿床中心分布,它们构成了容易被发现的、大规     

论武夷山地区铜锡金银多金属找矿主攻方向

长期地质矿产勘查和研究，武夷山地区已取得了许多成果和突破。新一轮国土资源大调查提出了更高要求，主攻矿床类型和矿田（靶区）等应首先确定，进而合理部署，才能取得新的成果和突破。本文将该区矿床分为：岩控、层控、构控及复控等类型，在成矿、分布规律研究基础上．经综合分析和统计，提出该区主攻矿床类型为岩控特别足斑岩型及其成矿体系，成矿时代为燕山期特别是燕山晚期，主攻矿田（靶区）为红山—小照、梅州—蕉岭、紫金山—龙江亭、锡坑迳—凤凰岽、冷水坑、银坑—窑背．其次为龙岩—永定、珊城、枫山埠和广昌—建宁等铜锡金银多金属矿田（靶区）。这对揭示该区成矿规律、部署国土资源大调查有重要理论和实践指导意义。     

江西九瑞地区晚石炭世威宁期沉积相及其对块状硫化物矿床的控制作用

江西九江—瑞昌地区内有经济价值的铁铜硫多金属块状硫化物矿床,层控、岩控特点极为明显。矿层均赋存在石炭系黄龙组下部碎屑岩段与白云岩段之间。这一决非偶然的地质现象引起了广大矿床学家的兴趣,对这类矿床的成因认识已由传统的岩浆期后热液成矿理论转向沉积或(火山)喷气沉积成矿论(孟宪民1964,徐克勤1982,李文达1985,王文斌1985)。既然矿床形成与沉积有关,对沉积作用、沉积相的研究也就势在必行了。近年笔者在该地区     

江西省万载县野猫冲铜矿控矿构造特征及找矿意义

江西省万载县野猫冲铜矿床为中低温热液(成矿流体)沿构造破碎带蚀变-蚀变岩型铜矿床。在地表地质调查、钻孔岩芯考察及岩矿鉴定的基础上,对野猫冲铜矿控矿构造进行详细研究,表明北东东向大型叠瓦状推(滑)覆构造控制矿区内各地质单元的延深与展布,北东向韧性剪切变形带控制矿区铜金矿体的展布,矿体呈似层状赋存于韧性剪切断裂之间的次级层间破碎带和小断裂带内,带内发育较强的动热变质,硅化、绢云母化和绿泥石化发育。矿石以黄铜矿为主,贫硫,成矿流体具有多期次的活动、叠加改造的特点。上栗-潭埠-宜丰断裂带自西至东已发现20余处铜多金属矿床(点),显示该带具有巨大找矿潜力。     

新疆马热勒铁金矿床特征及其流体成矿作用

马热勒铁金矿床产于中泥盆统北塔山组安山岩和安山质凝灰岩间的韧性剪切带中。矿体呈脉状 ,主要为蚀变岩和含金石英脉。矿石由黄铁矿、黄铜矿、方铅矿、黝铜矿、自然金、银金矿、毒砂、辉铋矿、磁铁矿、石英、绢云母、绿泥石、方解石等矿物组成 ,围岩蚀变有硅化、碳酸盐化、黄铁矿化和绢云母化。金矿成矿主要经历黄铁矿—石英—金、石英—金属硫化物—金、石英—碳酸盐—金三个阶段。成矿物质主要来源于中泥盆统北塔山组含金建造。流体包裹体研究显示 ,成矿温度为 16 0℃～ 2 80℃ ,成矿压力为 (73.4～ 12 1.9)× 10 5Pa ,成矿时成矿流体pH为 4 .2 0～ 5 .0 1,呈酸性 ,Eh为 - 0 .6 6～ - 0 .4 5eV ,属还原环境 ;流体为Na+ —Ca2 + —HCO3 -—Cl-型体系和Na+ —Ca2 + —HCO3 -—SO42 -—Cl-型体系的酸性—弱酸性流体 ,流体中成矿物质金主要以[AuCl2 ]-、[Au(HS) 2 ]0 等络合物形式存在并运移 ;流体的溶液来自岩石建造水、古大气降水及变质水组成的混合水。区域构造应力作用、成矿流体环境物理化学条件的改变、古大气水不断加入、成矿流体与围岩的蚀变反应等引起成矿流体周围一系列环境物理化学条件的变化 ,是马热勒铁金矿床成矿的关键     

青春 责任 梦想 行动 2015年千名青年环境友好使者夏令营侧记

<正>"我们处在世界正在发生重大变革的时代,中国也正在实现着民族伟大复兴的关键时刻。青年人要承担什么责任?""我们应该团结更多的青年人,向全社会积极宣传环保理念,保护我们共同生存的家园。"一名青年使者刚刚回答完贾峰主任的问题,全场响起的是掌声——雷鸣般的掌声!8月17日,2015年"千名青年环境友好使者夏令营"在成都市温江区正式开营。环境保护部宣传教育中心主任贾峰亲临现场,并为青年学子们讲授了热情     

Asbeste Arten,Entstehung, Bedeutung,Problematik

Types of asbestos are distinguished not only by structure, chemical compositon, shape of aggregates, and length and quality of fibers, but also by its formation. Though consisting of quite common elements, deposits are formed only under very special conditions. Its unique combination of properties has created over 3000 fields of application (about 70% in asbestos cement). Great efforts have been made to substitute all types of asbestos by harmless, similarly cheap and versatile synthetic fibers, owing to the unquestioned carcinogenic properties of all asbestos dusts. However, development of such fibers has not made any remarkable progress until recently. Consequently risk to workers in mining and manufactoring, consumers, outsiders, and the environment should be kept as low as possible by intensifying precautions and diminishing emissions.     

Effect of CaO on retention of S, Cl, Br, As, Mn, V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, W and Pb in bottom ashes from fluidized-bed coal combustion power station

This work was conducted to evaluate whether Ca-bearing additives used during coal combustion can also help with the retention of some other elements. This work was focused on the evaluation of bottom ashes collected during four full-scale combustion tests at an operating thermal fluidized-bed power station. Bottom ashes were preferred to fly ashes for the study to avoid interference from condensation processes usually occurring in the post-combustion zone. This work focused on the behaviors of S, Cl, Br, As, Mn, V, Cr, Ni, Cu,Zn, W, and Pb. Strong positive correlations with CaO content in bottom ashes were observed（for all four combustion tests） for S, As, Cl and Br（R = 0.917-0.999）. Strong inverse proportionality was calculated between the contents of Pb, Zn, Ni, Cr and Mn and CaO, so these elements showed association to materials other than Ca-bearing compounds（e.g., to aluminosilicates, organic matter, etc.）. Somewhat unclear behaviors were observed for W, Cu, and V. Their correlation coefficients were evaluated as statistically ＂not significant＂, i.e., these elements were not thought to be significantly associated with CaO. It was also discovered that major enrichment of CaO in the finest bottom ash fractions could be advantageously used for simple separation of elements strongly associated with these fractions, mainly S and As, but also Cl or Br. Removal of5% of the finest ash particles brings about a decrease in As concentration down to 77%-80% of its original bulk ash content, which can be conveniently used e.g., when high As content complicates further ash utilization.     

珊瑚钨锡矿硅质尾矿中Cd、As、Zn、F富集迁移及环境污染

硅质尾矿在释放中性矿山废水(NMD)时所伴生的多元素复合污染问题值得重视。本文以桂东北珊瑚矿尾矿作为研究对象,通过分析该尾矿的组构、元素富集及迁移特性,筛选出主要污染元素,并探讨尾矿胶结层对元素富集迁移的影响。结果表明:(1)该尾矿中Cd、As、Zn及F富集程度较高、可交换态含量(易迁移释放量)较大,是主要的污染元素,而Cu、Pb、Tl产生污染的可能性较小;(2)胶结层对重金属具有再富集作用,但其对可交换态Cd、As(Tl)再富集明显,而对可交换态Cu、Pb、Zn再富集则不明显。胶结层中次生伊利石、石膏等胶结物趋向于吸附富集活性可交换态Cd、As。这表明该尾矿可能迁移释放出含Cd、As浓度较高的NMD。研究表明,硅质尾矿风化释出NMD的同时,可能伴生Cd、As、Zn等重金属以及F的复合污染。     

Algorithmen,gehirne, computer

In order to say something substantial about the fundamental limits of machines (especially of computers) and of human calculations, we must explicate the concept of algorithm. Such an explication is provided by the Turing machine. Thus, problems have been discovered which cannot be solved algorithmically. For other problems there are problem-solving procedures, but no elegant algorithms. That men are fundamentally superior to machines has not been shown as yet.     

意大利的金枪鱼、箭鱼、鸬鹚以及家燕等体内的多氯萘、多氯联苯、多氯二苯-p-二恶英、多氯二苯并呋喃以及p,p''''-DDE

我们曾对从意大利收集的金枪鱼、箭鱼、普通鸬鹚以及家燕体内的p,p'-DDE、多氯联苯同类物(PCBs)、多氯二苯-p-二恶英(PCDDs)、多氯二苯并呋喃(PCDFs)以及多氯萘(PCNs)浓度进行过测量.     

The monitoring,Evaluation, reporting,verification, and certification of energy-efficiency projects

In this paper, we present an overview of guidelinesdeveloped for the monitoring, evaluation, reporting,verification, and certification (MERVC) ofenergy-efficiency projects for climate changemitigation. The monitoring and evaluation ofenergy-efficiency projects is needed to determine moreaccurately their impact on greenhouse gas (GHG)emissions and other attributes, and to ensure that theglobal climate is protected and that countryobligations are met. Reporting, verification andcertification will be needed for addressing therequirements of the Kyoto Protocol. While the cost ofmonitoring and evaluation of energy-efficiencyprojects is expected to be about 5–10% of a project'sbudget, the actual cost of monitoring and evaluationwill vary depending on many factors, including thelevel of precision required for measuring energy andGHG reductions, type of project, and amount of fundingavailable.