轴流风机中低频噪声治理

通过研究2K58-28型轴流风机的噪声问题，阐述了建消声塔形成共振腔及采用软隔声装置等办法解决中、低频噪声治理难题。     

增压站低频噪声识别与控制

目的解决天然气增压站低频噪声严重的问题,识别低频噪声源,并对低频噪声加以控制。方法结合压缩机组的实际工作情况及结构,首先利用频谱及1/3倍频程分析增压站机组的振动和噪声特性,初步确定压缩站机组低频噪声与机组振动的关系,进一步利用相干函数分析法分析振动与低频噪声的相干关系,判定低频噪声并不是由振动主要引起的。结果机组的主要噪声源为冷却器和压缩缸的进排气管,低频噪声污染主要是由于机组周期性吸排气时,管道和机组壁投射出的空气动力性噪声所造成的,而机组振源的剧烈振动不是产生低频噪声污染的主要原因。进排气管可产生高达80 d B(A)的全频带噪声,其中包含声压级可高达100 dB的次声,尤其以频率11 Hz和17 Hz为主,并且传播距离远,通透力强,对人员和环境危害大。结论首先依据进排气管为主要噪声源,其次结合压缩站实际情况,从压缩器机组整体的降噪设计及厂房治理的降噪设计两部分考虑提出相应的改进措施,从而为机组的降噪提供有效的方法。     

水泵房环境低频噪声影响及防治初探

低频噪声在社会生活噪声中所占比例日益增大,其影响受到人们广泛的关注进而遭到投诉。通过对许多产生低频噪声的设备进行频谱分析发现：这些设备,如水泵等,噪声明显呈低频特性;当我们用II型噪声测量仪测出的Leq值一般都能达标,但用I型设备对此进行频谱分析时,大多都超标,特别是夜晚超标比较严重。     

低频噪声环境监测有关民生问题的探讨

主要对低频噪声的危害、相关监测依据进行了简述,同时结合一些实例,对于低频噪声污染的监测方法及数据难以评价进行了一些探讨。     

低频噪声监测过程中有关问题探讨

主要对低频噪声监测过程中遇到的一些问题进行了一些探讨,并相应提出了有关问题的看法和建议。     

城市居住区设备噪声频率特性分析

在对杭州市噪声污染影响进行调查的基础上,选择典型的居住区配套设备噪声源进行分析,选取供电系统、地下车库、电梯设备、供热系统、排水供水系统、空调设备和通风系统中的12种典型噪声源,采用VS302USB双通道实时分析仪调试并记录以上设备正常运转状态的数字声信号.此外,通过声信号处理分析这些噪声源的频谱及低、中、高频段的能量比率.结果表明,各声源最大声压级所在频段以低频段最多(12种典型噪声中9种),最大能量分布频段也是以低频段最多(12种典型噪声中的7种),因而低频噪声已经成为居住区中影响最大的噪声源.     

水泵船噪声处理

该水泵船结构是横骨架式,四台抽水泵置于甲板上,甲板板厚5mm,水泵基座中心线偏离甲板纵桁250mm,因而工作时振动大,噪声污染严重。一、水泵船噪声产生机理抽水泵置于甲板上,电动机带动抽水泵,电机轴与水泵轴的同心度偏差,激发出     

低频环境噪声对思维判断能力的干扰影响

选取了3种典型的城市居住区设备低频噪声实样和声学仪器产生的白噪声,使用剂量作业法,分别测定了播放噪声和无噪声干扰2种环境下,被试者的思维能力指数(AYP)和错误率.研究结果显示,在噪声干扰的条件下,多数被试者的AYP较无噪声干扰时有所下降,错误率上升,二者差异显著.多数被试人员在3种噪声实样对比组中的平均AYP和错误率变化较白噪声的对比组中较明显,其中AYP差异达显著水平.由此认为低频成份是影响思维能力的主要频率成份.配对t检验和对实录样本的频谱分析结果表明,室外空调机噪声样本的影响程度最大,表明峰值频率在50～300 Hz频率段的低频环境噪声比其他噪声负面影响更大.     

通过控制机舱噪声降低风电场噪声影响

首次对投运的国产某典型风电机组机舱混响时间、舱壁隔声量、舱壁振动、舱内噪声特性、既有隔振器隔振效果等进行了详细测试分析,结合风电场附近最近居民点处噪声污染现状及达标要求,并考虑工程措施的重要性和实施难度,有针对性依次设计阻尼减振和隔声、消声、吸声及隔振等4类工程措施.在只实施前2类措施情况下,在临近切出风速(12m/s)条件下,对降噪效果进行了实测.结果表明,机舱正下方地面处A声级下降约4dB,居民点处A声级下降约3dB,居民点处声环境质量达到GB3096-2008中的1类声环境功能区夜间标准.     

Indoor/outdoor relationships of airborne ionic substances: Comparison of electronic equipment room and factory environments

In previous work, the indoor and outdoor airborne concentrations and indoor surface accumulation rates of ionic substances contained in fine (<2.5) and coarse (2.5–15 μm) particles were determined for low-occupancy electronic equipment rooms. This work has now been extended to an electronic equipment manufacturing environment.Comparison of indoor and outdoor concentrations at the manufacturing facility for both fine and coarse particles show substantially different behavior from that seen for the electronic equipment rooms.As was found previously, the dominant species in fine particles are ammonium and sulfate, which closely track each other. Their indoor and outdoor concentrations also track, but the indoor/outdoor ratios are larger by a factor of 4–5 than those found for the electronic equipment rooms. Sodium shows tracking behavior similar to ammonium and sulfate and its indoor/outdoor ratio is also large. Other ions in fine particles show elevated indoor/outdoor ratios for some sampling intervals and tracking is not evident, thought it may be masked by the large fractional error associated with species with low concentrations. There is no dominant species in the coarse fraction. Sodium and chloride track each other strongly indoors and outdoors and the indoor and outdoor concentrations of each track closely. Potassium, as well as chloride, exhibit indoor/outdoor ratios that are sometimes much larger than 1.Modelling of indoor/outdoor relationships using a mass-balance model has shown that indoor concentrations can be accurately predicted from outdoor concentrations for species with no indoor sources. The model also shows that the source generation rates for fine and coarse particles indoors range from 0 to 6.6 and 2.3 to 5.8 mg min⁻¹, respectively, for a room with a volume of 6336m³.