乡镇环保所：给县区环保一个减压提效的平台

近年来,山东、浙江、江苏等沿海经济发达地区。纷纷加强乡镇环保工作机构建设,将环保工作的触角延伸,重心下沉,做到横向到边、纵向到底,让乡镇环保所成为环保局的“派出所”、“前沿哨”。将环境监管前移至最基层,使环保工作有了最基层的执法机构,将其人员编制、经费、职能等均纳入县环保部门统一管理,探索出一条建立乡镇环境管理长效机制的必由之路,进而从根本上实现了维护环境安全、保障群众环境权益的预期。     

盛世六十年 安徽环保的发展与变迁：百姓眼中的环保——吴功胜：厨房越来越洁净了

六十年风雨兼程,六十年坎坷艰辛,六十年腾飞发展,六十年光辉足迹。 抚昔追今．在几代人不懈努力下,中国环境保护经历了从小到大、由弱到强的发展历程。时值共和国六十华诞来临之际,本刊特邀几位安微环境保护的参与者和见证者．共同回忆和叙述了60年来环保事业的发展与变迁,畅谈环境保护事业的辉煌成就。     

大爱菜子湖:协会发动社区共建候鸟天堂

2012年12月26日,记者来到位于安庆市宜秀区罗岭镇姥山村的菜子湖,在安庆市菜子湖湿地生态旅游协会理事长王三益带领下,扛上带支架的高倍远视镜,深入菜子湖候鸟栖息核心区域观鸟。鸟类天堂叹为观止伴着冬日暖阳向湖心进发,在泛着淡淡鱼腥和芳草幽香的阵阵清风吹拂下,踏在广袤肥沃富含水分的湿地     

洞庭湖区生态环境的问题与治理对策

在广泛、深入调查的基础上,分析了洞庭湖区生态环境的主要问题,并提出了治理对策。     

青海湖生态环境恶化现状及原因分析

文章通过立足青海湖流域生态现状实地考察及相关资料的研究,阐述了湖区生态环境恶化的趋势,通过综合分析得出湖区生态环境恶化的原因是由气候、人为活动等因素共同作用的结果。其中气候暖干化是引起湖水下降、湿地萎缩的主要因素;人为活动则是引起草场退化、土地沙化以及生物多样性遭破坏的主要因素。     

Shifting Priorities at the Department of Energy's Bomb Factories: Protecting Human and Ecological Health

More than 50 years of research, development, manufacture, and testing of nuclear weapons at Department of Energy (DOE) sites has left a legacy of on-site contamination that often spreads to surrounding areas. Despite substantial cleanup budgets in the last decade, the DOE's top-to-bottom review team concluded that relatively little actual cleanup has been accomplished, although milestones have been met and work packages completed. Rather than solely use regulatory constraints to direct cleanup, many people have suggested that human and ecological health should guide long-term stewardship goals of DOE-managed sites. The main questions are how ecological and human health considerations should be applied in deciding the extent of cleanup that contaminated sites should receive and how near-term and longer run considerations of costs and benefits should be balanced as cleanup decisions are made. One effort to protect ecological integrity is the designation of the largest sites as National Environmental Research Parks (NERPs). Recently, the Competitive Enterprise Institute (CEI) suggested isolating and conserving DOE sites as a policy priority because of their rich ecological diversity. A more effective long-term stewardship approach for former nuclear weapons complex sites may emerge if the guiding principles are to (1) reduce risks to human and ecological health, (2) protect cultural traditions, and (3) lower short- and long-term cleanup and remediation costs. A “net benefits” perspective that takes both near- and longer-term costs and consequences into account can help illuminate the trade-offs between expensive cleanup in the near term and the need to assure long-term protection of human health, cultural values, and high levels of biodiversity and ecological integrity that currently exist at many DOE sites.     

徽文化对发展"两山一湖"旅游区的影响

通过个案比较分析了“两山一湖”旅游区的旅游经济效益,探讨了“两山一湖”旅游区徽文化现存旅游资源区域效应,由此得出了“两山一湖”旅游区文化资源丰富但未充分开发,目前处于旅游资源优势与经济效益劣势共存的结论。最后阐述了充分开发徽文化旅游资源对“两山一湖”旅游区旅游业发展的积极作用。     

Environment and industrialization in Puerto Rico: disenfranchising the people

This paper explores the effects of industrialization policy on environmental regulation in Puerto Rico, focusing on implementation of the Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) review process. Adopted in 1970, the EIS process has been transformed to pave the way for extensive use of a concise, alternative mechanism for analysing project environmental impacts, one with less opportunity for public input. This policy shift, virtually replacing the full‐scale EIS, occurred as a way to mediate the conflict between environmental policy and industrialization policy. Formal public participation in environmental decision‐making became the target of reform by the Puerto Rican Government because it perceived that public review was interfering with the location of industry.     

Finfish Aquaculture: Animal Welfare, the Environment, and Ethical Implications

The aim of this review is to assess the ethical implications of finfish aquaculture, regarding fish welfare and environmental aspects. The finfish aquaculture industry has grown substantially the last decades, both as a result of the over-fishing of wild fish populations, and because of the increasing consumer demand for fish meat. As the industry is growing, a significant amount of research on the subject is being conducted, monitoring the effects of aquaculture on the environment and on animal welfare. The areas of concern when it comes to animal welfare have here been divided into four different stages: breeding period; growth period; capturing and handling; and slaughter. Besides these stages, this report includes a chapter on the current evidence of fish sentience, since this issue is still being debated among biologists. However, most biologists are at present acknowledging the probability of fish being sentient creatures. Current aquaculture practices are affecting fish welfare during all four of the cited stages, both on physical and mental levels, as well as on the ability of fish to carry out natural behaviors. The effect fish farming has on the environment is here separated into five different categories: the decline of wild fish populations; waste and chemical discharge; loss of habitat; spreading of diseases; and invasion of exotic organisms. There is evidence of severe negative effects on the environment when looking at these five categories, even when considering the difficulty of studying environmental effects, due to the closely interacting variables. The ethical arguments and scientific evidences here reviewed have not all come to the same conclusions. Nevertheless, the general agreement is that current aquaculture practices are neither meeting the needs of fish nor environment. Thus, the obvious environmental and animal welfare aspects of finfish aquaculture make it hard to ethically defend a fish diet.     

Herd no More: Livestock Husbandry Policies and the Environment in Israel

Livestock production in both industrial systems, where livestock are packed tightly together, and in highly traditional systems, where a shepherd follows her herd in dispersed rangelands, are cited as key contributors in some of the most acute environmental problems around the globe. Israel is one of the few countries where both of these systems exist, with surprisingly little contact between them. The environmental impact of the sectors were examined along with Israel’s public policies in the field. While historically, much attention has been placed on the contribution of the Bedouin pastoralists to desertification and erosion, this may be linked to historic misapprehension about actual impacts of goats on local rangelands as well as political motivations and concerns about losing national sovereignty over large areas of rangelands. The true environmental effects appear to be minor. A far more critical concern is water pollution caused by the industrial sector of livestock production—an issue that recently has attracted considerable government attention and investment in a successful dairy infrastructure initiative. The divisions between governmental supports for the Jewish and Arab sectors of livestock management are inconsistent with efficient environmental management. Policies should be designed to encourage Bedouin to find ways to sustainably continue their traditional livestock husbandry practises, which today are largely associated with ecological benefits and constitute a unique cultural asset for Israel and the world.     

Interaction Between the Environment and Animals in Urban Settings: Integrated and Participatory Planning

In urban ecosystems, the ecological system has become completely unbalanced; this, in turn, has led to an increase in well-known problems such as air pollution, ground pollution, and water pollution. This imbalance has also led to the growth and spread of pathogens harmful to man, animals, and plants. Urban sustainability indicators, both global and local, also “indicate” the percentage of population, but these refer only to the human population, not the animal population. Cities need good waste, water, and air management, effective traffic planning, and good zoning of businesses, crafts, and services; over and above these activities, cities also need for planning to take into account the existence of pets (dogs, cats, and etc.) and nonpet animals (insects, birds, mice, etc.). Cities tend to be designed around humans and “on a human scale,” without taking into account the fact that a huge animal population is living side by side with people. That explains why overcrowding tends to go hand in hand with urbanization; all these populations, including humans, need to adapt to new spaces and often need to drastically change their behavior. This is a fact that must be included when drafting sustainable city plans. The supposed strategy is that of “integrated-participatory” control of the interactions between the environment and animals in the cities. Strategy will focus on the development of integrated approaches and tools for environment and animal management in the context of urban settings. This will require such specific methods as ecological balance sheets and ecoplans for the planning, management, and control of the interrelation among environment, animal, and public health. The objective is to develop a better understanding of urban biodiversity and of urban ecosystem functioning, in order to understand and minimize the negative impacts of human activities on them. The research will focus on assessing and forecasting changes in urban biodiversity, structure, function, and dynamics of urban ecosystems, with relationships among society, economy, biodiversity, and habitats.