共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 24 毫秒
1.
粒状活性炭厌氧生物再生初探 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
吸附有苯酚的粒状活性炭间歇厌氧生物再生试验结果表明，厌氧生物再生可以部分恢复活性炭活性。当活性炭苯酚吸附量为６．２４ｍｇ／ｇ时经７ｄ再生，酚值再生率为８１．６％；当活性炭苯酚吸附量为１３７ｍｇ／ｇ时，经１５５ｈ再生，酚值再生率为７４．５％，碘值再生率为５４．１％。 相似文献
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Zhimin Qiang Yaoyao Kang Junfeng Lian Yichun Zhu Zuwen Liu Wentao Li Huiyu Dong Yuanyue Wang Jinfeng Zeng 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(6):139-149
Granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration can be employed to synchronously quench residual H2O2 from the upstream UV/H2O2 process and further degrade dissolved organic matter (DOM). In this study, rapid small-scale column tests (RSSCTs) were performed to clarify the mechanisms underlying the interactions between H2O2 and DOM during the GAC-based H2O2 quenching process. It was observed that GAC can catalytically decompose H2O2, with a long-lasting high efficiency (>80% for approximately 50,000 empty-bed volumes). DOM inhibited GAC-based H2O2 quenching via a pore-blocking effect, especially at high concentrations (10 mg/L), with the adsorbed DOM molecules being oxidized by the continuously generated ·OH; this further deteriorated the H2O2 quenching efficiency. In batch experiments, H2O2 could enhance DOM adsorption by GAC; however, in RSSCTs, it deteriorated DOM removal. This observation could be attributed to the different ·OH exposure in these two systems. It was also observed that aging with H2O2 and DOM altered the morphology, specific surface area, pore volume, and the surface functional groups of GAC, owing to the oxidation effect of H2O2 and ·OH on the GAC surface as well as the effect of DOM. Additionally, the changes in the content of persistent free radicals in the GAC samples were insignificant following different aging processes. This work contributes to enhancing understanding regarding the UV/H2O2-GAC filtration scheme, and promoting the application in drinking water treatment. 相似文献
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膜与活性炭组合工艺处理天然水的研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
活性炭吸附作为膜分离技术处理天然水的预处理,可以有效去除水中膜本身难以去除的低分子溶解性有机物,减少三卤甲烷等物的生成,同时减轻膜的污染。阐述了活性炭和膜技术组合工艺处理天然水的研究进展。 相似文献
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Hao Fu Xuebing Li Jun Wang Pengfei Lin Chao Chen Xiaojian Zhang I.H. 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2017,29(6):145-152
The extensive use of antibiotics has led to their presence in the aquatic environment, and introduces potential impacts on human and ecological health. The capability of powdered activated carbon(PAC) to remove six frequently used quinolone(QN) antibiotics during water treatment was evaluated to improve drinking water safety. The kinetics of QN adsorption by PAC was best described by a pseudo second-order equation, and the adsorption capacity was well described by the Freundlich isotherm equation. Isotherms measured at different p H showed that hydrophobic interaction, electrostatic interaction,and π–π dispersion force were the main mechanisms for adsorption of QNs by PAC. A p H-dependent isotherm model based on the Freundlich equation was developed to predict the adsorption capacity of QNs by PAC at different p H values. This model had excellent prediction capabilities under different laboratory scenarios. Small relative standard derivations(RSDs), i.e., 0.59%–0.92% for ciprofloxacin and 0.09%–3.89% for enrofloxacin,were observed for equilibrium concentrations above the 0.3 mg/L level. The RSDs increased to 11.9% for ciprofloxacin and 32.1% for enrofloxacin at μg/L equilibrium levels, which is still acceptable. This model could be applied to predict the adsorption of other chemicals having different ionized forms. 相似文献
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Qian Zhao Hongjun Han Baolin Hou Haifeng Zhuang Shengyong Ji Fang Fang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2014,26(11):2231-2239
A system combining granular activated carbon and powdered activated carbon technologies along with shortcut biological nitrogen removal （GAC-PACT-SBNR） was developed to enhance total nitrogen （TN） removal for anaerobically treated coal gasification wastewater with less need for external carbon resources. The TN removal efficiency in SBNR was significantly improved by introducing the effluent from the GAC process into SBNR during the anoxic stage, with removal percentage increasing from 43.8%49.6% to 68.8%-75.8%. However, the TN removal rate decreased with the progressive deterioration of GAC adsorption. After adding activated sludge to the GAG compartment, the granular carbon had a longer service-life and the demand for external carbon resources became lower. Eventually, the TN removal rate in SBNR was almost constant at approx. 43.3%, as compared to approx. 20.0% before seeding with sludge. In addition, the production of some alkalinity during the denitrification resulted in a net savings in alkalinity requirements for the nitrification reaction and refractory chemical oxygen demand （COD） degradation by autotrophic bacteria in SBNR under oxic conditions. PACT showed excellent resilience to increasing organic loadings. The microbial community analysis revealed that the PACT had a greater variety of bacterial taxons and the dominant species associated with the three compartments were in good agreement with the removal of typical pollutants. The study demonstrated that pre-adsorption by the GAC-sludge process could be a technically and economically feasible method to enhance TN removal in coal gasification wastewater （CGW）. 相似文献
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We explored the feasibility and removal mechanism of removing 2-chlorobiphenyl(2-Cl BP)from soil–water system using granular activated carbon(GAC) impregnated with nanoscale zerovalent iron(reactive activated carbon or RAC).The RAC samples were successfully synthesized by the liquid precipitation method.The mesoporous GAC based RAC with low iron content(1.32%) exhibited higher 2-Cl BP removal efficiency(54.6%) in the water phase.The result of Langmuir–Hinshelwood kinetic model implied that the different molecular structures between 2-Cl BP and trichloroethylene(TCE) resulted in more difference in dechlorination reaction rates on RAC than adsorption capacities.Compared to removing2-Cl BP in the water phase,RAC removed the 2-Cl BP more slowly in the soil phase due to the significant external mass transfer resistance.However,in the soil phase,a better removal capacity of RAC was observed than its base GAC because the chemical dechlorination played a more important role in total removal process for 2-Cl BP.This important result verified the effectiveness of RAC for removing 2-Cl BP in the soil phase.Although reducing the total RAC removal rate of 2-Cl BP,soil organic matter(SOM),especially the soft carbon,also served as an electron transfer medium to promote the dechlorination of 2-Cl BP in the long term. 相似文献
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Stereoscopic porous carbons have shown good potential in humic acid (HA) removal. In this work, a novel stereoscopic porous activated carbon (SPAC) was designed and synthesized via the self-assembly of a hydrogel based on food waste during in-situ polymerization, vacuum drying, carbonization, and activation. Then, the SPAC was functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and the adsorption behavior of the modified SPAC (SPAC-NH2) was studied systematically. The effects of pH, contact time, initial concentration of HA, and adsorbent dose were investigated, showing that optimal HA removal efficiency (> 98.0%) could be achieved at an initial HA concentration of 100?mg/L. The experimental adsorption isotherm data was fitted to the Langmuir model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 156.0?mg?HA/g SPAC-NH2. Analysis of the mechanism indicated that the removal of HA was mainly realized through the amidization reaction between the COOH groups of HA and the NH2 groups of APTES. All of the above results showed that SPAC-NH2 powder is an efficient, eco-friendly, and reusable adsorbent which is suitable for the removal of HA from wastewater. 相似文献
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Photo-responsive adsorption-photocatalysis nanocomposites are generally used in water and wastewater decontamination; however, the prolonged adsorption capacity of composites and the role of adsorption in concomitant photocatalysis are typically neglected. These composites can be regenerated under light irradiation as their adsorption capacity decreases. Herein, a novel adsorption-photocatalysis bifunctional nanocomposite, Bi-doped TiO2 supported on powdered activated carbon (Bi2O3/TiO2/PAC), was prepared using the sol-impregnation-hydrothermal procedure. Bi2O3/TiO2/PAC with a secondary calcination temperature of 700°C under a nitrogen atmosphere was selected for maximum adsorption capacity on Methyl Orange (MO). The composite displayed an excellent adsorption capacity and was easily separated and recycled. The results demonstrate that 71.2% photocatalytic regeneration efficiency could be attained under visible light irradiation for 1 hr at an intensity of 750?W/m2 and pH 7. Characterization of the as-prepared Bi2O3/TiO2/PAC nanocomposite (700°C) indicates that it possesses a highly specific surface area and great optical properties, showing bifunctional adsorption-photocatalysis characteristics. The p-n heterojunction of the composite played a dominant role in the photocatalytic regeneration process, and effective degradation of MO could be achieved along with composite regeneration. 相似文献
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Combined toxicity of herbicides to non-target crops is usually resulted from their successive application. The present study was conducted to assess the combined toxicity of flufenacet (FLU) and imazaquin (IMA) to sorghum with their concentration in soil pore water. The concentrations that inhibited growth by 50% (IC50) of FLU and IMA individually and their combination estimated from the herbicide concentrations in soil pore water notably differed from those based on the amended concentrations, due to the decline in bioavailability resulting from adsorption of the herbicides onto soil. According to the amended concentrations, the combined effect of FLU and IMA in soil on sorghum growth was identified as additive action. Based on the concentration in soil pore water, however, it was determined to be antagonism, which was identical to that observed in a test using culture solution. The results revealed that pore water herbicide concentration might be an effective tool to assess the combined toxicity of herbicides in soil to rotational crops. 相似文献
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Chunxu Wu Lanfeng Li Hao Zhou Jing Ai Hongtao Zhang Jialin Tao Dongsheng Wang Weijun Zhang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(2):340-352
This study aimed to explore the adsorption performance of sludge-based activated carbon (SBC) towards dissolved organic matters (DOMs) removal from sewage, and investigated the modification effect of different types of chemicals on the structure of synthesized SBC. Waste activated sludge (WAS) was used as a carbon source, and HCl, HNO3, and NaOH were used as different types of chemicals to modify the SBC. With the aid of chemical activation, the modified SBC showed higher adsorption performances on DOMs removal with maximum adsorption of 29.05 mg/g and second-order constant (k) of 0.1367 (L/mol/sec) due to the surface elution of ash and minerals by chemicals. The surface elemental composition of MSBC suggested that the content of C-C and C-O functional groups on the surface of modified sludge-based activated carbon (MSBC) played an important role on the adsorption capacities of MSBC towards DOMs removal in sewage. Additionally, the residual molecular weight of DOMs in sewage was investigated using a 3-dimension fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (3D-EEM) and high-performance size exclusion chromatography (HP-SEC). Results showed that the chemical modification significantly improved the adsorption capacity of MSBC on humic acids (HA) and aromatic proteins (APN), and both of NaOH-MSBC and HCl-MSBC were effective for a wide range of different AMW DOMs removal from sewage, while the HNO3-MSBC exhibited poorly on AMW organics of 2,617 Da and 409 Da due to the reducing content of macropore. In brief, this study provides reference values for the impact of the chemicals of the activation stage before the SBCs application. 相似文献
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Ordered mesoporous carbon（CMK-3） was synthesized and functionalized with 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole groups（AMT-OCMK-3） for Hg（Ⅱ） removal from aqueous solution. The modified CMK-3 was characterized by X-ray diffraction, N2adsorption-desorption isotherm, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The effects of solution pH, contact time, initial Hg（Ⅱ） concentration and matrix effect were studied. The adsorption data were successfully fitted with the Langmuir model, exhibiting high adsorption capacity of 450.45 mg/g of AMT-OCMK-3. In the solid-phase extraction system a series of experimental parameters such as sample flow rate, sample volume,eluent volume and concentration of the eluent solution have been investigated and established for preconcentration of Hg（Ⅱ） in aqueous solution. The results showed that the enrichment factor for Hg（Ⅱ） was 250, the precision（relative standard deviation（RSD）, %） for six replicate measurements was 2.05% and the limit of detection for Hg（Ⅱ） was achieved at0.17 μg/L. 相似文献
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生物活性炭流化床净化采油废水的效能及特性 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
为了解决采油废水生化处理难度大、处理效率低等问题,采用颗粒活性炭为载体的内循环流化床反应器工艺在好氧条件下净化采油废水.利用果壳粒状活性炭为载体,投配率为15%时效果较好;最优化水力停留时间为5h.借助有机物的表征参数COD、UV254、UV410、有机酸以及GC/MS分析方法对该工艺净化采油废水中的有机物的能力进行了研究,结果表明,COD去除率在25%～45%之间波动,UV254、UV410和有机酸的平均去除率分别为85.9%、73.6%和51.5%,含油量去除率可达100%,但很难去除长链烷烃.研究还发现,由于采油废水中含有某些高浓度的无机离子,如Ca2+、Cl-,占据了活性炭吸附活性中心,从而对活性炭吸附和降解有机物的性能产生不利影响;采油废水温度较高也是影响生物活性炭处理效果的一个因素. 相似文献
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以普通活性污泥法和石英载体生物膜法为对照,研究生物活性炭对2,4-二氯酚(2,4-DCP)的吸附特征和生物吸附动力学,探讨生物活性炭去除2,4-DCP的作用机制.结果表明:使用粉末活性炭吸附2,4-DCP可行且具有较强的抗冲击负荷能力,生物活性炭比活性污泥法、石英生物膜法的降解速率快,抗冲击负荷能力强,适合长期高浓度运行使用.且在生物活性炭系统中,除了活性炭吸附和生物降解作用外,活性炭对2,4-DCP还有氧化降解作用. 相似文献
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活性炭纤维去除水中有机微污染物的效果 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
采用 4种活性炭纤维 (ACF)作为吸附剂 ,对水中 CHCl3、CCl4、高锰酸钾指数 CODMn、紫外吸光值 EUV254等有机微污染物的去除进行了初步研究 ,并与 ZJ-15型颗粒活性炭 (GAC)进行了对比 .吸附等温线的结果表明 ,ACF3对 CHCl3的去除效果最好 ,当 CHCl3的平衡浓度为 60μg· L-1 时 ,ACF3对 CHCl3的吸附容量为 212μg·g-1 ;GAC对 CCl4的去除效果最好 ,当 CCl4的平衡浓度为 3μg· L-1时 ,GAC对 CCl4的吸附容量为 0.83μg·g-1;GAC及 ACF1对 CODMn、EUV254有较好的去除效果 ,当CODMn的平衡浓度为 2.5mg·L-1 时 ,GAC及 ACF1对 CODMn的吸附容量分别为 2.16mg·g-1 和 1.98mg·g-1 ,当 EUV254的平衡浓度为 0.05时 ,GAC及 ACF1对 EUV254的吸附容量分别为 0.32 g-1和 0.15g-1. 相似文献
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The wastewater discharged from tanneries lack biodegradability due to the presence of recalcitrant compounds at significant concentration. The focal theme of the present investigation was to use chemo-autotrophic activated carbon oxidation(CAACO) reactor, an immobilized cell reactor using chemoautotrophs for the treatment of tannery wastewater. The treatment scheme comprised of anaerobic treatment, sand filtration, and CAACO reactor, which remove COD, BOD, TOC, VFA and sulphides respectively by 86%, 95%, 81%,71% and 100%. Rice bran mesoporous activated carbon prepared indigenously and was used for immobilization of chemoautotrophs. The degradation of xenobiotic compounds by CAACO was confirmed through HPLC and FT-IR techniques. 相似文献
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改性活性炭对二硫化碳吸附性能研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
用浸渍法和微波法对活性炭改性,在室温下分别进行静态和动态实验,通过实验数据对比及理论分析,初步认为经微波改性的活性炭对二硫化碳有较好的吸附性能。选取微波15min改性活性炭对二硫化碳进行动态吸附实验,考察活性炭改性前后对二硫化碳的吸附性能。采用多个模型方程对数据进行回归,从回归模型可以看出,实验数据能够较好满足Langmuir-Freundlich方程。利用热重曲线及FT-IR谱图进一步分析微波改性活性炭对二硫化碳吸附性能的变化。研究结果为工业采用改性活性炭预脱除含二硫化碳的气体提供参考。 相似文献
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土壤吸附铬的特性及影响因素研究进展 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
铬污染问题越来越突出,尤其是铬渣的堆存造成严重的土壤铬污染。介绍了铬进入土壤后的存在形态及化学行为,论述了土壤对Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附特征,着重讨论了土壤吸附铬的影响因素。铬在土壤中的吸附是一个复杂的过程,受多方面因素的影响,土壤对铬的吸附依赖于土壤的类型、土壤物理化学性质,如土壤的矿物特性、有机组成pH、Eh、等,也与外加阴阳离子、有机质等有关。研究土壤吸附铬的影响因素为土壤铬污染治理提供科学依据,今后的研究可结合周围环境对铬污染的影响展开。 相似文献