海河下游水体中DO与NH_3-N、COD_(Mn)相关关系探讨

本文应用近年来海河下游监测数据对ＤＯ与ＮＨ３Ｎ和ＣＯＤＭｎ进行一元线性回归，得到两回归方程：ＮＨ３Ｎ＝－１２８ＤＯ＋１０５４；ＣＯＤＭｎ＝－１１３ＤＯ＋１６９２。并经相关系数和回归系数显著性检验，表明在９９９％的置信水平下ＤＯ与ＮＨ３Ｎ和ＣＯＤＭｎ线性相关均极其显著     

改进环境影响评价制度监督管理方法的几点考虑

改进环境影响评价制度监督管理方法的几点考虑罗崇富ＳＵＧＧＥＳＴＩＯＮＯＦＩＭＰＲＯＶＩＮＧＳＵＰＥＲＶＩＳＩＯＮＡＮＤＭＡＮＡＧＥＭＥＮＴＯＦＥＩＡＳＹＳＴＥＭ￥ＬｕｏＣｈｏｎｇｆｕ（ＸｉｎｊｉａｎｇＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔＭｏｎｉｔｏｒｉｎｇＣｅｎｔ...     

离子色谱法测定空气中的甲酸和乙酸

离子色谱法分析空气中甲酸和乙酸效果较好。1　试验1 1　主要仪器与试剂ＤＩＯＮＥＸＴＥＣＨＣＯＭＰＤＸ - 1 0 0Ｔ离子色谱仪 ,配ＤＩＯＮＥＸＡＳＲＳ抑制器、ＤＩＯＮＥＳＡＳ4Ａ -ＳＣ阴离子分离柱、ＤＩＯＮＥＸＡＧ4Ａ -ＳＣ保护柱、电导检测器 ;ＴＥＬＥ色谱工作站 ;     

硫酸锰代替硫酸银快速测定化学需氧量

硫酸锰代替硫酸银快速测定化学需氧量党慧雯（石嘴山市环境监测站石嘴山７５３０００）化学需氧量（ＣＯＤ）的测定有标准回流法,库仑法［１］。这两种方法均需用Ａｇ２ＳＯ４作催化剂,费用较大。今以ＭｎＳＯ４代替Ａｇ２ＳＯ４作催化剂［２］,用兰炼环化仪器研究所生...     

乌鲁木齐降水特征分析

乌鲁木齐降水特征分析李德忱ＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳＯＦＵＲＵＭＱＩＰＲＥＣＩＰＩＴＡＴＩＯＮＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲ￥ＬｉＤｅｃｈｅｎｇ（ＵｒｕｍｑｉＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌ６ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈａｎｄＭｏｎｉｔｏｒｉｎｇＣｅｎｔｒｅ，Ｕｒｕｍｑｉ，８３００００）Ｃ...     

珠江广州河段水污染控制性监测断面生化需氧量与化学需氧量关系的研究

珠江广州河段水污染控制性监测断面生化需氧量与化学需氧量关系的研究刘振彬卢咏梅陈能坚（广东广州市环境监测站，广州５１００３０）经对ＢＯＤ５与ＣＯＤｃｒ及ＣＯＤＭｎ进行相关及回归分析，建立的回归方程看：①两个控制断面在年度分布上（１９８９～１９９３），Ｂ...     

气相色谱法测定废水中N，N─二甲基甲酰胺

用气相色谱仪氢焰检测器，ＰＥＧ２０Ｍ毛细管柱测定废水中的Ｎ，Ｎ二甲基甲酰胺（ＤＭＦ），结果表明与分光光度法基本一致     

吐温20和Mn（Ⅱ）存在下二安替匹林─（2，4─二氯）苯基甲烷与铬（Ⅵ）的显色反应的研究

合成了二安替匹林—（２，４—二氯）苯基甲烷（ＤＡＤＣＭ）。研究了在Ｈ３ＰＯ４介质中，在Ｍｎ（Ⅱ）和吐温２０存在下，Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）与ＤＡＤＣＭ的显色反应。该反应产物为橙红色化合物，λ（ｍａｘ）＝４９０ｎｍ，ε为１．０８×１０５。Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）量在０～１０（μｇ／２５ｍｌ）符合比耳定律。方法有较好选择性，体系可稳定２４ｈ。用于水和废水中微量Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）的测定，结果满意。     

化学需氧量空白值的简易算法

化学需氧量空白值的简易算法ＡＥａｓｙＣａｌｃｕｌｕｓｏｆＣＯＤＢｌａｎｋＶａｌｕｅ张景富（山东省东平县环境监测站东平２７１５００）《水和废水监测分析方法》第三版（简称《方法》）在重铬配钾测定化学需氧量的过程中，要用重蒸水作空白试验。据有关资料［１］报...     

N─苯甲酰苯基羟胺／吡啶偶氮染料配体交换反应萃取分光光度法测定固体废物浸出液中的微量钒

在强酸性介质中，ＶＯ３与Ｎ－苯甲酰苯基羟胺（ＢＰＨＡ）反应生成紫红色络合物，能定量地被ＣＨＣＬ３萃取．萃取液加入２－（５－溴－２－吡啶偶氮）－５－二乙氨基酚（５—Ｂｒ—ＰＡＤＡＰ）后可发生配体交换反应，并生成橙红色的Ｖ（Ｖ）－５—Ｂｒ—ＰＡＤＡＰ络合物，有机相可直接用于光度测定．Ｖ（Ｖ）－５—Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ的最大吸收波长为６００ｎｍ，摩尔吸光系数为５．４Ｘ１０￣４Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１，线性范围为０～０．７６μｇｖ／ｗｌ。     

Performance of an electrochemical COD (chemical oxygen demand) sensor with an electrode-surface grinding unit

An electrochemical COD (chemical oxygen demand) sensor using an electrode-surface grinding unit was investigated. The electrolyzing (oxidizing) action of copper on an organic species was used as the basis of the COD measuring sensor. Using a simple three-electrode cell and a surface grinding unit, the organic species is activated by the catalytic action of copper and oxidized at a working electrode, poised at a positive potential. When synthetic wastewater was fed into the system, the measured Coulombic yields were found to be dependent on the COD of the synthetic wastewater. A linear correlation between the Coulombic yields and the COD of the synthetic wastewater was established (10-1000 mg L(-1)) when the electrode-surface grinding procedure was activated briefly at 8 h intervals. When various kinds of wastewater samples obtained from various sewage treatment plants were measured, linear correlations (r(2)> or = 0.92) between the measured EOD (electrochemical oxygen demand) value and COD of the samples were observed. At a practical wastewater treatment plant, the measurement system was successfully operated with high accuracy and good stability over 3 months. These experimental results show that the application of the measurement system would be a rapid and practical method for the determination of COD in water industries.     

Effects of exposure of crocodiles to sublethal concentrations of Petroleum waste drilling fluid in the Niger Delta basin of Midwestern Nigeria

Static bioassay were carried out using two aquatic crocodiles (the short nosed crocodile, Osteolemus tetraspis and the Nile crocodile, Crocodilus niloticus) as test organisms in soft natural dilution water, with Petroleum waste drilling fluid as the test material, at 28 ± 2 °C. Comparison of results for the control and different concentrations of the waste drilling fluid were made by means of the F-statistic method. Both crocodile species exhibited a high insensitivity to the undiluted waste drilling fluid and the different dilutions. Differences in concentration of waste drilling fluid did not influence the response of crocodiles to the potential toxicant. Percentage of deaths which was never greater than 0.2% in control tanks was not significantly different from that in test tanks where mortality values of organisms was typically 1.6% or less in most cases. There was a delay toxicant – induced mortality effect.     

水中紫外吸光度与COD的相关性

通过对地表水、生活污水和工业废水样品的紫外吸光度与化学需氧量（或高锰酸盐指数）测定值进行线性回归分析,得出不同类型水体的紫外吸光度与化学需氧量（或高锰酸盐指数）之间具有良好的相关性,在一定条件下,可利用测定的紫外吸光度推算出化学需氧量（或高锰酸盐指数）结果。     

Whole-cell bacterial biosensors for rapid and effective monitoring of heavy metals and inorganic pollutants in wastewater

The increasing number of potentially harmful pollutants in the wastewater effluent discharge necessitates the need for the development of fast and cost effective analytical techniques for extensive monitoring programmes to assess the effectiveness of the treatment process. This study compared the use of bacterial biosensors to the conventional Daphnia magna assay, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) tests as well as chemical analysis, for monitoring the toxicity of wastewater. The bacterial biosensors constructed in this study, using S. sonnei and E. coli, were found to be sensitive to the toxicity of the wastewater effluents. A linear increase in bioluminescence with increasing concentration of heavy metals and inorganic pollutants in water was observed, with a correlation coefficient (r(2)) as high as 0.995 and 0.997, respectively. No notable correlation between biosensor toxicity and BOD and COD test results was observed. These bacterial biosensors could provide appropriate alternatives for a rapid, sensitive and cost effective detection of wastewater quality. However, the differences in sensitivity obtained for the different systems suggest that the use of a battery of toxicity assays may be required to provide a real ecotoxicological assessment of wastewater samples.     

Effects of drill cuttings discharge on meiofauna communities of a shelf break site in the southwest Atlantic

The present study investigates the effects of drill cutting discharges on the structure of meiofauna communities in an area of the shelf break at Campos Basin, Southeast Brazil. Drilling activities were operated, in a first phase, with water-based fluid and, in a second phase, with synthetic fluid paraffin-based (NAF-III). A total of 135 samples taken at a pre-drilling situation (MS1) and two post-drilling moments (MS2 and MS3—3 and 22 months post-drilling, respectively) were analyzed. Effects on meiofauna were dependent on two main factors: 1—the impact received during drilling operation, if water-based or synthetic/water-based drilling fluid and 2—the background state, if it already presented signs of previous drilling activities or not. Based on univariate and multivariate analysis, there were evidences that the most affected area after drilling was those under the influence of synthetic-based fluid and that already had signs of previous drillings activities. The region impacted only by water-based fluid was less affected and the only one that completely recovered after 22 months. Nematodes and copepods had different responses to the impact. While copepods flourish in the impacted area and recovered 22 months after drilling, nematodes were adversely affected shortly after drilling and the community structure only recovered where hydrocarbons had been depleted.     

废水COD在线监测系统现场比对试验及管理的几点建议

通过分析总结辽宁省废水COD在线监测系统试点工作中在线监测系统的安装、验收、现场实际样品的比对分析,以及试运行过程中存在的问题,就今后废水在线监测系统的运行与管理提出相应的建议.     

不同规模造纸企业主要水污染物排放特征对比研究

造纸行业是废水污染物减排重点行业。以2011—2014年全国环境统计调查数据为基础,对不同规模造纸企业废水治理运行费用和绩效进行了分析,对COD、氨氮排放强度及减排潜力进行了对比。结果表明,不同规模企业污染治理与排放特征存在差异,大中型企业产排污强度低,废水治理投入大;若造纸行业企业全部达标排放,COD排放量在2014年水平上减排21.4%~47.2%,氨氮排放量降低27.7%。     

A rapid extractive spectrophotometric determination of copper(II) in environmental samples, alloys, complexes and pharmaceutical samples using 4-N,N(dimethyl)amino]benzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone

Composite samples of septage discharging at the Khirbit As-Samra municipal wastewater treatment plant were analyzed during the period from February to the end of October 2007. Septage showed difference in concentrations of pollutants between summer and winter. The average total chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 6,425 mg/L during summer was 2.16 times greater than that in winter, which is 2,969 mg/L. The total biochemical oxygen demand (5 d) represented 45% of total COD in both winter and summer. Anaerobic biodegradability was 75% after 81 d of digestion at 35°C with a biodegradation rate constant (k) of 0.024 d^???1, which was lower compared with 0.103 d^???1 calculated for wastewater with domestic origin in Jordan. Aerobic biodegradability for septage was 48%??COD basis??after 7 d of digestion at 35°C. The lower anaerobic biodegradation rate of septage compared with that of raw wastewater of domestic origin suggested that septage could have a negative effect on the performance of a domestic wastewater treatment plant if septage discharges are not taken into account in the original design of the treatment plant.     

石油化工工业区区域废水中COD_（Cr）和COD_（Mn）的相关性研究

连续同时监测天津市大港石化发展规划区区域废水中的ＣＯＤＣｒ和ＣＯＤＭｎ，并考查其线性相关性后得出ＣＯＤＣｒ＝４．９６ＣＯＤＭｎ＋１１６．３，相关系数为０．７５０。该回归方程适用于类似石油化工工业区区域废水中ＣＯＤＣｒ和ＣＯＤＭｎ间的换算     

Characterization and assessment of “Kullar Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant” wastewaters

We investigated conventional characterization of wastewaters of the "Kullar Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant." In the study of conventional characterization; 23 composite samples, which were taken during 10 months, were used and analysed as COD, BOD5, TKN, NH3-N, SS, VSS, TP, RP, TS, Alkalinity, oil and grease, detergent, chloride parameters. For determine of the plant efficiency, 8 output grab samples were taken. The COD and BOD5 values of influent, respectively, ranging from 37 to 1,056 mg/L and 8 to 140 mg/L in total wastewater. The meanly BOD5/COD ratio was calculated as 0.34 in total wastewaters.