Growth responses of Picea mongolica seedlings to defoliation rate

Picea mongolica W. D. Xu. is an endemic species in China. The spruce forest is only found in semi-arid habitat in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China. Based on the simulative defoliation experiment, it was proved that Picea mongolica seedlings had the compensatory and overcompensatory effects under the certain defoliation rate. The results of variance analysis on growth indexes showed that in PM I (natural regeneration seedlings under Picea mongolica forest), the differences of H1 (height in June 23 ) and H2 (height in September 3) were extremely significant, and the difference of D(diameter at the breast height) were not significant. In PM Ⅱ (artificial regeneration seedlings under Betula platyphylla Suk. forest), the difference of H1 was significant, the difference of H2 was not significant, and the difference of D was extremely significant. The regression equations were established and the compensatory and overcompensatory points were obtained. In PM I, the compensatory points of H1, H2, and D were 0.7628, 0.7436, 0.5725, and the overcompensatory points were 0.6056, 0.5802 and 0.2909 respectively. In PM Ⅱ, the compensatory points of H1, H2, and D are 0.5012, 0.3421, 0.2488, and the overcompensatory points are 0.4137, 0.2633 and 0.0747 respectively. These results suggested that the induction of compensatory growth mechanisms in spruce seedlings required a threshold level of defoliation, and the insects in Picea mongolica forest could be controlled in a certain de clree.     

Increased egg estradiol concentration feminizes digit ratios of male pheasants (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Phasianus colchicus</Emphasis>)

The length ratio between individual digits differs between males and females in humans, other mammals, lizards, and one bird species. Sexual dimorphism in digit ratios and variation among individuals of the same sex may depend on differential exposure to androgens and estrogens during embryonic life. Organizational effects of sex hormones could cause the observed correlations between digit ratios and diverse phenotypic traits in humans. However, no study has investigated experimentally the effect of prenatal estrogens on digit ratios. We analyzed the effect of estradiol injection in ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) eggs on digit ratios. Males from control eggs had higher ratios between the second or third and the fourth digit of the right foot compared to females. Estradiol-treated eggs produced males with lower (feminized) right foot second to fourth digit ratio. Thus, we provided the first experimental evidence that prenatal exposure to physiologically high estrogen levels affects bird digit ratios.     

基于3D-σ数值模拟的锚喷支护机理解析

根据联拱隧道动态设计施工的实质,结合某在建隧道工程,采用3D-σ对隧道中导洞锚喷支护设计进行了力学响应动态模拟研究,并分析了锚喷支护机理以及围岩体应力场和位移变形状况,并由此提出了联拱隧道合理的施工工序,用以指导隧道施工,取得了较好的经济效益。     

长阳一碗水地区变形体演化特征与数值模拟

为了弄清滑坡的演化过程，介绍了长阳一碗水地区变形体演化特征，并利用RFPA2D软件较为形象直观地模拟了一碗水地区变形体形成演化及发展趋势。模拟的结果与地质分析结果具有较高的一致性，达到了地质分析与数值模拟相互印证的效果。     

资源约束下两区域的增长

多区域增长溢出与资源约束下的可持续发展是区域增长研究领域两个非常重要的课题,但是,多区域增长溢出的研究往往忽略了资源的约束,而可持续发展研究往往缺少了对多个区域的考虑。论文将区域增长、资源贸易以及资源开发的溢出等因素结合起来,构建了两区域的增长模型,其中一个区域出售部分自身资源,另一个区域利用其他区域资源。在模型基础上,论文通过调整模型各参数进行了模拟分析,研究发现在区域内部技术溢出不足时,落后区域适合出售资源,在区域内部技术溢出很强烈的情况下,落后区域将资源投入生产比出售资源获得的收入大。两区域经济系统通过调整区域出售资源的比例,可以获得双赢的结果。     

再生水补充景观水体中藻类的生长比较

以太原市污水净化二厂二级出水作为景观水体补水水源,比较了以再生水为培养基的小球藻、斜生栅藻、鱼腥藻和针杆藻的生长情况,利用Logistic对数形式模型拟合了藻类在纯培养和共培养条件下的生长曲线.结果表明,在纯培养和共培养条件下,4种藻类的生长情况均为小球藻>斜生栅藻>鱼腥藻>针杆藻.其中,针杆藻的竞争能力较差;鱼腥藻虽然有较强的增殖能力,但并不处于优势地位;斜生栅藻能与小球藻形成竞争,较适宜在该水质条件下生长;小球藻具有较强的竞争优势,为该水质条件下的优势藻种.以污水二厂二级出水为景观水体补水时,应重点防止绿藻尤其小球藻的过度生长.      

UNITANK工艺特性及其基于ASM2D的模拟分析

UNITANK采用A/O工艺的空间结构,利用SBR工艺的控制策略,但也有其独特的性质。混掺现象对于UNITANK运行产生明显影响,建立UNITANK工艺模型必须考虑混掺,并将各个反应池建立不同的模型以反映这种现象;ASM2D与UNITANK工艺模型结合较好模拟了UNITANK运行的动态变化,对于控制和改造UNITANK工艺具有很好的指导意义。     

Population growth, economic growth, technology changes in relation to environmental changes──A theoretical modelling analysis of environmental changes

Ｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎｇｒｏｗｔｈ，ｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃｇｒｏｗｔｈ，ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙｃｈａｎｇｅｓｉｎｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｔｏｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｃｈａｎｇｅｓ──Ａｔｈｅｏｒｅｔｉｃａｌｍｏｄｅｌｌｉｎｇａｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｆｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔ...     

三峡库区次级河流回水区环境因子对藻类生长影响的模拟实验研究

从三峡库区次级河流139m回水区采集水样,选用L9(34)正交表进行藻类培养试验,以Chla最大浓度作为指标选择适合藻类生长的适宜条件.结果表明,当控制水样温度为20℃、光照为8000lx、活性磷酸盐和溶解无机氮浓度分别为2.86μmol·L-1、85.71μmol·L-1时藻类生长最好;磷为限制该水域藻类生长的营养元素,藻类生长氮磷元素适宜摩尔比约为30:1.在适宜生长条件下,对数期藻细胞比生长率达到1.03d-1,稳定期Chla最大浓度达到110mg·m-3.     

Variables influencing growth and morphology of colonies of cells from human amniotic fluid

Growth of cells from amniotic fluid was studied with respect to cell concentration in the inoculum, blood contamination of the fluid, fluid colour, fluid clarity, gestational age of the pregnancy, and growth factors. Dependent variables measured were colony formation, colony size, and colony morphology after 7, 11, and 14 days of culture. The following conclusions were established from these studies: small sample volumes are the most efficient for producing colonies; cells from very bloody or dark brown fluids have a slower rate of growth; growth of cells from cloudy (noncontaminated) fluids is better than growth of cells from clear fluids; the proportion of colonies that are epithelioid varies with gestational age; the stimulating effect of 100 ng/ml fibroblast growth factor on cells from amniotic fluid was confirmed.     

Experiments and modelling of phenanthrene biodegradation in the aqueous phase by a mixed culture

Pollution by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） is widespread due to tmsuitable disposal of industrial waste. They are mostly defined as priority pollutants by environmental protection authorities worldwide. Phenanthrene, a typical PAH, was selected as the target in this paper. The PAH-degrading mixed culture, named ZM, was collected from a petroleum contaminated river bed. This culture was injected into phenanthrene solutions at different concentrations to quantify the biodegradation process. Results show near-complete removal of phenanthrene in three days of biodegradation if the initial phenanthrene concentration is low. When the initial concentration is high, the removal rate is increased but 20%-40% of the phenanthrene remains at the end of the experiment. The biomass shows a peak on the third day due to the combined effects of microbial growth and decay. Another peak is evident for cases with a high initial concentration, possibly due to production of an intermediate metabolite. The pH generally decreased during biodegradation because of the production of organic acid. Two phenomenological models were designed to simulate the phenanthrene biodegradation and biomass growth. A relatively simple model that does not consider the intermediate metabolite and its inhibition of phenanthrene biodegradation cannot fit the observed data. A modified Monod model that considered an intermediate metabolite （organic acid） and its inhibiting reversal effect reasonably depicts the experimental results.     

环境因子对香溪河春季藻类生长影响的模拟实验

2010年3~5月间,分3批次采集了香溪河水样,以水体营养盐浓度、水温、光强和流速为环境因子,以Chla比增长率为评价指标,在室内进行L9(34)的正交藻类培养实验,研究了环境因子对春季优势硅藻生长的影响.结果表明,在实验所设定的水平范围内,水体营养盐浓度总氮(TN)为3.5mg/L、总磷(TP)为0.3mg/L,水温20℃,光强为4700lx以及流速为0.1m/s时,最适宜藻类生长.4因子对藻类生长影响大小依次为光强、流速、水温、营养盐浓度.流速在0.05m/s和0.1m/s的情况下,藻类生长率明显高于静水.当TN<1.5mg/L,TP<0.1mg/L时,增加TN、TP浓度可显著促进藻类生长;当TN、TP浓度分别达到3.5mg/L、0.3mg/L时, N、P浓度的增加对藻类生长影响甚微.     

吉林省经济增长和环境变化的动态关系

以吉林省为例,采用无残差完全分解方法和柯布-道格拉斯生产函数,分别提取环境变化和经济增长的驱动因子,在分析共同影响因子对环境系统和经济系统作用差异的基础上,应用异速生长模型分析经济子系统和环境子系统的相对变化关系.结果表明:经济增长和环境变化具有不同的增长维度,环境变化中的规模效应依赖于经济系统中资源要素的投入水平,而驱动经济增长的技术变化因子仅仅是引起环境变化技术效应的一个方面,环境系统的技术变化具有一定的独立性;经济增长和环境变化既有关联性也有差异性,经济系统主导形成二者倒“U”型的数量关系,而环境系统影响因子进一步决定了在何种污染程度上穿越环境高山;环境变化和经济增长的相对速率具有广义分维性质,环境系统和经济系统的负异速生长是实现可持续发展环境目标的根本途径.      

Prenatal measurement of the fetal cerebellum and cisterna cerebellomedullaris by ultrasound

The fetal cerebellum can be visualized with ultrasound throughout the second trimester. We describe a technique for measuring the transverse and anteroposterior cerebellar diameters and the measurement of the cisterna magna in the same plane between 14 and 32 weeks gestation. Nomograms for these measurements against gestational age showed good correlation, and narrow confidence limits for the transverse cerebellar diameter. The transverse cerebellar diameter was also measured directly in 79 fetuses after mid-trimester abortion and the measurements obtained were compared with the ultrasound TCD nomogram. Good correlation, was obtained between the post mortem measurements and the ultrasound TCD nomogram. Routine use of these measurements and nomograms should prove valuable in the diagnosis of congenital abnormality of the posterior fossa and may also be of use in assessing the effect of severe intrauterine growth retardation and other insults on cerebellar growth and development. The narrow confidence limits obtained with the TCD nomogram should enable it to be used with confidence in clinical practice.     

淀山湖浮游藻类群落的早期增长

对2004～2009年淀山湖浮游藻类群落生物量[以叶绿素a（Chla）表示]随时间的变化进行了数学模拟.模拟结果表明,Logistic增长模型能够很好地描述淀山湖浮游藻类群落春季和夏季的早期增长.一般说来,淀山湖春季以硅藻和绿藻为主的浮游藻类群落于2月下旬进入指数级增长,到3月上旬浮游藻类密度已经达到始盛点的2倍,浮游...     

D301树脂对水中氟虫腈的吸附去除研究

文章研究D301树脂对水溶液中氟虫腈的吸附行为,考察了吸附剂投加量和溶液pH值对吸附效果的影响,对吸附等温线和吸附动力学进行了探讨,并选择不同模型对吸附曲线进行拟合。结果表明,当氟虫腈溶液初始浓度为2 mg/L,吸附剂投加量为0.5 g/L时,氟虫腈的去除率达到100%;溶液pH值在3⁹范围内变化时,对吸附的影响较小,相对而言pH=7的吸附效果最好;D301树脂对氟虫腈的吸附等温线满足Langmuir吸附等温式和Freundlich吸附等温式,相关系数R2分别为0.994和0.991;吸附动力学符合Lagergren一级反应方程。总体来说,D301树脂对氟虫腈的吸附效果较好。     

0D/3D direct Z-scheme heterojunctions hybridizing by MoS2 quantum dots and honeycomb conjugated triazine polymers (CTPs) for enhanced photocatalytic performance

Herein, a novel direct Z-scheme photocatalyst was accomplished by hybridization of 0D MoS₂ quantum dots (MSQDs) and 3D honeycomb-like conjugated triazine polymers (CTP) (namely, CTP-MSQD). The unique 0D/3D hierarchical structure significantly enhanced the exposure of active sites and light harvesting property, while the formed p-n junction enabled the direct strong interface coupling without the necessity of any mediators. The optimized CTP-MSQD3 exhibited continuously increased visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity and strong durability both in Cr(VI) reduction and H₂ evolution, featured a rate of 0.069 min⁻¹ and 1070 µmol/(hr∙g), respectively, which were 8 times than those of pure 3D-CTP (0.009 min⁻¹ and 129 µmol/(hr∙g)). We believe that this work provides a promising photocatalyst system that combines a 0D/3D hierarchical structure and a Z-scheme charge flow for efficient and stable photocatalytic conversion.