Impacts of a thermal power plant on the phosphorus TMDL of a reservoir

The Watershed Analysis Risk Management Framework (WARMF) was applied to calculate the total maximum daily load of total phosphorus discharged to a reservoir without violating the water quality criteria of 20 μg/l of chlorophyll-a (algae). In addition to a hydroelectric plant at the dam, the reservoir has a thermal power plant on the shore. To simulate the impact of the thermal power plant, WARMF withdraws 113 cms of cooling water from the lake bottom, adds heat to it, and discharges the thermal effluent to the reservoir surface. The circulating water brings the hypolimnion water, which is typically rich in nutrients but low in algae, to the epilimnion. The surface water is enriched in phosphorus but diluted with respect to algae concentration. For the example case, the dilutional effect on algae was found to be more significant than the stimulatory effect of phosphorus. As a result, the total maximum daily load of phosphorus was higher with a thermal power plant than without. Policy makers can learn, through this type of scientific analysis, about the impacts of a thermal power plant and make rational decisions about phosphorus TMDL.     

Characteristics of the pollutant emissions in a tunnel of Shanghai on a weekday

Tunnel displays a typical semi-closed environment, and multitudes of the pollutants tend to accumulate. The samples of gaseous pollutants and particulate matter(PM) were collected from the Xiangyin tunnel at Shanghai to investigate the characteristics of the pollutant emissions. The results indicated that both gaseous pollutants and PM exhibited much higher concentrations during the rush hours in the morning and at night due to vehicle emission. Two peaks of the PM concentration were observed in the scope of 0.7‐1.1 and 3.3–4.7 μm, accounting for 14.6% and 20.3% of the total concentrations, respectively.Organic matter(OM), EC, and many water-soluble ions were markedly higher at the rush hours in the morning than those at night, implicating comprehensive effects of vehicle types and traffic volume. The particle number concentrations exhibited two peaks at Aitken mode(25 nm and 100 nm) and accumulation mode(600 nm), while the particle volume concentration displayed high values at the accumulation mode(100–500 nm) and coarse mode(2.5–4.0 μm). The peak around 100 nm was detected in the morning rush hours, but it diminished with the decrease of the traffic volume. Individual-particle analysis revealed that main particles in the tunnel were Fe-rich particles, K-rich particles, mineral particles,Ca–S rich particles and Al–Si particles. The particles collected at the rush hours displayed marked different morphologies, element concentrations and particle sizes compared to the ones collected at the non-rush period. The data presented herein could shed a light on the feature of vehicle emissions.     

Ivemark syndrome with agenesis of the corpus callosum: a case report with a review of the literature

Asplenia associated with situs ambiguus, symmetric liver, bilateral trilobulated lungs, and a complex heart defect was diagnosed on autopsy in a 14-day-old infant. Furthermore, examination of the brain displayed agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) with pachygyria and hydrocephalus. The characteristic association of asplenia with visceroatrial heterotaxia is traditionally named after the Swedish pediatrician, Ivemark. Although exceptional, association of Ivemark syndrome with callosal agenesis has been reported recently. The concept of ‘developmental fields’ describes morphogenetically reactive units of the embryo determining and controlling the development of complex structures in a hierarchical manner. Lateralization defects such as situs inversus, asplenia or polysplenia due to defective left–right axis development, as well as decussation defects such as ACC, are considered as defects of the primary developmental field. Therefore, additional callosal agenesis in Ivemark syndrome may be a coherent and synchronic defect in the primary developmental field rather than a causally independent malformation. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Increasing the rate of sustainable change: a call for a redefinition of the concept and the model for its implementation

Mankind is committed to taking sustainable pathways in search of a state of sustainability. Thirty years after the “Limits to Growth” published by the Club of Rome the world is still far from the equilibrium of sustainable development (SD). Technology is postponing the depletion of natural resources but is not solving the problem itself, either because the technology is itself not sustainable or because the application of it is being mismanaged. This article attempts to analyze the wide gap between the strategies drawn up and the effectiveness of the actions taken in implementing sustainability. The paper addresses the issue of whether or not mankind can make the right choices and has the right infrastructure of pathways to do so. In short, an answer is sought to the question, “What are the prerequisites for the fastest rate of sustainable change?” This question is tackled by the four authors. They start from critical arguments concerning the effectiveness of sustainable change, explain the terminology used in the article and identify the main factors for increasing the rate of sustainable change, which are then discussed in detail in each part of the text (EG). Then, each from a different starting point, they comment on self-organization (US), sustainable innovation and cultural regions (HK), global cooperation and regional resources (MB) and sustainable research by universities (EG). The individual contributions, when taken together, form a discussion of the crucial factors or prerequisites for sustainable change. It is concluded that only cooperation between regions and regional stakeholders can give sustainable change the driving force needed to overcome global (political) friction and ensure that it moves forward in equilibrium and at a constant rate. Specific measures are put forward to maximize awareness within and among regions.     

写真情实感的作文

要想使学生在写作这片天地中切实得到创新精神和创新能力的锻炼和培养,创造出前所未有的新形象,"真实"的写作教学思想,应是当务之急,不仅要激发学生写作兴趣,挖掘内心,引发共鸣,而且要教学生做生活的有心人。要切实提高学生的写作水平,教师就必须真正在"真实"上下工夫,一切从生活实际出发,从学生的实际出发,顺应学生的心理,让学生从"要我写"变成"我要写",从"无话可说"变成"有话想说",让学生写真话、言真情,它是作文教学的教学追求。     

Evaluating the environmental performance of a university

An increasing number of organisations are moving towards assessing and reporting their environmental performance in a supply-chain context. Not only are such “footprint”-type assessments seen as more rigorous than sustainability reports created in-house, they also offer more abatement options than assessments limited to an organisation’s premises. Hybrid life-cycle assessment methods combining input-output analysis and process analysis are ideally suited to enumerate organisational footprints, because they were developed to enable overall complete results whilst being application-specific. We apply one of these hybrid methods, the Path Exchange Method to the task of planning for a sustainable campus at the University of Sydney in Australia. We show how this method can be used by an environmental or procurement officer for exploring environmental performance and abatement options across supply chains. We also show how parts of an organisation, for example University faculties, can be assessed and compared against each other. Whilst tools like ones used in this work enable quantitative decision support for procurement and operations policies, it takes staff awareness, engagement and training to successfully put such tools into practice.     

3-PBA降解菌BA3的降解特性及基因工程菌构建

从石油污染土壤中分离到1株能以3-苯氧基苯甲酸(3-PBA)为唯一碳源生长的细菌,命名为BA3.根据其生理生化特征和16S rDNA序列相似性分析,将该菌鉴定为鞘脂菌属(Sphingobium sp.).该菌株在60 h内对100 mg·L-1的3-苯氧基苯甲酸的降解率达到99%.降解3-苯氧基苯甲酸的最适温度为30℃...     

Ultrasonographic diagnosis of a fetal abdominal mass: A case of a mesenchymal liver hamartoma and a review of the literature

A case of a prenatally recognized hepatic mesenchymal hamartoma is presented and the literature reviewed. These tumors are benign and usually present in early infancy with symptoms that are related to the mass effect on adjacent organs. Radiologic methods used in the past to image this tumor include angiography and ultrasound. However, there is no specific radiologic finding, and, therefore, the diagnosis is usually made during surgery. Once the tumor is removed, the prognosis is generally good. With the increasing use of high resolution ultrasound in prenatal diagnosis, this rare tumor should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any multicystic mass found in the fetal abdomen. The recognition of a mass should then alert the physician to the need for early neonatal intervention.     

西江的姿态--云浮市开展对西江的综合整治

从环境的角度看云浮,云浮是美丽的。青山、绿水、好空气,大自然的赐予让云浮这片土地散发出一股纯自然的气息。云浮不仅环境状况良好,这里的环保工作也开展得不错。如西江的综合整治、生态村的建设和特色产业的治污等方面,都是值得其它市借鉴的。绿色广东的建设没有先例,需要探索,需要在探索中去发现典型,所以我们编辑了这期"云浮专辑"。白云朵朵映云浮,请到云浮来看云。云浮专辑是云浮市从环境的角度派发给大家的一张名片,一封热情的邀请函。我们相信,随着绿色云浮的全面建设,地处粤西中部的这片土地一定会--云浮,风景这边独好!     

Transformation of a derelict mine site into a sustainable community: the Britannia project

The Britannia Beach Sustainable Development Project is an on-going project-in-progress aimed at transforming the “worst ARD metal polluting mine in North America” into a clean, liveable, sustainable community. This paper presents some of the key elements involved in putting this program into place and drawing the diverse site-stakeholders together to share in a common vision of the future for the town.     

A numerical simulation of the chemistry of a rainband

Comparisons between the observations of a rainband and the results of a numerical simulation with a two-dimensional dynamical chemical model are presented. The simulation produced sulphate concentrations in the precipitation that agreed reasonably well with the observations, which suggests that the treatment of the major pathways for sulphate in the rain is satisfactory. Oxidation within the cloud was found to be a relatively unimportant pathway for this particular precipitation system, the two most important sources of sulphate in the rain being nucleation of sulphate aerosol and washout.     

HERA: a Supermicroscope for Investigating the Structure of the Proton

   HERA, a high energy particle collider at the Deutsches Elektronensychrotron DESY in Hamburg, allows investigation of the structure of the proton with a spatial resolution of 10 cm, corresponding to about 1/1000 of its diameter. This view deep into the inner properties of matter is obtained from the scattering of high-energy electrons or positrons from high-energy protons. With its 6.3 km circumference, HERA can be regarded as a gigantic electron microscope. The high energies available at HERA allow a wealth of further studies on the properties of elementary particles and their interactions. After a brief review of earlier experiments, the article describes the concept of HERA and the detectors H1 and ZEUS, with which the scattering events are analyzed, as well as some of the physics results.     

Greening of the campus: a whole-systems approach

An overview is presented of the comprehensive, whole-systems approach used at Ball State University to institutionalize its ongoing ‘greening of the campus.’ This approach bridges academic content, administrative policies, and facilities management practices. It enables a campus-wide unfolding of education for sustainability. Tracking the history, evaluating the progress, modifying the approach and continually refocusing the effort are presented as essential to a whole-systems approach.     

Tracing the behaviour of hexachlorobenzene in a paddy soil-rice system over a growth season

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB), a persistent organic pollutant (POP), has been found in paddy soils. To improve the understanding of HCB contamination in paddy soils, a laboratory simulative study was carried out to investigate the behavior of HCB in a paddy soil and rice plants. This study was divided into three experiments. First, an experiment aimed to examine the evaporation of HCB in paddy soil. In the second experiment, rice was planted in 10 mg/kg HCB contaminated soil and after pot culture at 3, 6, 9, and 27 weeks (at maturity), both soil and plant samplings were scheduled to be sampled. The soil samples comprised rhizosphere soil, nonrhizosphere soil, and unplanted contaminated soil, whereas plant samples included shoots, roots, and rice grains (dehusked). Lastly, in this part, HCB in xylem saps was designed to be examined. The results showed that (1) the HCB translocation from paddy soil to rice by vaporization; (2) the HCB concentration in rice grains was surprisingly high; (3) the observed HCB decrease in rice rhizosphere offers a potential means for in situ HCB degradation; (4) HCB might not be transported along transpiration in rice.     

论和谐社会建设中的和谐文化

党中央提出建设社会主义和谐社会的目标.建设社会主义和谐社会必然需要有力的精神支撑和良好的条件.本文从和谐文化在和谐社会建设中的作用及正确处理和谐文化建设中的辨证关系两方面论述了在社会主义和谐社会建设的历史进程中如何使建设和谐文化与构建和谐社会相互促进、共同发展.