ISO14000系列环境管理国际标准概述

概述了ISO14000系列环境管理国际标准的内容、分类、特点及其作用。介绍了企业实施该系列标准所应采取的步骤和措施。该系列标准由环境管理体系、环境行为评价、生命周期评估、环境管理、产品标准中的环境因素等系列组成,可指导企业表现正确的环境行为,提升企业的竞争力。     

清洁生产与ISO14000环境管理体系标准

论述了清洁生产与ISO14000环境管理体系标准在起源、目的等方面的共同之处.探讨了二者在依据、内容、实施手段、侧重点、主力军、管理者、实施效果等方面的不同点以及两者之间的互补性.     

建立区域ISO14000环境管理体系的研究

ISO14000环境管理体系是20世纪90年代以来国际标准化组织制定和发布的一系列环境管理标准,自体系建立以来各国企业纷纷开展ISO14000认证.从区域的开发造成对环境的影响入手,以上海某工业园区为例,提出了区域建立ISO14000环境管理体系的思路环境因素评估-确定重大环境因素-制定环境管理方案-解决环境问题.通过区域建立环境管理体系与企业相比较,归纳出建立区域环境管理体系的意义及特点,是对区域建立环境管理体系的一种探索.     

餐厨废弃物的环境昆虫处理途径及资源化利用探讨

餐厨废弃物的不当处理,不但直接影响城市容貌、污染地下水、食品安全及人们身体健康,同时造成巨大的资源浪费.餐厨废弃物的处理已经成为政府及社会广为关注的重大问题.介绍了餐厨废弃物处置管理的意义,分析了目前几种生物处理技术的现状,提出了利用环境昆虫进行餐厨废弃物资源化利用的有关建议.     

电子废弃物管理立法研究

我国是世界上最大的家用电器生产和消费国之一,如今面临着越来越严重的电子废弃物处理的压力.而我国电子废弃物管理方面还存在着思想障碍、体制障碍、机制障碍、政策障碍以及法制障碍等问题,急需立法给予解决.我国电子废弃物管理立法应当着重建立如下法律制度:电子废弃物的管理体制制度、生产者责任延伸制度、押金制度、产品成分标识制度、新鲜材料税或垃圾填埋税等税收制度、资源价格制度、电子废弃物中介组织和服务制度、电子废弃物的科技支撑和示范制度、绿色消费和绿色采购制度.     

浅谈上海市特殊废弃物的管理

从上海市特殊废弃物管理现状出发,使用SWOT战略分析方法,探讨了上海市特殊废物管理的发展方向,提出了管理的办法及保护措施.     

我国电子废弃物的回收处理现状和管理对策

电子废弃物因其高速增长性、潜在污染性和资源性受到各国的广泛关注.我国由于对电子废弃物缺乏健全的回收体系和有效的监管,导致严重的环境污染和资源浪费.针对这一问题,论述了我国电子废弃物的来源、流向、处理处置和管理现状,借鉴国外生产者责任延伸制(EPR)的实践,从政府、生产者和消费者的责任分担角度.提出了适合我国国情的EPR体系.     

日本城市废弃物处理和综合利用技术简介

应日本新技术促进机构邀请,对日本城市废弃物处理和综合利用技术进行考察.简要介绍日本新技术促进机构以及日本企业对于城市垃圾、废塑料和电子废弃物的处置和再利用技术,为中日再生资源行业深入合作,推动我国再生资源行业技术发展提供借鉴.     

餐厨废弃物管理探讨

污染环境和威胁人们健康的地沟油问题亟待解决,餐厨废弃物的管理被广泛关注。介绍了餐厨废弃物不当处理的危害,对典型城市经验进行了分析总结,并就餐厨废弃物的管理提出了若干建议。     

现代企业管理新起点--浅谈石油天然气行业整合ISO14000和HSE体系建立综合管理体系

中国石油天然气在21世纪要取得大的发展,必须"向管理要效益,以质量求生存",石油天然气企业整合ISO14000和HSE体系,建立综合管理体系势在必行.简介了ISO14000和HSE体系,分析了建立综合体系的必要性,论证了建立综合体系的可行性,并给出了建立综合管理体系的建议,展望了石油天然行业管理建立综合管理体系的前景.     

Environmental assessment and accounting for the waste disposal stream in Bangkok,Thailand

It is very important that waste should be controlled and appropriately handled in a waste disposal stream, considering its impact on the environment. In this research, the LCA-EA model was applied to the current waste disposal stream of the BMR as well as other waste disposal stream scenarios, so that treatment cost, environmental load and environmental cost were assessed quantatively. The results of this study showed that in the current waste diposal stream in Bangkok, there were large contributions from carbon dioxide and methane to the greenhouse gas emissions from the stream. The study was able to quantify the reductions in environmental load associated with various waste disposal stream scenarios, using the baseline scenario as a standard.     

Environmental management of construction and demolition waste in Kuwait

There is an increasing pressure on the construction industry to reduce costs and improve the quality of our environment. The fact is that both of these goals can be achieved at the same time. Although construction and demolition (C&D) constitutes a major source of waste in terms of volume and weight, its management and recycling efforts have not yet seen the light in Kuwait. This study focuses on recycling efforts leading to the minimization of the total C&D waste that is currently landfilled in Kuwait. This paper presents the current status of C&D waste disposal system in Kuwait and identifies the potential problems to the environment, people and economy. Then, it investigates alternative solutions to manage and control this major type of waste in an economically efficient and environmentally safe manner. Next, the paper describes the feasibility of establishing a C&D waste recycling facility in Kuwait. It concludes by highlighting the major benefits and bottleneck problems with such a recycling facility.     

Evaluating waste disposal systems

Waste disposal systems conventionally exhibit many problems, such as difficulties in finding final disposal sites for incinerator residues and the issue of how to recycle waste materials. Some new technologies have been developed to solve such problems, including ash melting and gasification melting. Furthermore, to improve the power generation efficiency of waste treatment facilities so that their energy is used more efficiently, combined stoker/gas turbine power generation (super waste power generation) technology has been developed. Through examination of two cases in this study, environmental impacts and costs were determined using lifecycle assessment (LCA) and lifecycle cost (LCC) methods in a model city. In case 1, a stoker furnace was compared to a combined stoker/gas turbine system. In case 2, a stoker furnace plus ash melting system was compared to a gasification melting system. The results demonstrate that the stoker furnace has a lower environmental impact than the combined stoker/gas turbine system in case 1, and that the stoker plus ash melting system costs less than the gasification melting system in case 2, but both systems had strong impacts on the environment.     

废旧电冰箱聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料回收处理技木研究

从废旧电冰箱聚氨酯硬泡塑料的回收、处理、资源化等方面阐述了国内外的研究技术现状.近年来我国电冰箱报废量剧增,聚氨酯硬泡塑料是电冰箱最主要的塑料品种,具有资源性和环境污染的双重特性.从循环经济和清洁生产的理念出发,提出我国进行废旧电冰箱聚氨酯硬泡塑料的回收处理处置,有利于促进我国可持续发展和建设“美丽中国”.     

Waste disposal technology transfer matching requirement clusters for waste disposal facilities in China

Even though technology transfer has been part of development aid programmes for many decades, it has more often than not failed to come to fruition. One reason is the absence of simple guidelines or decision making tools that help operators or plant owners to decide on the most suitable technology to adopt. Practical suggestions for choosing the most suitable technology to combat a specific problem are hard to get and technology drawbacks are not sufficiently highlighted. Western counterparts in technology transfer or development projects often underestimate or don’t sufficiently account for the high investment costs for the imported incineration plant; the differing nature of Chinese MSW; the need for trained manpower; and the need to treat flue gas, bunker leakage water, and ash, all of which contain highly toxic elements.This article sets out requirements for municipal solid waste disposal plant owner/operators in China as well as giving an attribute assessment for the prevalent waste disposal plant types in order to assist individual decision makers in their evaluation process for what plant type might be most suitable in a given situation. There is no ‘best’ plant for all needs and purposes, and requirement constellations rely on generalisations meaning they cannot be blindly applied, but an alignment of a type of plant to a type of owner or operator can realistically be achieved. To this end, a four-step approach is suggested and a technology matrix is set out to ease the choice of technology to transfer and avoid past errors. The four steps are (1) Identification of plant owner/operator requirement clusters; (2) Determination of different municipal solid waste (MSW) treatment plant attributes; (3) Development of a matrix matching requirement clusters to plant attributes; (4) Application of Quality Function Deployment Method to aid in technology localisation.The technology transfer matrices thus derived show significant performance differences between the various technologies available. It is hoped that the resulting research can build a bridge between technology transfer research and waste disposal research in order to enhance the exchange of more sustainable solutions in future.     

Waste landfill plant and waste disposal plant efficiencies in China

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - As resident awareness of environmental issues has grown, waste disposal has become an important part of urban environmental governance. Most...     

Telerobots for remote disposal of mixed waste

Two remote-controlled robotic submersible vehicles and an automated shredder are helping remove and dispose of highly reactive, sometimes explosive materials, dumped into a water-filled quarry at the U.S. Department of Energy's reservation in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Human workers never enter the four-acre site, except for well-planned equipment maintenance and to shoot holes from a protected but into the retrieved containers, releasing pressure and exposing the contents to air and water. During its approximately two years of operation, the $8 million project has retrieved more than 15,000 items from the thirty feet of water at the bottom of the quarry.     

略谈清洁生产战略在医院废物处理中的指导意义

清洁生产战略作为环境管理的一项手段,是实现可持续发展战略的一项重要举措.医院废物作为一种危险废物,在其处理处置过程中,也应引入清洁生产思想,这对于有效利用资源和能源,减轻环境压力,都具有重要意义.     

Environmental impact assessment of solid waste management in Beijing City, China

The environmental impacts of municipal solid waste management in Beijing City were evaluated using a life-cycle-based model, EASEWASTE, to take into account waste generation, collection, transportation, treatment/disposal technologies, and savings obtained by energy and material recovery. The current system, mainly involving the use of landfills, has manifested significant adverse environmental impacts caused by methane emissions from landfills and many other emissions from transfer stations. A short-term future scenario, where some of the landfills (which soon will reach their capacity because of rising amount of waste in Beijing City) are substituted by incinerators with energy recovery, would not result in significant environmental improvement. This is primarily because of the low calorific value of mixed waste, and it is likely that the incinerators would require significant amounts of auxiliary fuels to support combustion of wet waste. As for the long-term future scenario, efficient source separation of food waste could result in significant environmental improvements, primarily because of increase in calorific value of remaining waste incinerated with energy recovery. Sensitivity analysis emphasized the importance of efficient source separation of food waste, as well as the electricity recovery in incinerators, in order to obtain an environmentally friendly waste management system in Beijing City.