共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
AERMOD与EIAA大气预测模型在环境影响评价中的应用比较 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
大气环境影响预测是环境影响评价的一项重要内容,为准确评价项目实施后对周围大气环境的影响,需采用合适的大气预测模型.从大气预测模型系统组成原理、应用范围、应用过程、预测结果等方面对AERMOD和EIAA大气预测模型进行比较,分析两种模型在大气环境影响预测中的优缺点. 相似文献
2.
工程项目大气环境影响评价的扩散模式计算 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
工程项目对大气污染影响的定量预测是通过大气扩散模式计算来实现的。本文根据近年实践经验,对大气扩散模式的选用、扩散参数的确定及修正、地面长短期浓度的计算和计算结果的验证等方面作了较为系统的介绍,经供环境影响评价工作者参考。 相似文献
3.
4.
3S(GIS、GPS、RS)技术在发达国家已得到广泛应用,中国政府管理部门也已高度重视,因此在介绍了3S各项技术功能的基础上,进一步阐述了在环境影响评价中的应用,以及3S集成技术在中国当前环境影响评价中的应用前景。 相似文献
5.
灰色关联分析在建设项目环境影响评价中的应用 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
应用灰色系统理论中的重要内容之一——灰色关联分析方法将黑龙江省兴隆生猪屠宰分割综合加工厂新建项目可能对环境造成影响的因子进行环境影响综合评价。研究结果表明,该项目的建设使环境质量恶化了3.14%,但仍在环境标准允许范围之内。该方法原理简单,计算简便,结果可靠,是一种很有实用价值的环境影响评价方法。 相似文献
6.
环境监测在环境影响评价中的作用分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在新时期,环境保护工作的发展面临着新的机遇和挑战。环境监测贯穿于整个环境影响评价体系之中,即环境影响评价中的评价初期、建设期、运行期以及后评价期,均需环境监测数据来支撑,因此,环境监测是环境影响评价的技术基础,同时还具有较强的监督功能。 相似文献
7.
阐述了循环经济的内涵、特点,分析了循环经济理念导人环境影响评价中应注意的几个环节,探讨了区域生态产业链、物质流分析法、循环经济指标等在区域规划环境影响评价中的应用,并提出了相关的建议及措施。 相似文献
8.
9.
分析了环境影响评价中几个重要步骤以及与环境影响评价相关的政策在印染行业节能减排中的作用。指出了准确的工程分析是节能减排措施能够实施的前提;合理的污染物排放总量确定为印染行业节能减排提供合理的工作目标;客观的清洁生产分析为节能减排提供可靠的分析数据;环境影响评价相关的政策是印染行业节能减排的基础和依据。 相似文献
10.
论硫平衡图在环境影响评价中的重要作用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过环评实例,阐明了硫平衡图的绘制方法及其主要特点,及如何利用它来分析硫的迁移与去向,介绍了硫化物及其氧化物的环境影响和控制措施,指出硫平衡图对提高环评报告书总休质量和水平的重要作用,把握主要的污染工序,有针对性地提出防治对策与建议。 相似文献
11.
Jana Moldanov Ida-Maja Hassellv Volker Matthias Erik Fridell Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen Erik Ytreberg Markus Quante Jenny Trltzsch Ilja Maljutenko Urmas Raudsepp K. Martin Eriksson 《Ambio》2022,51(3):754
Shipping is an important source of pollution affecting both atmospheric and aquatic environments. To allow for efficient mitigation of environmental degradation, it is essential to know the extent of the impacts of shipping in relation to other sources of pollution. Here, we give a perspective on a holistic approach to studies of the environmental impacts of operational shipping through presentation of an assessment framework developed and applied on a case of shipping in the Baltic Sea. Through transfer of knowledge and concepts, previously used in assessments of air pollution, now applied to assessments of marine pollution and underwater noise, the horizon of understanding of shipping-related impacts is significantly improved. It identifies the main areas of environmental degradation caused by shipping and potential improvements through legislation and technological development. However, as the vast majority of contaminants discharged into the sea are not routinely monitored and assessed, the links between pressure of contaminants from shipping and environmental state and impacts will not be caught in the current environmental regulatory frameworks. 相似文献
12.
论中国环境影响评价中公众参与的一般模式 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
公众参与在环境影响评价中的作用是不可替代的,并成为各国环评的基本内容.环评中公众参与的一般模式包括公众享有环境知情权和参与决策权、合适的公众参与的主体范围、明确的公众参与环评的程序和方法以及公众参与环评的保障机制.为更好地发挥环评的作用,应当从实体和程序两方面对法规加以完善.还应在信息公开、立法的完善和配套制度的建立等方面完善环评中的公众参与制度. 相似文献
13.
14.
15.
海岸地区热力内边界层(TIBL)对大气污染物扩散具有重要影响。选取杭州湾地区某区域为模拟区,采用一个TIBL高度的简单计算模式模拟模拟区的TIBL高度,将其耦合到空气质量模式AERMOD中,并对AERMOD的相关模块和参数进行了相应的修改,再分别利用原AERMOD和改进后的AERMOD,模拟了不同污染源情景下的大气污染物地面浓度分布。结果表明,在多数情况下,由于TIBL对于大气污染物扩散空间的限制,大气污染物的地面最大浓度有所升高,地面浓度的高值区范围也有所增加,具体影响特征取决于污染源与TIBL的相对高度以及污染源距离海岸的相对位置。 相似文献
16.
对当前规划环境影响评价存在问题的探讨 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
根据战略环境评价的基本内涵.针对当前中国规划环境影响评价实践中存在的诸多问题,重点选择替代方案不完善和评价结果不能有效执行这2个突出问题.并进行了产生原因的深层分析.随后结合规划环境影响评价基础理论及现实需要,提出替代方案优化论证和评价结果有效执行的基本思路,以期对规划环境影响评价制度的进一步完善提供建议. 相似文献
17.
A comparison of simulated and observed ozone mixing ratios for the summer of 1998 in Western Europe 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
H. Schmidt C. Derognat R. Vautard M. Beekmann 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2001,35(36):6277-6297
This study describes and evaluates the newly developed European scale Eulerian chemistry transport model CHIMERE-continental. The model is designed for seasonal simulations and real time forecasts without the use of super-computers. For the purpose of model evaluation simulated ozone mixing ratios for the period between 1 May 1998 and 30 September 1998 are compared to observational data from 115 European surface sites. In order to facilitate the interpretation of future forecasts a statistic is established to estimate the reliability of a simulated pollution level. Besides this, the comparison is done by means of time series, scatter plots, a spectral analysis and the calculation of RMS-errors and biases of the model results corresponding to each observation site. It turns out that the mean RMS-error of the simulated daily maximum ozone mixing ratio for the sites considered a priori as well suited for a model comparison is about 10 ppb. For the same period but a reduced number of sites observed concentrations of NO2 and ethene are compared to simulated values. Difficulties encountered with the representativeness of observations when trying to evaluate a mesoscale air pollution model are discussed. 相似文献
18.
Pollution characteristics and environmental risk assessment of typical veterinary antibiotics in livestock farms in Southeastern China 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Na Wang Xinyan Guo Jing Xu Xiangji Kong 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(7):468-479
Scientific interest in pollution from antibiotics in animal husbandry has increased during recent years. However, there have been few studies on the vertical exposure characteristics of typical veterinary antibiotics in different exposure matrices from different livestock farms. This study explores the distribution and migration of antibiotics from feed to manure, from manure to soil, and from soil to vegetables, by investigating the exposure level of typical antibiotics in feed, manure, soil, vegetables, water, fish, and pork in livestock farms. A screening environmental risk assessment was conducted to identify the hazardous potential of veterinary antibiotics from livestock farms in southeast China. The results show that adding antibiotics to drinking water as well as the excessive use of antibiotic feed additives may become the major source of antibiotics pollution in livestock farms. Physical and chemical properties significantly affect the distribution and migration of various antibiotics from manure to soil and from soil to plant. Simple migration models can predict the accumulation of antibiotics in soil and plants. The environmental risk assessment results show that more attention should be paid to the terrestrial eco-risk of sulfadiazine, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, oxytetracycline, chlorotetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and enrofloxacin, and to the aquatic eco-risk of chlorotetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and enrofloxacin. This is the first systematic analysis of the vertical pollution characteristics of typical veterinary antibiotics in livestock farms in southeast China. It also identifies the ecological and human health risk of veterinary antibiotics. 相似文献
19.
Relationship between atmospheric pollution processes and synoptic pressure patterns in northern China 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Z.H. Chen S.Y. Cheng J.B. Li X.R. Guo W.H. Wang D.S. Chen 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2008,42(24):6078-6087
The air pollution index (API) sequences in 10 cities in northern China and the synoptic pressure patterns during autumn and winter from 2002 to 2006 were analyzed with diagnostic and statistical methods. The results showed that the air qualities in northern China had a prominent correlation with the pressure systems. It revealed that (a) the increasing phase of API was associated with high pressure and the successive low pressure, (b) the preceding part of front (i.e. the retral part of low pressure) was associated with the maximum of API values during a cycle of air pollution process, (c) the pressure systems with high gradient led to the decrease of API, and (d) the synoptic pressure patterns and their evolvements were the main causes of regional air pollution processes. These relations can be used to analyze the variation characteristics and mechanism of regional atmosphere pollution process, and provide important basis for the qualitative prediction, control, and management of regional air pollution problems. 相似文献