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启动炭管膜曝气生物膜反应器实现全程自养脱氮 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
启动包裹无纺布的多微孔炭管为膜组件的膜曝气生物膜反应器(MABR),实现基于短程硝化和厌氧氨氧化的完全自养脱氮.首先接种普通硝化污泥启动反应器,在温度35℃, pH为7.9条件下,通过对膜内腔压力的适当控制逐步降低反应器溶解氧浓度,实现亚硝酸盐的积累.然后再次接种厌氧氨氧化污泥,使无纺布上形成好氧氨氧化菌与厌氧氨氧化菌稳定共存的膜曝气生物膜,从而实现全程自养脱氮结果表明,经过120 d连续运行,在膜内压力为0.015MPa,水力停留时间6 h,进水NH 4-N为200 mg/L±10 mg/L条件下, NH 4-N转化率达到88.7%,出水总氮平均为48.65mg/L,总氮去除率达到83.77%.荧光原位杂交(fluorescent in situ hybridization, FISH)分析表明,好氧氨氧化菌(AOB)和厌氧氨氧化菌作为主要功能菌群分别控制着靠近炭管膜/生物膜界面区域和靠近生物膜/液体界面区域. 相似文献
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采用改进型ABR-MBR反应器,接种普通活性污泥,以氨氮为200 mg·L~(-1)、C/N=1的人工配水为处理对象,研究全程自养脱氮耦合反硝化除磷一体式工艺的启动及其脱氮除磷效能.控制反应器运行条件:温度为(25±1)℃,pH=7. 5±0. 2,回流比由50%逐步提升至200%.结果表明,ABR厌氧阶段消耗70%COD,使得在低DO、高氨氮下能够21 d内快速启动部分亚硝化;随后以间歇曝气(曝停比:2 h∶2 h,DO为0. 3~0. 4 mg·L~(-1))的运行方式在132 d内成功启动耦合工艺内的CANON部分,使得ABR缺氧段的电子受体中硝酸盐氮浓度稳步上升,最终于160 d成功启动耦合工艺.稳定运行后,MBR内TN去除负荷达到0. 22 kg·(m~3·d)~(-1),出水各项指标COD、TN和PO_4~(3-)-P去除率分别为87. 0%、90. 4%和81. 8%.批次试验估算ABR内以硝酸氮盐为电子受体的PAOs约占PAOs的68%,系统内已培育出相互适应协作的DPAOs、AOB和An AOB菌种,具有良好同步脱氮除磷效果. 相似文献
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利用厌氧颗粒污泥作为种泥,启动SBR反应器,旨在培养全程自养脱氮颗粒污泥以及研究全程自养脱氮过程中污泥理化性质的变化.结果表明,先在厌氧条件下富集厌氧氨氧化微生物,然后在曝入的氮气中添加一定量空气,控制反应器的DO在0.3~0.5 mg/L,实现全程自养脱氮颗粒污泥培养是可行的,总氮去除率最高达到75.3%.实验用水中过高的钙盐和磷盐会形成钙盐沉积物,并在污泥中积累,导致污泥中有机组分减少,污泥脱氮性能变差.降低试验用水中Ca盐的投加量,经过驯化,污泥中的有机组分会逐渐增加,污泥脱氮性能逐渐恢复. 相似文献
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全程自养脱氮新技术处理污泥脱水液的研究 总被引:14,自引:1,他引:14
以含有高浓度氨氮的消化污泥脱泥污水为基质,在悬浮填料床反应器中实现了稳定的全程自养脱氮过程.在填料表面培养形成了全程自养脱氮混菌生物膜.反应器的主控条件为T=28℃,pH=8.0左右,溶氧为0.8~1.0 mg/L.两级串联反应器的平均表面负荷为NH4+-N 3~4 g/(m2·d),总的全程自养脱氮率达70%左右.对处理高氨氮含量和低C/N比的废水,全程自养脱氮较常规硝化-反硝化脱氮技术可大大降低氧耗并无需外加有机碳源,因此具有很好的应用前景. 相似文献
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全程自养脱氮颗粒污泥培养及动力学研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
SBR反应器接种厌氧颗粒污泥,经过3个阶段培养,成功培养出全程自养脱氮颗粒污泥,并对颗粒污泥系统进行动力学研究.建立了描述全程自养脱氮的动力学模型.由于溶解氧(DO)在颗粒污泥内呈梯度分布,模型引入DO校正系数.通过模型研究反硝化作用、亚硝酸盐和DO对过程的影响,模拟结果与实测结果相一致.结果说明,异养反硝化菌的存在,在一定程度上影响厌氧氨氧化(ANAMMOX)过程,但是随着启动的进行,反硝化的影响逐渐降低.初始亚硝酸盐浓度为20~30 mg/L时,厌氧氨氧化开始受到抑制,总氮去除率开始降低.DO浓度的过高或过低都会导致全程自养脱氮效果受限制.根据进水氨氮浓度调整DO浓度,可使总氮去除效率达到较佳水平.进水氨氮浓度为80 mg/L时,最佳DO为0.3~0.6 mg/L. 相似文献
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淀粉废水有机氮浓度较高,污水处理采用调节池-厌氧池-全程自养脱氮池-二沉池-混凝沉淀池处理工艺,在进水CODCr<10000mg/L,TN≤600mg/L情况下,处理后CODCr<100mg/L,NH3-N<10mg/L,完全达到预期处理效果。目前国内全程自养脱氮技术(处理超低C/N废水)大都停留在试验阶段,工程化的实例很少。 相似文献
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通过接种亚硝化与厌氧氨氧化污泥,以无机高氨氮(110~130mg/L)废水为对象,研究上流式双层填料反应器的启动与运行.反应器上层与下层分别以沸石和聚氨酯海绵作为填料,启动两种填料高度比分别为2:3和3:2的1号和2号反应器,历时139d成功建立自养脱氮系统.结果表明,1号反应器最高总氮去除率达84.4%,2号最高总氮去除率达81.8%,总氮去除负荷分别达0.15,0.14kgN/(m3·d).进水未添加有机碳源时,2号△NO3--N/△NH4+-N一直稳定在特征值0.11附近,自养脱氮系统更为稳定.在添加有机碳源情况下,2个反应器总氮去除率都得到提升,△NO3--N/△NH4+-N也更为稳定.说明一定浓度的有机物能强化系统稳定运行,提高系统脱氮性能.反冲洗稳定后,1号反应器出水NO3--N由未反冲洗前的17.61mg/L降低到10mg/L以下,说明适当的反冲洗可以有效恢复反应器运行,反冲洗与NOB抑制手段相结合能更好地维持反应器的长期稳定运行. 相似文献
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Xiaoyan Chang Dong Li Yuhai Liang Zhuo Yang Shaoming Cui Tao Liu Huiping Zeng Jie Zhang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2013,25(4):688-697
The stability and parameters of a bio-ceramic filter for completely autotrophic nitrogen removal were investigated.The completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite(CANON) reactor was fed with different concentrations of ammonia(400,300,and 200mg N/L) but constant influent ammonia load.The results showed that the CANON system can achieve good treatment performance at ambient temperature(15-23°C).The average removal rate and removal loading of NH4+-N and TN was 83.90%,1.26kg N/(m3·day),and 70.14%,1.09kg N/(m3·day),respectively.Among the influencing factors like pH,dissolved oxygen and alkalinity,it was indicated that the pH was the key parameter of the performance of the CANON system.Observing the variation of pH would contribute to better control of the CANON system in an intuitive and fast way.Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of microorganisms further revealed that there were some significant changes in the community structure of ammonium oxidizing bacteria,which had low diversity in different stages,while the species of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing(anammox) bacteria were fewer and the community composition was relatively stable.These observations showed that anaerobic ammonia oxidation was more stable than the aerobic ammonia oxidation,which could explain that why the CANON system maintained a good removal efficiency under the changing substrate conditions. 相似文献
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采用交替限氧-厌氧和低充放比(30%)运行模式,在SBR反应器中成功启动全自养脱氮(CANON)工艺,启动过程经历常规硝化主导阶段、短程硝化主导阶段和全自养脱氮阶段,总氮去除速率和总氮去除效率分别达到(312±15)mg/(L·d)和(71.2±4.3)%.培养得到的污泥中颗粒污泥(粒径3300μm)和絮状污泥(粒径<300μm)体积分别占污泥总体积的39%和61%.在自养脱氮性能恶化的SBR反应器进水中长期添加适量N2H4,反应器脱氮性能得以恢复甚至强化,反应器总氮去除速率升高到(480±34)mg/(L·d),颗粒污泥的比例增加到污泥总体积的51%. 相似文献
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Jinsong GUO Guohong YANG Fang FANG Yu QIN 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2008,2(4):439-445
In this study, three sequential batch biofilm reactors (SBBRs) were operated for 155 days to evaluate the performance of completely
autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process under different aeration modes and dissolved oxygen (DO). Synthetic
wastewater with 160-mg NH4
+-N/L was fed into the reactors. In the continuously-aerated reactor, the efficiency of the ammonium nitrogen conversion and
total nitrogen (TN) removal reached 80% and 70%, respectively, with DO between 0.8–1.0 mg/L. Whereas in the intermittently-aerated
reactor, at the aeration/non-aeration ratio of 1.0, ammonium was always under the detection limit and 86% of TN was removed
with DO between 2.0–2.5 mg/L during the aeration time. Results show that CANON could be achieved in both continuous and intermittent
aeration pattern. However, to achieve the same nitrogen removal efficiency, the DO needed in the intermittently-aerated sequential
batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) during the aeration period was higher than that in the continuously-aerated SBBR. In addition,
the DO in the CANON system should be adjusted to the aeration mode, and low DO was not a prerequisite to CANON process. 相似文献
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猪场废水脱氮与沼气脱硫耦联反应器的启动 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
采用鼓泡反应器研究猪场废水脱氮与沼气脱硫耦联反应器的启动,比较了启动过程中不接种污泥、接种厌氧污泥及接种好氧污泥对启动时间及效能的影响.结果表明,接种好氧污泥的反应器在第32d时氮硫同步去除率达到60%以上;不接种污泥的反应器氮硫同步去除率达到60%需要36d;而接种厌氧污泥的反应器则需要50d.成功启动后,在温度为30~32℃、空塔停留时间为9.75min、水力停留时间为4.78d、沼气中H2S浓度为1.70 8·m-3左右及进水NOx-N浓度为109 mg·L-1的条件下,不接种污泥反应器,接种厌氧污泥反应器和接种好氧污泥反应器的NOx-N去除率分别97%、91%、99%,硫化氢的去除率分别稳定在82%、78%和86%左右.接种好氧污泥的反应器硫化氢去除率最高可达92.3%.运行稳定后,3个反应器均可实现按相对固定的比例同时去除硫和氮,废水脱氮与沼气脱硫得到了很好耦联,在1个反应器中可以同时实现废水脱氮与沼气脱硫. 相似文献
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探究了4种低温水平下基于亚硝化的全程自养脱氮(CANON)型序批式生物膜反应器(SBBR)的运行效果及其氮素转化机制.结果表明,当CANON型SBBR在不同的低温水平下稳定运行后,其脱氮微生物优势菌群发生了不同程度的变化,随之改变了系统的氮素转化途径及其脱氮性能.当温度>15℃时,SBBR中AOB和anammox菌的丰度与活性未受到明显抑制,CANON作用始终是系统脱氮的主要途径,SBBR对TN的平均去除率亦较为理想;而当温度<15℃时,anammox菌的丰度与活性在10,5℃下分别出现不同程度的降低,进而改变了SBBR的氮素转化途径,使其脱氮性能出现不同程度的恶化.在10℃时,NOB的增殖及其活性的提高使硝化/反硝化作用取代CANON作用成为SBBR脱氮的主要途径,此时系统对TN的去除率骤降至(16.87±4.79)%;在5℃时,反硝化过程中第1步还原反应的停滞与反硝化菌对NO2--N利用率的提高使SBBR中氮素的去除依赖于CANON作用和短程硝化/反硝化作用的协同,系统对TN的去除率为(54.83±3.68)%. 相似文献
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采用间歇试验研究了微量NO2氛围下,好氧、厌氧氨氧化复合颗粒污泥动力学特性.结果表明,微量NO2能提高O2反应活性,强化好氧氨氧化过程.反应动力学可用Andrews方程描述,NO2半饱和系数和抑制系数分别为1.32,7.11μmol/L.NO2强化厌氧氨氧化过程动力学模型中最大强化系数为43.5,NO2半饱和系数和抑制系数分别为16.9,0.348μmol/L,基础速率系数为0.024.建立了NO2强化完全自营养脱氮动力学模型,并对EGSB反应器中脱氮过程进行了模拟,当DO为0.6mg/L,NO2为3.0μmol/L时,总氮去除率达最大值.根据模拟结果优化反应器运行条件,总氮去除率由26.86%~31.65%提高到58.83%~63.08%,总氮平均去除速率由0.113 kg/(m3·d)提高到0.234kg/(m3·d). 相似文献
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A combined process consisting of a short-cut nitrification (SN) reactor and an anaerobic ammonium oxidation upflow anaerobic sludge bed (ANAMMOX) reactor was developed to treat the diluted effluent from an upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor treating high ammonium municipal landfill leachate.The SN process was performed in an aerated upflow sludge bed (AUSB) reactor (working volume 3.05 L),treating about 50% of the diluted raw wastewater.The ammonium removal efficiency and the ratio of NO 2 N to NOx-N in the effluent were both higher than 80%,at a maximum nitrogen loading rate of 1.47 kg/(m 3 ·day).The ANAMMOX process was performed in an UASB reactor (working volume 8.5 L),using the mix of SN reactor effluent and diluted raw wastewater at a ratio of 1:1.The ammonium and nitrite removal efficiency reached over 93% and 95%,respectively,after 70-day continuous operation,at a maximum total nitrogen loading rate of 0.91 kg/(m 3 ·day),suggesting a successful operation of the combined process.The average nitrogen loading rate of the combined system was 0.56 kg/(m 3 ·day),with an average total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiency 87%.The nitrogen in the effluent was mostly nitrate.The results provided important evidence for the possibility of applying SN-ANAMMOX after UASB reactor to treat municipal landfill leachate. 相似文献
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基于竖流式一体化反应器实现自养生物脱氮研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了更好地实现亚硝化和厌氧氨氧化工艺联合,根据亚硝化和厌氧氨氧化微生物的生长特性设计了一种新型的自养生物脱氮反应器.通过接种亚硝化和厌氧氨氧化微生物,研究了实现该反应器自养生物脱氮的可行性和运行特性.实验结果表明,该单一反应器能够实现亚硝化与厌氧氨氧化菌的分区培养.经过104d的运行,反应器脱氮效能从0.25kg/(m3·d)上升到1.46kg/(m3·d).利用亚硝化曝气尾气和厌氧区产生的氮气实现了亚硝化液的气升回流,进气量(X)与回流量(Y)呈现出Y=2.8X-37.1的线性关系.回流比由最初的4上升到14,未对厌氧区环境产生影响,厌氧区ORP始终保持在-500mV左右.同时回流液稀释了进水氨氮浓度,缓和了基质对厌氧氨氧化菌的影响. 相似文献