Influence of ambient temperature on the CO2 emitted of light-duty vehicle

Because of global warming,people have paid more attention to greenhouse gas emitted by vehicles.To quantify the impact of temperature on vehicle CO₂emissions,this study was conducted using the world light vehicle test cycle on two light-duty E10 gasoline vehicles a ambient temperatures of-10,0,23,and 40℃,and found that CO₂emission factors of Vehicle1 in the low-speed phase were 22.07%and 20.22%higher than those of Vehicle 2 at cold star and hot start under-10℃.The reason wa...     

Spatial distribution of fossil fuel derived CO2 over India using radiocarbon measurements in crop plants

Examining the contribution of fossil fuel CO₂to the total CO₂changes in the atmosphere is of primary concern due to its alarming levels of fossil fuel emissions over the globe,specifi cally developing countries.Atmospheric radiocarbon represents an important observationa constraint and utilized to trace fossil fuel derived CO₂(CO_2ff) in the atmosphere.For the firs time,we have presented a detailed analysis on the spatial distribution of fossil fuel der...     

Recent advances in heterogeneous catalysis of solar-driven carbon dioxide conversion

Solar-driven carbon dioxide (CO₂) conversion including photocatalytic (PC),photoelectrochemical (PEC),photovoltaic plus electrochemical (PV/EC) systems,offers a renewable and scalable way to produce fuels and high-value chemicals for environment and energy sustainability.This review summarizes the basic fundament and the recent advances in the field of solar-driven CO₂ conversion.Expanding the visible-light absorption is an important strategy to improve solar energy convers...     

Response of ocean acidification to atmospheric carbon dioxide removal

Artificial CO₂ removal from the atmosphere (also referred to as negative CO₂ emissions)has been proposed as a potential means to counteract anthropogenic climate change.Here we use an Earth system model to examine the response of ocean acidification to idealized atmospheric CO₂ removal scenarios.In our simulations,atmospheric CO₂ is assumed to increase at a rate of 1% per year to four times its pre-industrial value and then decreases to the pre-industr...     

Catalytic co-combustion of biomass and brown coal in a fluidized bed: Economic and environmental benefits

The work is devoted to the study of combustion of brown coal,pine sawdust,and their mixtures in a fluidized bed of catalyst at 600–750°С.It is shown that an increase in the content of sawdust in a mixture with brown coal leads to an increase in the burnout degree of solid fuel from 94.4%to 99.9%,while the emission of greenhouse gases in the form of CO₂CO and NO_xis reduced (CO₂from the biomass is not included in the balance).The high content of alkaline earth meta...     

Nickel-based cerium zirconate inorganic complex structures for CO2 valorisation via dry reforming of methane

The increasing anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) is encouraging extensive research in CO₂utilisation.Dry reforming of methane (DRM) depicts a viable strategy to convert both CO₂and CH₄into syngas,a worthwhile chemical intermediate.Among the different active phases for DRM,the use of nickel as catalyst is economically favourable,but typically deactivates due to sintering and carbon deposition.The stabilisation of Ni at different loadings in cerium ...     

Effect of reduction pretreatment on the structure and catalytic performance of Ir-In2O3 catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol

In₂O₃has been found a promising application in CO₂hydrogenation to methanol,which is beneficial to the utilization of CO₂.The oxygen vacancy (O_v) site is identified as the catalytic active center of this reaction.However,there remains a great challenge to understand the relations between the state of oxygen species in In₂O₃and the catalytic performance for CO₂hydrogenation to methanol.In the present work,we c...     

Enhancement of the CO2 adsorption and hydrogenation to CH4 capacity of Ru–Na–Ca/γ–Al2O3 dual function material by controlling the Ru calcination atmosphere

Integrated CO₂capture and utilization (ICCU) technology requires dual functional materials(DFMs) to carry out the process in a single reaction system.The influence of the calcination atmosphere on efficiency of 4%Ru-8%Na₂CO₃-8%CaO/γ-Al₂O₃DFM is studied.The adsorbent precursors are first co-impregnated onto alumina and calcined in air.Then,Ru precursor is impregnated and four aliquotes are subjected to different calcination protocols:static a...     

Supercritical fluid technology as a sustainable alternative method for textile dyeing:An approach on waste,energy, and CO2 emission reduction

The clothing industry is considered one of the most polluting industries on the planet due to the high consumption of water,energy,chemicals/dyes,and high generation of solid waste and effluents.Faced with environmental concerns,the textile ennoblement sector is the most critical of the textile production chain,especially the traditional dyeing processes.As an alternative to current problems,dyeing with supercritical CO₂(scCO₂) has been presented as a clean and efficient pr...     

One-step preparation of a novel graphitic biochar/Cu0/Fe3O4 composite using CO2-ambiance pyrolysis to activate peroxydisulfate for dye degradation

Herein,a one-step co-pyrolysis protocol was adopted for the first time to prepare a novel pyrogenic carbon-Cu⁰/Fe₃O₄ heteroatoms (FCBC) in CO₂ ambiance to discern the roles of each component in PDS activation.During co-pyrolysis,CO₂ catalyzed formation of reducing gases by biomass which facilitated reductive transformation of Fe³⁺ and Cu²⁺ to Cu⁰ and Fe₃O₄,respectively.According to the a...     

Spherical Bi2O3/ATO catalyst with N2 pre-reduction electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to formic acid

To achieve carbon neutrality,the Chinese government needs to gain a comprehensive understanding of the sources and drivers of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions,particularly at the county level.Anji County in eastern China is a typical example of an industrial transformation from quarrying to a low-carbon economy.This study analyzed the decoupling types and structural characteristics of GHG emissions and the driving factors of carbon dioxide(CO₂) emissions in the Anji from 2006 to 2019,an...     

Structural characteristics and drivers of greenhouse gas emissions at county-level and long-time scales:A case study of the Anji County,China

To achieve carbon neutrality,the Chinese government needs to gain a comprehensive understanding of the sources and drivers of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions,particularly at the county level.Anji County in eastern China is a typical example of an industrial transformation from quarrying to a low-carbon economy.This study analyzed the decoupling types and structural characteristics of GHG emissions and the driving factors of carbon dioxide(CO₂) emissions in the Anji from 2006 to 2019,an...     

Revealing the anti-sintering phenomenon on silica-supported nickel catalysts during CO2 hydrogenation

The CO₂catalytic hydrogenation represents a promising approach for gas-phase CO₂utilization in a direct manner.Due to its excellent hydrogenation ability,nickel has been widely studied and has shown good activities in CO₂ hydrogenation reactions,in addition to its high availability and low price.However,Ni-based catalysts are prone to sintering under elevated temperatures,leading to unstable catalytic performance.In the present study,various characterization tech...     

Low SO2 emission from CFB co-firing MSW and bituminous

Influence of co-firing rate on SO2 emission from co-firing municipal solid waste(MSW) and bituminous containing high amount of sulfur(1.79%) was studied in a 0.15 MWt circulating fluidized bed (CFB). The temperature selected is 1123 K, typical for MSW incineration using CFB. The particle concentration in the dilution zone of the furnace, the alkali metal concentration and sulfate concentration in the recirculating ash and fly ash, and flue gas composition were determined. The results showed that the addition of MSW leads to a significant decrease in SO2 emission. Concentration of SO2 in flue gas decreased to 0 with the co-firing rate greater than 51%. This reduction in SO2 emission is attributed both to the high particle concentration in the dilution zone of the furnace, the high content of alkali metals in the bed material, and to the comparatively high concentration of HCI in flue gas during co-firing of MSW and bituminous.     

Comparative measurement of CO2, CH4 and CO at two traffic interjunctions having inflated vehicular flow in Delhi

Vehicular emissions are considered one of the major anthropogenic sources of greenhouse gases and poor air quality in metropolitan cities.This study aims to see the correlation of CO₂,CH₄,and CO through monitoring over a period from December 2020 to October 2021 covering three seasons’winter,summer,and monsoon at two different traffic locations of Delhi having different traffic volumes,road patterns,and traffic management.The annual average morning concentration of CO_2...     

Integrated CO2 capture and reduction catalysis:Role of γ-Al2O3 support,unique state of potassium and synergy with copper

Carbon dioxide capture and reduction (CCR) process emerges as an efficient catalytic strategy for CO₂ capture and conversion to valuable chemicals.K-promoted Cu/Al₂O₃ catalysts exhibited promising CO₂ capture efficiency and highly selective conversion to syngas(CO+H₂).The dynamic nature of the Cu-K system at reaction conditions complicates the identification of the catalytically active phase and surface sites.The present work aims at more pr...     

Constructing extrinsic oxygen vacancy on the surface of photocatalyst as CO2 and electrons reservoirs to improve photocatalytic CO2 reduction activity

Constructing own oxygen vacancies in the photocatalysts is a very promising method to improve their photocatalytic CO₂ reduction activity.However,some catalysts have excellent stabilities,making it difficult for them to construct their own oxygen vacancies.To simplify the above difficulty of stable photocatalysts,constructing extrinsic oxygen vacancies on their surface as a novel idea is proposed.Here,a stable TiO₂nanosheet is chosen as a research object,we uniformly deposi...     

Boosting oxygen vacancies by modulating the morphology of Au decorated In2O3 with enhanced CO2 hydrogenation activity to CH3OH

CO₂ hydrogenation to methanol has become one of the most promising ways for CO₂ utilization,however,the CO₂ conversion rate and methanol selectivity of this reaction still need to be improved for industrial application.Here we investigated the structure-activity relationship for CO₂ conversion to methanol of In₂O₃-based catalysts by modulating morphology and decorating Au.Three different Au/In₂O₃catalysts wer...     

Degradation behaviors of Nabumetone and its metabolite during UV/monochloramine process:Experimental and theoretical study

This study investigated degradation behaviors of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug Nabumetone (NMT) and its major metabolite 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid (MNA) in the coupling process of ultraviolet and monochloramine (UV/NH₂Cl).The second-order rate constants of the contaminants reacting with reactive radicals (HO·,Cl·,Cl₂·^-,and CO₃·^-)were determined by laser flash photolysis experiments.HO·and Cl·contributed predominantly with 52.3%...     

Biomass chemical looping gasification for syngas production using modified hematite as oxygen carriers

Syngas is a clean energy carrier and a major industrial feedstock. In this paper, syngas was produced via biomass chemical looping gasification(CLG) process. Hematite, the most common Fe-based oxygen carrier(OC), was modified with different metal oxides(CeO₂, CaO and MgO) by the impregnation method. The hematite modified by CeO₂, CaO and MgO was namely as CeO₂-hematite(CeO₂-H), CaO-hematite(CaO-H) and MgO-hematite(MgO-H), respectively. The introduction...