做好职工心理疏导已成企业的迫切任务

介绍了企业员工心理现状和心理＂亚健康＂状态的产生原因,认为企业要通过心理疏导缓解职工工作生活压力,指出心理疏导是企业关注职工身心健康的重要手段,并提出了开展职工心理疏导的具体对策措施。     

What happens when you trust your supervisor? Mediators of individual performance in trust relationships

To understand how trust in supervisor translates into individual job performance, we hypothesize that trust in supervisor facilitates positive psychological conditions of meaningfulness, safety, and availability, which in turn predict individual job performance. We assert that each of the three mediating paths in our model represents a distinct mechanism by which trust in supervisor contributes to individual job performance. We test our hypotheses with 206 supervisor–subordinate dyads and find that trust in supervisor contributes to job performance through psychological availability and psychological safety but not psychological meaningfulness. By examining three different psychological mechanisms within the same frame, we provide a test that compares and contrasts the uniqueness of the three pathways. Our findings suggest practical ways for managers to build trust with subordinates and guidance for the design of productive work conditions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于心理资本的机场安检员工作不安全感对工作绩效的影响

为研究机场安检员不安全感对工作绩效的影响,基于心理资本调节作用提出工作不安全感对工作绩效(任务绩效、周边绩效、适应绩效)影响研究假设,以机场安检员为研究样本进行纵向实证研究,运用多元层次回归分析法探究工作不安全感与3种工作绩效的作用路径及心理资本的调节效应。结果表明:工作不安全感与任务绩效、周边绩效、适应绩效3种工作绩效指标间存在纵向U形曲线关系,并且这种U形关系只存在于心理资本较低的机场安检员;心理资本在工作不安全感与工作绩效之间起调节作用;可开发的心理资本能够削弱机场安检员工作不安全感与工作绩效间的纵向曲线效应。研究结论可为改善机场安检员工作绩效管理模式、提升民航业安检运行水平提供参考。     

The moderating role of calling in the work–family interface: Buffering and substitution effects on employee satisfaction

This research seeks for improved understanding regarding the interaction of meaningful work and the work–family interface. Existing literature suggests that experiencing a sense of calling toward work makes the work domain particularly salient to employees compared to other life domains. In this article, we draw on this idea, rooted in identity theory, to hypothesize that a sense of calling toward work diminishes the effects of work–family conflict and work–family enrichment on employee's job and life satisfaction. We test these ideas in two studies. First, we surveyed an alumni sample of 598 employees from various jobs, industries, and job levels. Then, in a constructive replication, we surveyed 327 employees using a time-lagged design. Calling was found to significantly buffer the effect of work–family conflict on job satisfaction in Study 2, but not Study 1. Calling did not buffer the effect of conflict on life satisfaction in either study. However, both studies demonstrated that calling attenuated (substituted for) the effect of work–family enrichment on job satisfaction. Study 1 supported the idea that calling attenuates the effect of enrichment on life satisfaction; however, this interactive effect was reversed in Study 2, contrary to expectations. We discuss implications for theory and practice related to callings and career choices, as well as for the role of calling and work identity in the work–family interface.     

Experimental evidence for the effects of task repetitiveness on mental strain and objective work performance

People frequently have to work in high repetitive jobs. Previous research has focused exclusively on the effects of task repetitiveness on well‐being, while neglecting effects on work performance. In the present study, we aimed to fill this void by conducting two workplace simulations with experimental manipulations of task repetitiveness. Participants worked for about 5 hours at either a computer workstation, compiling computer hardware packages according to customer requests (Experiment 1, N = 160), or at an assembly line, piecing together equipment sets for furniture (Experiment 2, N = 213). Both experiments provide consistent evidence that high repetitiveness has a detrimental effect on well‐being, whereas work performance increases under conditions of high repetitiveness. On a practical level, our study hence shows that high task repetitiveness is a double‐edged sword for both employees and organizations. On a conceptual level, our findings emphasize the necessity to account for both mental strain and work performance when examining the effects of task repetitiveness. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

安全生产管理是企业的生存之本

阐述了安全生产管理在企业生存和发展中的重要性，并就如何提高安全生产管理工作提出了一些切实可行的建议和企业安全生产管理的基本原则和措施。     

Are there any job resources capable of moderating the effect of physical demands on work ability? A study among kindergarten teachers

Background. It is recognized that teaching in a preschool context is physically demanding. Despite this, the consequences of physical demands on psychophysical health (including work ability) are significantly understudied among kindergarten teachers. Objectives. The aim of the present study is to examine (a) the association between physical demands and work ability and (b) whether psychosocial job resources buffer the negative impact of physical demands among kindergarten teachers. Method. A total of 426 kindergarten teachers employed in the municipal educational services of a city in northwest Italy filled out a self-reported questionnaire. Results. High association was found between physical demand and work ability. Moderated hierarchical regressions showed that decision authority, skill discretion, reward and meaning of work buffer the hampering effect of physical demands and work ability. No buffering effects were observed for support from superiors and colleagues. Conclusion. The present study has relevant, practical implications, highlighting the importance of investing in interventions encompassing a holistic perspective (e.g., psychosocial and ergonomic) in order to effectively combat the hampering effect of physical demands on work ability.     

我国危险化学品安全生产现状与对策

危险化学品事故后果与其它事故相比,更具突发性、复杂性点,直接影响经济发展和社会安定.因此,危险化学品安全生产在我国安全生产格局中占据比较重要的位置.为探索我国危险化学品安全生产对策,在对我国危险化学品领域安全生产深入研究的基础上,分析了我国危险化学品安全生产的形势和存在的主要问题,并提出了包括逐步完善危险化学品安全生产法律法规标准、强化各级安全生产责任制、加大危险化学品安全科学技术研究和推广应用、加强对重大危险源的监控、加快危险化学品应急救援体系建设等主要对策措施,这对提高我国危险化学品安全生产水平具有一定的借鉴意义.