抗击"非典"一线英雄们的保护神--特种医用防护服--访中国工程院院士姚穆教授

我国著名纺织材料学专家、中国工程院院士、西安工程科技学院名誉院长姚穆教授与我国最具权威的个体防护专家、中国工程院院士、总后军需装备研究所周国泰所长,分别在人体着装舒适性和个体防护材料研究方面具有很深的造诣,并在新型纺织材料研发方面成绩显著.他们带领一批优秀人才,在短短的一个月时间里研制出了新型特种医用防护服,缓解了举国抗击"非典"战役中的燃眉之急.     

崛起中的PPE产业 发展中的新明辉——山东省临沂市新明辉安全科技有限公司发展纪实

随着国家经济实力的提升和"以人为本"科学理念的贯彻,我国劳动者的职业安全与健康水平正在得到不断改善,这其中包含着中国个体防护装备产业同仁们的努力与奉献。与劳动者对职业安全健康不断增长的需求相比,我国个体防护装备产业的供给能力在质和量两个方面都还远远不能满足需要。为此,加速技术进步和结构升级已经成为了我国个体防护装备产业面临的严峻挑战。促进技术进步,推动我国个体防护装备产业的结构升级,是本刊长期以来所践行的一项重要使命。要想有效应对挑战,我们必须充分研究挑战来自何方、性质怎样、强度如何,只有这样才能做到知己知彼,才有可能化挑战为机遇。本刊今年开始开辟了《行业标杆》专栏,向业界同仁们全面展示世界领先的个体防护装备制造商的发展经验,以供学习、借鉴。他山之石可以攻玉。本刊展示的这些行业领军企业应成为我国个体防护装备企业自主创新发展所参照的标杆,学习他们,将帮助我们确立起适宜的发展目标,制定好合理的发展规划,设计出科学的实施路径,从而使产业在自主创新发展的新的历史时期能够有所突破。     

安全研究的预设和途径及新观点

由于安全问题的复杂性和多样性,安全理论一般都很难被广大安全工作者高度认同。因此,亟需研究厘清安全的维度、给出安全研究的预设、梳理安全研究的途径和开拓新的安全理论。本文运用理论研究、科学分类和逻辑思辨等方法对上述几个方面的问题开展研究,首先从安全边界、安全主体、安全物资、安全环境、安全知识、安全管理、安全信息7个方面梳理了安全的维度,给出了几条安全研究的预设;其次,梳理了从事故预防、风险管理和本源安全出发的安全研究3条途径,并比较了它们的优缺点等;最后综述了近年出现的3种安全新思想。研究结果对认识安全研究的复杂性、合理选择安全研究路径、寻找未来安全工作新方向新领域等具有重要的理论和实际意义。     

New investigation findings on the 2006 Danvers,MA explosion

On November 22, 2006 the largest explosion in the history of Massachusetts occurred in Danvers, MA at approximately 2:46 am. This paper presents a detailed analysis into the potential causes and lessons learned from the Danvers explosion. Other investigative groups concluded that the cause of the explosion was an overheated production tank. However, the analyses presented here demonstrate that their proposed scenario could not have occurred and that other potential causes are more likely.Using the computational fluid dynamics tool FLACS, it was possible to investigate the chain of events leading to the explosion, including: (1) evaluating various leak scenarios by modeling the dispersion and mixing of gases and vapors within the facility, (2) evaluating potential ignition sources within the facility of the flammable fuel–air mixture, and (3) evaluating the explosion itself by comparing the resulting overpressures of the exploding fuel–air cloud with the structural response of the facility and the observed near-field and far-field blast damage. These results, along with key witness statements and other analyses, provide valuable insight into the likely cause of this incident. Based on the results of our detailed analysis, lessons learned regarding the investigative procedure and methods for mitigating this and future explosions are discussed.     

远程监控系统新趋势纯硬联网监控网络

随着安防系统的不断扩大,网络化视频监控系统在电力、电信、高速公路和银行等大型监控项目中得到广泛的应用,在这样的工程中,多个监控中心(例如100个)需要联网共享视频、音频和报警信息。当然,传统上我们可以按照TCP/IP协议通过网络化的图形用户接口软件来满足这一要求,这是一种基于PC机的做法。但是在很多情况下,纯粹的硬联网网络系统更受欢迎,可以提供更加灵活、可靠和经济的解决方案。 远程监控系统的典型技术要求:     

新型抗静电阻燃ABS、PP、PE材料

阐述了使ABS、PP、PE材料兼具抗静电、阻燃的机理,试验表明,选择与防静电剂相容的阻燃剂可使ABS、PP、PE材料获得良好的双防性能.     

基于DPSIR模型的天津滨海新区生态环境安全评价研究

根据"驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应"模型框架,提出了一套系统的区域生态安全水平度量的指标体系和评价模型,对天津滨海新区生态环境安全状态进行评估.首先选取能够反映区域驱动力、压力、状态、影响、和响应的32个指标构建评价指标体系; 其次,根据国家、行业和地方标准,结合国内外先进地区的现状进行指标的标准化赋值; 最后,建立区域生态环境安全综合评价模型.研究结果表明,2006年滨海新区的生态环境安全指数为0.49,2010年为0.55,2020年为0.67,分别处于警戒、警戒和较好状态.说明在滨海新区社会经济发展过程中,污染物的集中处理、物质的循环利用等响应措施的实施能够有效提高区域生态环境安全水平.     

Epidemiology of subway-related fatalities in New York City, 1990-2003

Problem

Subway transit is a relatively safe mode of transportation, yet compared to all other forms of mass transit in the United States (U.S.), subways have the highest fatality rate. The aim of this paper is to characterize subway-related fatalities in order to identify opportunities for risk reduction.

Method

Medical examiner records for all New York City (NYC) subway-related deaths (1990-2003) were reviewed. Data were abstracted on decedents' demographics and autopsy findings, including laboratory findings.

Results

There were 668 subway-related fatalities, of these, 10 (1.5%) were homicides, 343 (51.3%) were determined to be suicides, and 315 (47.2%) were accidental. Although decedent characteristics varied between fatality categories, they were not particularly informative with regard to prevention.

Conclusion

Prevention strategies that focus on structural controls are likely to be most efficacious in improving the overall safety of the NYC subway systems.

Impact on industry

These findings suggest that structural rather than individual-level interventions would be most successful in preventing subway fatalities.     

新动态

我国强制性产品认证制度已于八月一日正式实施。国家认证认可监督管理委员会和商务部联合发出通知,要求严把市场准人关。 强制性产品认证制度是中国为保护消费者人身安全和动植物生命安