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1.
报道了锦蛇属团花锦蛇(E.davidi)、绿锦蛇(E.prvsina)和三索锦蛇(E.radiata)3个种的核型和Ag-NORs,团花锦蛇的型2n=36(8V+6sV+2I+20M),绿锦蛇的核型2n=36(7V+7sV+2I+20m),三索锦蛇的核型2n=40(6V+3sV+2sI+5I+24m);①团花锦蛇和绿锦蛇的染色体数目和结构与此属大多数咱的相似,;②此种为雄性,未见染色体异型。③Ag  相似文献   

2.
以骨髓细胞直接制备染色体标本,分析了游蛇属(Naotrix)3种和链蛇属(Dinodon)1种蛇的核型.草游蛇(N.stolata)2n=36,18(15M+1ST+2T)·18m(♀).渔游蛇(N.Piscator)2n=40,16(10M+1SM+3ST+2T)·24m(♀).乌游蛇(N.p.percarinata)2n=40,18(8M十2SM+8T)·22m(♂).赤链蛇(D.rufozonatum)2n=46,20(1M+3SM+16T)·26m(♀).草游蛇和渔游蛇的Nos,赤链蛇的No3为ZZ/ZW型性染色体.草游蛇Z染色体为M型,W染色体为ST型;渔游蛇Z为SM型,W也是ST型;赤链蛇Z为M型,W为SM型.三者Z均略大于W.草游蛇和渔游蛇No4长臂末端有时可见随体.对游蛇属、链蛇属以及游蛇亚科(Colubrinae)已知各属种的核型进行了比较和讨论.  相似文献   

3.
高效液相色谱法分析水中痕量多环芳烃   总被引:14,自引:3,他引:14  
朱利中  沈学优 《环境化学》1999,18(5):488-492
本文利用高效液相色谱法测定水中痕量多环芳烃(PAHs)。以二氯甲烷作溶剂,超声提取水中痕量PAHs;甲醇、水作流动相,梯度淋洗,用程序可变波长荧光检测器测定。PHAs浓度为0.007=0.6μg·ml^-1范围时,线性相关系数均在0.9999以上;峰高、峰面积的相对标准偏差(n=10)分别为1.01-1.85%,2.00-3.94%;检测限(S/N=2)为3.1-23.0pg;实际水样的加标回收率  相似文献   

4.
安徽沿江地区4种蛇的染色体组型、C带和Ag-NORs研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
本文报道游蛇亚科4种蛇的核型、C带和AgNORs,结果:黄链蛇2n=46.虎斑游蛇2n=40,第4号染色体(No.4)有随体.鸟梢蛇和紫灰锦蛇2n=36,鸟梢蛇的No.5短臂近着丝粒区有一次缢痕.虎斑游蛇No.5为性染色体,其余3种的性染色体为No.4.这4种蛇均为AF=50;C带型的种属性特征明显,其中紫灰锦蛇的端粒型C带特别发育,其余三种以着丝粒C带较发达.黄链蛇、虎斑游蛇和紫灰锦蛇的W染色体C带正染呈现整条异染色质化;银染结果4种蛇均只显示一对NORs,但其分布不同,其中虎斑游蛇NORs呈异态现象.文章讨论了核型的演化和次缢痕、NORs及C带的关系  相似文献   

5.
罗孟飞  朱波 《环境化学》1996,15(3):193-198
本文考察了An-Mn,Ag-Co和Ag-Ce复合氧化物上CO,丙酮和吡啶的催化氧化性能,结果表明,双组分Ag-Mn/Al2O3和Ag-Co/Al2O3催化剂的氧化活性均高于单组分Ag/Al2O3.在Ag-Ce/Al2O3催化剂上,CO氧化反应的速率言程可用r=kPo2^mPCO来表示,随着催化剂中氧化铈含量的增加,对氧的反应级数明显下降。  相似文献   

6.
取代芳烃的自相关拓扑与其生物活性、性质的关系研究   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
本文提出表征原子生物活性的特征值(Ai),由Ai建构自相关拓扑指数。其中1阶指数^1F与氯代苯的8种理化性质的相关性优于Kier的^1x^v,^1F与17种取代芳烃lgKOW的相关系数为0.9949,计算值与实验值非常吻合,取代芳烃对水生生物急性毒性与^1F的线性回归方程如下:发光菌:-lgEC50=2.677+0.015^1f,n=30,r=0.943,s=0.205,保鲦鱼:-lgLC50=2  相似文献   

7.
研究表明Ce^3+在pH〈6.2KCl介质中以254.0nm紫外光激发时,在352.0nm处发出具有恒定强度的荧光。因而可选择pH5-6作为测定酸度条件,利用Al2(SO4)3消除Fe^3+等离子的干扰,建立起Ce^3+的流动注射荧光分析法。方法的线性范围是2.0×10^-7—2.0×10^-6mol/l,一元回归方程△F=663600C-0.041(n=10,r=0.9997),检测限6.0×1  相似文献   

8.
土壤中水溶性有机碳与铜的相互影响   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
通过向土壤溶液中加入Cu2+和可溶性有机碳(DOC),研究它们之间的相互作用.结果发现,加入铜可以显著改变土壤水溶性有机碳(WSOC)的吸着平衡,并降低了其水溶性.影响程度在0.8mmol·l-1Cu以下随铜浓度的增加而增加.加入0.5mmol·l-1铜的土壤中 WSOS含量从 0.27mg C·g-1降至0.047mg C·g-1,吸着系数从6.6×10-3l·g-1降至3.3×10-3l·g-1.另一方面,用Freundlich方程描述铜离子在土壤中的吸附行为(液相浓度单位取mmol·l-1,固相浓度取mmol·g-1土),k=9.l×10-3;n=3.40. 加入DOC后,k=9.2×10-3;n=3.66,没有明显改变土壤对铜的吸附性能.加入小同浓度的DOC,结果仍说明该浓度范围内DOC(<8mg C·l-1)的加入没有明显改变土壤对铜的吸附性能.  相似文献   

9.
垃圾填埋场渗滤液处理工艺研究   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
通过对垃圾填埋处理场渗滤液的处理工艺研究,并根据渗滤液的特性建立一套适合我国实际的 A— O— C— C L 处理工艺.试验研究结果表明,出水ρ( C O D Cr) = 205 .6 mg L- 1 、ρ( B O D5) = 18 .2 mg L- 1 、ρ( N H3 - N) ≈0mg L- 1 、色度= 40( 倍) 、n( 大肠菌群数) = 200 个 L- 1 .达到 G B16889 - 1997《生活垃圾填埋污染控制标准》中对垃圾渗滤液排放要求的二级标准  相似文献   

10.
土壤中结合态苯氧羧酸类除草剂的测定   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
利用超临界CO2流体萃取的方法提取2甲4氯(MCPA),2,4-D和除草醚在三种土壤中的结合残留.结果表明,在培养200d的时间内,MCPA的结合残留量为1.0l-5.12mg·kg-1,占添加总量的2.0-10.1%;2,4-D的结合残留量为0.24-2.65mg·kg-1,占添加总量的0.5-5.3%;除草醚的结合残留量为6.53-19.30mg·kg-1,占添加总邑的12.9—38.2%.农药结合态与游离态含量的比值随时间的延长而增加.  相似文献   

11.
采用空气干燥法制备骨髓细胞染色体标本 ,报道了雀形目 5科 8种鸟的核型 ,其中八色鸫科为世界首次报道核型的科 .比较研究表明 :臂间倒位和小染色体缺失在所描述类群的染色体进化中起着重要作用 .图版 2表 6参 15  相似文献   

12.
采用土壤盆栽试验法,研究6个不同基因型水稻品种根表铁膜形成及其对As吸收、转运的影响。结果表明,水稻形成根表铁膜在不同基因型品种之间差异显著(p<0.001),其中品种94D-22形成铁膜量(以Fe含量计)是品种圭630的1.5~1.8倍,添加As处理对水稻根表铁膜形成影响不显著。低As含量的对照土壤中,水稻根表铁膜量与根系As含量存在着显著的正相关关系(r=0.657,n=24,p<0.01),与As转移系数呈显著的负相关关系(r=-0.612,n=24,p<0.01)。土壤添加As后,水稻根表铁膜量与茎叶As含量存在显著的正相关关系(r=0.653-0.673,n=24,p<0.01),与As转运之间无显著相关性。比较生长于As污染土壤的不同水稻品种,科优1360茎叶积累As较少,且其根系转运As能力也较差,而品种94D-22正好相反。研究结果表明,在As含量较低的土壤中,水稻根表铁膜的存在可成为根系As的障碍层,阻止As向地上部转运;但在As含量较高的土壤,根表铁膜的存在却促进了水稻茎叶对As的积累,其对As的转运没有显著影响。人们可通过作物品种筛选来防治土壤As污染危害、降低As对人体健康的威胁。  相似文献   

13.
云南高黎贡山白颌大角蟾的核型,C—带及Ag—NORs的研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
比较了云南高黎贡山地区的贡山独龙江和腾冲大蒿坪白颌大角蟾(Megophryslateralis)两个地理种群的核型、C-带和Ag-NORs结果表明,两个地理种群在核型和带型上都有差异两个地理种群的核型均为2n=26,NF=52染色体形态差异不明显,而次缢痕的位置完全不同,贡山独龙江标本的次缢痕位于No.2的长臂上近着丝点处,腾冲标本的次缢痕位于No.5的短臂上近着丝点的部位在腾冲标本中发现一雄性个体中有一条额外的染色体,可能是B染色体两地标本的C-带差异不太显著,贡山独龙江标本的C-带相对较为显著.贡山独龙江标本的Ag-NORs位于No.2长臂近着丝点处,与次缢痕的部位对应,两条同源染色体上大小有显著差异.腾冲标本的Ag-NORs位于No.5短臂上近着丝点处,与次缢痕的部位对应依据核型和带型的比较,对白颌大角蟾的分类和进化问题进行了讨论。  相似文献   

14.
The growing demand for fish around the world is an immediate threat to marine megafauna that are unintentionally captured in commercial and artisanal fishery operations. Bycatch mitigation strategies, such as turtle excluder devices, circle hooks, and net illumination, have successfully reduced this risk in some fisheries. We explored the effectiveness of gillnet illumination to reduce sea turtle captures in 2 artisanal fisheries (Mankoadze and Winneba, Ghana) under normal fishing conditions. We first quantified sea turtle bycatch in Ghana's artisanal gillnet fishery from 15 boats for 12 months. We then quantified catch of targeted species and sea turtle bycatch from 20 boats for 15 months (7427 net sets). For 10 of these boats, we placed a Centro Economy green light (1 LED) at each 10-m interval on the net. We also quantified target catch and sea turtle bycatch from 30 boats for 8 months (2250 net sets). In 15 of these boats, a Centro Deluxe green light (3 LEDs) was installed at 15-m intervals. Boats with economy lights and those with deluxe lights both exhibited an 81% decrease in sea turtle captures (W = 1, p < 0.001, n = 20; W = 215, p < 0.001, n = 30, respectively) compared with control boats without lights. Illuminated nets resulted in fewer turtle catches for leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea), olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea), and green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) (p < 0.05 for all species). Target catch (mass) (W = 53, p = 0.853 n = 20; W = 76, p = 0.449, n = 23) and value (W = 50, p = 1, n = 20; W = 69, p = 0.728, = 23) were not different across treatments. Our study affirms net illumination can reduce capture rates of 3 species of sea turtles, including the imperiled leatherback. Gear modification methods can successfully reduce bycatch if they are affordable and have broad applications for multiple species in different fisheries.  相似文献   

15.
为研究水稻根形态及磷营养状况对水稻吸收和转运五价砷的调控作用,采用水培的方法,研究了在不同外部磷浓度(0、10、50、150、300μM KH2PO4)下水稻(Oryza sativa L.)短根突变体与野生型短期内对五价砷(10μM Na3AsO4)吸收和转运的差异.结果表明,水稻根形态(短根突变体与野生型)和磷营养状况均能对水稻吸收和转运五价砷产生显著影响:1)磷能竞争性抑制水稻对五价砷的吸收,随营养液中磷浓度的增加,水稻地上部和地下部五价砷含量、单位根干重砷吸收量(根系砷吸收能力)均显著降低;2)水稻短根突变体对五价砷的吸收能力低于野生型,但转运能力高于野生型.  相似文献   

16.
Diploid modal numbers of chromosomes 2n=48 forHippocampus ramulosus and 2n=44 forH. hippocampus, collected in the Gulf of Palermo in May 1985, are established. No sex-linked heteromorphic pairs are observed in the two species analyzed. The karyotype ofH. hippocampus seems to be a derived condition.  相似文献   

17.
兰竹荔枝胚珠内源激素含量变化与胚胎发育的关系   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以兰竹荔枝胚胎发育时期的正常胚珠与败育胚珠为试验材料,研究了胚胎发育与内源激素的关系,结果表明:正常胚珠中IAA、GA1+3和ABA含量均在花后7d达到峰值,随后呈下降趋势;但IAA和GA1+3含量在心形胚至鱼雷胚时期都有所回升,CTK含量在球形胚之前一直很高,败育胚珠中ABA含量在胚胎败育期保持较高水平,IAA和GA1+3则降到最低点,CTK含量亦明显低于正常胚珠,ZRs、DHZRs和iPAs含  相似文献   

18.
Low dispersal and sexual selection are characteristic of the coastal polychaeteNereis acuminata Ehlers 1868 [also known asNereis arenaceodentata Moore 1903 andNereis (Neanthes) caudata Delle Chiaje 1841]. We assessed levels of premating isolation between populations of this polychaete. Four North American populations were used, two from the Atlantic and two from the Pacific. Worms from all sites (1) were collected in 1987 and 1988 from the same habitat type, (2) were morphologically similar and keyed out asN. acuminata, and (3) reproduced monogamously and exhibited male parental care, an extremely rare reproductive mode in marine invertebrates. There was no evidence from 10-min or 36-h trials of premating isolation between the two Pacific populations. Incomplete premating isolation was found between the two Atlantic populations. High aggression and non-pairing occurred in some 10-min trials between males and females. However, in 36-h trials males and females from the two Atlantic populations always paired to mate. Complete premating isolation was found between Atlantic and Pacific populations. During 10-min trials, males and females from different oceans often attacked and then avoided each other, and they never paired to mate. Nor did they pair to mate in longer, 36-h trials. One Pacific and one Atlantic population were compared for tolerance to cold temperature. Pacific individuals were less able to tolerate cold water than Atlantic individuals. Two Atlantic populations studied had karyotypes with 11 pairs of small acrocentric chromosomes (2n=22), while the two Pacific populations had nine pairs of large metacentric or submetacentric chromosomes (2n=18). Such extreme dissimilarity in karyotype was not expected considering the similarity in morphology, habitat, and reproductive mode. Results suggest strongly that the Atlantic and Pacific populations have been allopatric for a long time, and are different species.  相似文献   

19.
A maize variety, Huatian-1, had an unusually low translocation rate of cadmium (Cd) (59.6 mg·kg-1 in the roots and 0.093 mg·kg-1 in the grain) compared to 24 other varieties while being grown in soils with 16.50 mg·kg-1 Cd. This indicates that this particular species may have special mechanisms that affect the absorption and translocation pattern of Cd. In this paper, the technique of suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was used to isolate and identify Cd-induced genes from Huatian-1 hydroponically ?exposed? to? 0.1 mM ?CdCl2 ?for? 1 h,? 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h. We found a total of 15 differentially expressed genes in the four groups; 2, 3, 4, and 6 genes were from the groups of 1 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h treatment, respectively. Phospholipase PLDb1 mRNA, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) phosphoribosyl transferase 2, and Sp17 were turned on in the maize in response to Cd stress, and it might provide new clues to explain the mechanism of maize tolerance to Cd.  相似文献   

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