前墙结构对OWC气室捕能效果影响的数值研究

基于不可压缩黏性流体理论VOF(VolumeofFluid)方法建立了二维数值波浪水槽模型,将模拟波形与波浪理论值进行对比,分析了模型可靠性,并利用该模型研究了5种不同前墙结构OWC气室在不同波高、周期时的出气口速度和气室内空气压强。基于模拟结果,从波能-动能转换效率和气室内空气压强角度分析了前墙结构对OWC气室的捕能效果的影响。结果表明:对于传统的直立型OWC 气室,采用合适的前墙结构可有效提高OWC气室的捕能效果;相比三角截面(20D型,30D型)和矩形(Y型)截面前墙,采用椭圆截面(20TY 型,30TY 型)的前墙结构的捕能效果更优,且在周期较大(1.6和1.8s)时其作用更显著,其波能-动能转换率相对Y 型前墙结构气室平均提升37%;5种前墙结构不同的气室中,20TY型和30TY型前墙结构气室的捕能效果最优。     

Quantized control settings based tuning of a heaving wave energy converter in irregular seas

The increasing awareness of environmental issues attracts more attention on environmentally friendly energy sources. This leads to increasing research on effective use of renewable energy sources. Among them, wave energy offers a high potential. The wave energy converter systems used for transforming the wave energy into electrical energy have been a main research topic for decades. However, only a few of these systems has been successfully implemented. There seems to be some technical problems one of which is on their control applications. It has been reported that by means of appropriate control implementation, the performance of the wave energy converter system could be improved considerably. In literature, many different control techniques are reported. They appear to be weak due to implementation related restrictions. The present study proposes a novel control technique that is far more practical based on quantization of control settings. Various quantization levels and their effect on system power capture performance are studied. The technique assumes use of realistic off-the-shelf components with realistic features. The proposed method utilizes time-series-analysis technique with online parameter estimation feature. This new method does not require any knowledge of previous or future states of any of the system or sea state parameters, but only the currently available and measurable ones. The approach of the new control technique sets it apart from most of the previously reported ones. Therefore, the proposed technique is not only very much practical but also very much useful in improvement of the system power performance relative to passive techniques.     

岛屿地形下的核电厂护岸防洪设计研究

对国内第一个岛屿地形下核电厂的护岸防洪设计进行了研究,提出直立式护岸结构方案以满足核电厂防洪和避让毗邻海岛的要求。在波浪数值模拟计算结果基础上,开展了波浪整体物理模型试验、波浪局部整体物理模型试验和波浪断面物理模型试验,对护岸的越浪量和结构稳定性进行了优化验证。研究结果表明,岛屿地形下,波浪破碎和波能集中导致护岸堤身坡脚处波高增大,须加高挡浪墙和优化挡浪墙结构型式;在相同的越浪量标准下,采用直立堤结构相对斜坡堤结构对应的护岸挡浪墙的高程须明显加高;利用部分海岛地形斜坡高地作为厂区护岸一部分时,原状海岛地形斜坡高地处的波浪爬高效应明显,须加高邻近护岸挡浪墙的高程。     

反应堆重混凝土拆除解体技术概述

反应堆生物屏蔽层重混凝土的拆除解体是反应堆退役过程中的难点之一。本文对重混凝土拆除解体技术进行了详细的调研。结果表明：金刚石串珠绳锯、空心镗削法和金刚石圆盘锯可以对反应堆重混凝土进行拆除解体。     

蓬莱市发展低碳经济和循环经济的启示

介绍了山东省蓬莱市发展低碳经济和循环经济的具体情况,总结了蓬莱市发展"两种经济模式",引领全市经济健康持续发展的几点启示。     

我国合同能源管理制度创新机制研究

节能减排是建设\"环境友好型、资源节约型\"社会进程中的核心问题之一。相对于\"控制、命令\"型的政府主导的节能模式,运用市场化机制促进节能的合同能源管理模式具有其独特的资源配置优势。我国合同能源管理近年来虽有较大的发展,但在信用体系建设、融资平台建设、能效评估体制和政府采购制度等诸多方面存在改进空间。     

Perspectives on community representation within the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative: Experiences from south-east Madagascar

This article critically examines the nature and quality of governance in community representation and civil society engagement in the context of trans-national large-scale mining, drawing on experiences in the Anosy Region of south-east Madagascar. An exploration of functional relationships between government, mining business and civil society stakeholders reveals an equivocal legitimacy of certain civil society representatives, created by state manipulation, which contributes to community disempowerment. The appointment of local government officials, rather than election, creates a hierarchy of upward dependencies and a culture where the majority of officials express similar views and political alliances. As a consequence, community resistance is suppressed.