环境影响评价中的公众参与

论述了公众参与在环境影响评价中的重要性，在实施公众参与环境影响评价的实践中，创造了多种切实有效的方法，给受影响的公众充分发表意见的机会，通过公众参与，提高环境决策的质量。     

环境影响评价工作中存在的问题及对策探析

结合从事基层项目环评管理工作的体会,针对环境影响评价工作的环境现状调查、评价方法、公众参与等方面存在的问题进行了分析,提出了相应的解决对策,为今后环评工作的顺利开展提供建议。     

GIS技术在土地利用规划公众参与中应用的研究进展

介绍了G IS技术在土地利用规划中公众参与的发展、概念和研究进展,以及在土地利用规划中应用的一些探讨,提出了我们可以借鉴西方的经验将G IS技术逐步应用于我国的公众参与工作,具体可在确定发展目标和规划方案优选两个阶段应用.     

中国公众参与环境管理的研究

回顾了中国公众参与环境管理的发展历程,分析了公众参与环境管理存在的问题。针对公众参与环境保护管理的有效性的影响因子,例如主观因素、传统背景、时效因素及执行技巧等进行一系列的探讨,并根据公众参与计划的设计构思、公众参与计划的关键两方面的讨论,提出增加公众参与环境保护管理有效性的一些建议。     

利用环境影响评价和公众参与确定排放水平

最近对挪威主要铝厂进行了一项综合环境影响评价，这个项目是迄今为止该行业最大的跨学科环境研究计划．它激励了工业界、科学界、当局和公众之间一场关于环境表现的新的和有意义的对话．     

论我国环境公众参与制度的问题

环境公众参与制度在目前中国基本上是一片空白,笔者从“公众参与“的范畴界定及理论分析着手,分析了我国在此方面的现状,并提出了对建立我国未来环境公众参与制度的几点框架性建议,旨在通过推进环境民主化进程来实现真正对环境的有效保护.     

利用环境影响评价和公众参与确定排放水平

最近对挪威主要铝厂进行一项综合环境影响评价，这个项目是迄今为止该行业最大的跨学科环境研究计划，它激励了工业界，科学界，当局和公众之间一场关于环境表现的新的和有意义的对话。     

碳中和背景下“互联网+植树”的公众参与意愿及其对政府和企业主导模式的选择

为进一步激发公众在碳中和背景下参与植树造林的积极性,基于知信行理论和计划行为理论,采用问卷调查法并运用结构方程模型,实证分析公众参与不同“互联网+植树”模式的意愿动因及其行为选择。将我国现有的“互联网+植树”模式归纳为2种,分别是以“蚂蚁森林”为代表的企业主导模式和以“互联网+全民义务植树”为代表的政府主导模式。通过实证结果可知：环境认知和感知行为效能显著正向影响公众参与态度;态度和感知行为效能显著正向影响公众参与意愿;感知行为效能可以直接或间接激发公众参与意愿。主观规范对公众参与态度和意愿都没有显著影响,即外部环境并不能有效激励公众的参与行为。参与意愿显著正向影响2种模式下的公众参与行为,但选择参与“蚂蚁森林”行为的路径系数要大于“互联网+全民义务植树”的路径系数。最后,提出“互联网+植树”应当通过普及环境知识、打造融合平台、开辟互动渠道等方法来促进公众参与行为的提升。     

立法

联合国跨国界环境影响评价公约 26个国家,包括加拿大、美国、欧洲共同体和多数东欧国家,在芬兰埃斯波签署了一项公约,规定了对未来跨国界污染源提出双边和多边抗议的法律程序。 1991年2月25日由欧洲经济理事会通过的这项公约要求缔约国建立一种环境影响评价诉讼,并使其它国家有权参与该项影响陈述。该公约不适用于现存跨国界污染源。     

公众对耕地保护及多功能价值的认知与参与意愿研究——基于浙江省苍南县的实证分析

通过参与性访谈对苍南县214名调查对象进行了分层随机抽样调查,研究了公众对耕地保护及其多功能价值的认知与参与意愿,并根据受访者所从事行业将其分为非农和农业两组对象进行比较分析.结果表明:土地政策的稳定性和长效性,以及农业收益高低是影响农户耕地保护和投资的主要因素.公众耕地保护意识较强,超过85%的受访者认为保护耕地很重要.但公众对于耕地保护的支付意愿不高,这点在农业受访者中表现尤为突出.公众对于耕地多功能性的认知存在较大的不足和误区,尤其是对耕地的生态功能方面的认识.通过逻辑回归分析发现,公众的文化程度、年龄和所从事的行业是影响他们对耕地保护及其多功能性认知与参与意愿的主要因素.     

Public attitudes and perceptions to the West-to-East Pipeline Project and ecosystem management in large project construction

Ecosystem management addresses transboundary, interdisciplinary and multiparty issues from an ecosystem perspective. In this regard, public participation of ecosystem management is particularly important for achieving a successful outcome. However, public attitudes and perceptions on ecosystem management in project construction are often ignored in the developing countries. Large project construction in China is booming, for example, oil/gasoline pipelines, water diversion projects, highway networks and high-speed railway networks. These projects may have important impacts on China's economy, as well as ecosystems. The perception of local people on these projects is crucial for their safe fulfilment. In this paper, the West-to-East Pipeline Project (WEPP), a large project in China built in 2004 to transport gas from the north-west to the south-east, was used as a case study to examine public participation and perceptions on ecosystem management. Field interviews were conducted in the summer of 2005 for data collection, and logistic regression models were used for data analysis. Modelling results show that public attitudes to WEPP construction are closely related to education, occupation and place of residence. Generally, interviewees with higher education and more involvement in WEPP have a positive attitude. However, local people have a poor understanding of ecological restoration and ecosystem management. For safe implementation of WEPP, some adjunct projects are required to improve the local economy and ecosystem functions, and different economic compensation schemes should be designed for stakeholders by region. Additionally, development strategies, such as offering part-time jobs, education and training to local farmers, are necessary to change attitudes and improve awareness on ecosystem management. It is also important to strengthen public participation in the early stages of project construction.     

德国循环经济的发展经验及其对我国的可借鉴性分析

将德国循环经济的发展历程划分为废物末端处理、以循环为目的的废物减量化、废物减量化+无害化、废物减量化+无害化+资源化4个阶段进行论述,从中得出以消费促生产、创新组织模式以及依法推进等经验与启示,并结合我国目前循环经济发展在制度、技术与经济等方面存在的障碍,对这些经验与启示做出适用性分析。据此对我国循环经济的发展提出加强循环社会建设、建立废物处理中介组织、鼓励和扶持循环经济技术的开发和引进、加强立法和公众参与等建议。     

2010年亚运会对广州市可持续发展的影响

2010年举办的第16届亚运会将是广州有史以来承办的最大型的综合性体育赛事。分析了亚运会的举办将对广州市经济、社会发展、城市与环境建设等方面的影响,并提出了全面贯彻可持续发展思想,进一步办好亚运会的建议:立足长远,社会效益与经济效益并重;加大生态环境建设力度;加大宣传力度,推动公众参与;加强区域合作,协调区域发展。     

Achieving public participation in coastal zone environmental impact assessment

The case is made in this paper for early and integrative public participation in planning decisions concerning proposals major development in the zone. This is perhaps easy to subscribe to in theory but much more difficult in practice. Currently the extent and timing of public involvement in such decisions varies widely. A key benefit is the legitimacy that public participation provides to the planning process and, perhaps as a result, a variety of public involvement methodologies have emerged. Important considerations include which sections of the public to involve and at what stage in the decision-making process to involve them. The multidisciplinary nature of coastla zone issues will tend to engage a wide variety of stakeholder groups who in turn will influence the topics for discussion. A major port expansion proposal in the UK is used to illustrate a range of ways in which the public can be involved. The case study also highlights that public participation is an uncertain science, and to be successful can require skilled personnel and significant resources. The papper concludes that more guidance for developers, some standardisation of public involvement, training for facilitatiors and a more responsible stance from some environmental pressure groups would be advantageous. The complexity of coastal decision-making, tensions between science and policy, and the inter-dependency of coastal activities mutually reinforce the view that inclusive participation is an important issue for all coastal communities.     

公共管理与公众参与策略：于桥水库水质改善项目

环境问题是在人类的发展与资源的开发过程中产生的 ,是多种因素综合作用的结果 ,解决任何一个环境问题都将涉及到若干部门和公众 ,决不是一个部门所能完全胜任的。因此 ,采用公共管理与公众参与的模式解决环境问题 ,是改善环境质量的必然途径 ,是一个政府环境管理能力的综合体现。文章阐述了公共管理与公众参与的内涵、目标、目的、基本原则和实施程序等。     

新西兰保护区管理及其对中国的启示

在分析了新西兰保护区的管理体系、管理模式、法律政策和资金来源基础上,从建立完善的保护区管理体系、完善法律政策、有节度的开放式管理、公众参与、加大保护区科研投入以及资金筹集与国际合作6方面探讨了新西兰保护区管理的成功经验对中国的启示。     

Coastwatch UK—a public participation survey

Education and public participation are recognized as important elements of coastal zone management. The current paper describes the Uk’s largest public participation survey concerned with coastal issues. Coastwatch UK involves thousands of volunteers in an annual survey of the coastline. The project has several aims—primarily to provide an insight into the major problems and threats to the coastline and, through the involvement of volunteers, to raise public awareness and aid environmental education at all levels.