关于犀牛保护及犀角持续利用的建议

简述了犀牛在中国灭绝的原因,介绍了犀牛角的利用价值,针对目前犀牛在中国的状况,提出了犀牛保护及犀角持续利用的建议。     

发展水电产业对四川水资源可持续利用的影响

初步分析了四川省水资源现状和四川省发展水电产业的优势.发展水电产业对提高水资源的有效利用、防洪、减少水土流失、改善水环境、保障农业灌溉和城镇生活与工业用水、改善航运等具有重要作用,对鱼业、生物多样性保护和生态环境的影响也很大.     

The Sustainable Use of Sensitive Countryside Sites for Sport and Active Recreation

Sport and active recreation, as an important area of leisure activity that can take place in the countryside, has recently been the subject of much discussion both in central government reports and statutory agencies' studies. This paper examines principles for their planning and management, particularly in sensitive areas such as National Parks, Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty and Sites of Special Scientific Interest. It takes the view that effective recreation management should be promoted, suggesting that the designation of countryside areas should not imply that they are unchanging, or that environmental policies should be applied uniformly. The Government's UK Sustainable Development Strategy 1994 emphasizes the importance of assessing capacity and of management and monitoring in providing for leisure. Yet knowledge of recreation impacts is incomplete. A number of principles for the management of countryside recreation are given, and examples given of such principles in use. These stress the need for effective participation by the various interests involved at sites and the importance of voluntary approaches to the resolution of conflicts.     

章丘市地下水可持续利用研究

章丘市水资源储量丰富,但由于人工开采、工农业生产、矿坑排水等原因造成了严重的泉水断流,现已成为严重的资源型缺水地区。为了保证国民经济的持续发展,保护和改善生态环境,根据章丘市水文地质情况,提出了合理开采地表水与地下水、节水与提高重复利用率、加强地下水资源污染的防治与保护等措施。这些措施可以从根本上解决章丘市水资源短缺和水环境质量恶化的问题,并最终实现以水资源的可持续利用来支撑整个国民经济可持续发展的目的。     

Sustainable Use of Biotechnology for Bioenergy Feedstocks

Done correctly, cellulosic bioenergy should be both environmentally and economically beneficial. Carbon sequestration and decreased fossil fuel use are both worthy goals in developing next-generation biofuels. We believe that biotechnology will be needed to significantly improve yield and digestibility of dedicated perennial herbaceous biomass feedstocks, such as switchgrass and Miscanthus, which are native to the US and China, respectively. This Forum discusses the sustainability of herbaceous feedstocks relative to the regulation of biotechnology with regards to likely genetically engineered traits. The Forum focuses on two prominent countries wishing to develop their bioeconomies: the US and China. These two countries also share a political desire and regulatory frameworks to enable the commercialization and wide release of transgenic feedstocks with appropriate and safe new genetics. In recent years, regulators in both countries perform regular inspections of transgenic field releases and seriously consider compliance issues, even though the US framework is considered to be more mature and stringent. Transgene flow continues to be a pertinent environmental and regulatory issue with regards to transgenic plants. This concern is largely driven by consumer issues and ecological uncertainties. Regulators are concerned about large-scale releases of transgenic crops that have sexually compatible crops or wild relatives that can stably harbor transgenes via hybridization and introgression. Therefore, prior to the commercialization or extensive field testing of transgenic bioenergy feedstocks, we recommend that mechanisms that ensure biocontainment of transgenes be instituted, especially for perennial grasses. A cautionary case study will be presented in which a plant’s biology and ecology conspired against regulatory constraints in a non-biomass crop perennial grass (creeping bentgrass, Agrostis stolonifera), in which biocontainment was not attained. Appropriate technologies that could be applied to perennial grass feedstocks for biocontainment are discussed.     

地质遗迹资源的保护利用现状与对策

文章综述了我国地质资源的保护利用现状，提出了对策建议。     

知识经济时代我国西部矿业可持续发展研究

本文分析了西部矿产资源和矿业概况,矿产资源开发利用中存在的问题,提出了西部地区矿产资源可持续开发利用和矿业可持续发展的正确途径。     

青海冬虫夏草分布与生态环境关系及可持续利用的建议

文章作者于2005年5~6月赴冬虫夏草集中分布区的果洛藏族自治州玛沁县和海西蒙古族藏族自治州天峻县进行考察和研究,全面系统的阐明了冬虫夏草分布于生态条件的关系,冬虫夏草分布与植被的关系以及冬虫夏草的分布格局以及提出了冬虫夏草资源持续利用的建议等,为科学、适当、有序利用冬虫夏草资源和保护草地生态系统的稳定、健康和可持续利用提供科学依据。     

垫江土地资源可持续利用研究

通过对垫江县目前土地资源利用特点，存在问题及其原因的详细分析，结合垫法实际，提出了垫江县土地资源可持续利用分区的设想，针对各区不同的土地利用特点，提出了土地持续利用方向及主要措施。     

莆田县土地资源可持续利用研究

本文在对莆田县土地资源现状分析的基础上,指出了不利于土地持续利用的限制条件,并根据可持续发展的思想提出了相应的对策     

土地资源的可持续利用——国际经验与中国的借鉴

当前世界各国都面临着土地资源不可持续利用的严峻考验。从土地污染的角度,讨论了土地资源的可持续问题。工业“三废”的排放、城市化进程和土地污染防治法律的滞后是引起土地资源不可持续利用的重要原因。为了防治土地污染,促进土地资源的可持续利用,许多国家都已经建立了相对完善的保护体系。着重介绍了美国、日本、德国等发达国家在治理和防治土壤污染方面的经验,并在此基础上对目前我国土地资源的可持续利用提出了建议。     

福建省农业自然资源持续利用探讨

本文分析了福建省农业自然资源利用中存在的突出问题及其形成原因,并根据持续发展新模式提出了持续利用的对策。     

The Commission on Sustainable Development

Two years after Rio, the Commission on Sustainable Development is taking shape. The broad terms of its mandate allow for a policy discussion that brings new developments to the forefront and that may assist the world community in taking the road to sustainable development.     

吉林省土地资源的障碍因素及防治对策

介绍了吉林省土地资源特征和利用现状 ,详细分析了土地资源可持续利用的障碍因素 ,提出了具有可操作性的可持续利用对策。     

Improving National-Scale Carbon Stock Inventories Using Knowledge on Land Use History

National-scale inventories of soil organic carbon (SOC) and forest floor carbon (FFC) stocks have a high uncertainty. Inventories are often based on the interpolation of sampled information, often using a number of covariables to help such interpolation. The rationale for the choice of these covariables is not always documented, despite the fact that many local-scale studies have identified the factors explaining spatial variability of SOC and FFC stocks. These studies indicate, among others the importance of long-term land use history. Despite this, information on the effects of land use history has never been used to explain variability of carbon stocks in national-scale inventories. We designed an alternative method to improve national-scale inventories of SOC and FCC for the Dutch sand area that takes stock of the findings of detailed case studies. Determinants for SOC and FFC stocks derived from landscape-scale case studies were used to map national-scale spatial variability and to calculate national totals. The resulting national-scale spatial distribution was compared with the SOC stock map from the current Dutch greenhouse gas inventory. Using land use history to explain SOC variability decreased the error of the SOC stock estimate in 60 % of the area. The error in FFC stocks decreased in half of the forest area after including soil fertility, tree species, and forest age as explanatory factors. Estimates with reduced uncertainty will make land use and land management a more attractive and acceptable mitigation option to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases for the LULUCF sector.     

盐城市滩涂资源可持续利用模式选择分析

随着江苏沿海开发上升为国家战略,盐城市沿海滩涂开发遇到了前所未有的机遇;同时盐城沿海滩涂又是重要的湿地保护区,因此处理好保护与开发的关系,探讨滩涂的合理利用模式有着重要的战略意义。由于历史和自然条件的影响,盐城已形成以农业为主、自然保护区为特色、港口和临港产业逐渐兴起的滩涂利用模式。通过对盐城滩涂现有利用模式的分析,选取资源、环境、经济、社会等方面的影响因子,通过综合评价,对各种滩涂利用模式进行优劣势和可行性分析,探讨区域适宜的滩涂利用模式。     

新疆生产建设兵团农八师土地利用状况与可持续利用对策

自20世纪50年代以来，随着农八师垦区土地利用面积的扩大，土地利用程度与效益亦不断提高，同时也出现了一些不可忽视的问题。本文根据有关资料和实地调查，论述了土地利用的动态变化与特点，分析了土地利用存在的问题，提出了土地可持续利用的对策。     

Land Use Planning and Environmental Capacity: Reassessing the Use of Regulatory Policy Tools to Achieve Sustainable Development

Just as it is now widely accepted that the planning system has a role to play in achieving sustainable development, so the concept of environmental capacity has achieved increasing prominence as a means of realizing that role. This paper considers the debate on the concept of environmental capacity, reviewing both the mainstream model and Jacobs' more nuanced social constructionist model. In doing so, it raises concerns about the appropriateness of regulatory policy tools and the implications for the distribution of environmental and other impacts. The discussion highlights the potential for using the planning system to promote change rather than resist it. In doing so, it suggests the need to consider a wider range of policy tools to achieve change at the local level and to clarify the dimensions of sustainable development that local planning can contribute to.     

甘肃河西地区农业资源可持续利用初探

文章从可持续发展的思想出发，通过分析河西农业资源利用以及农业发展现状，着重指出了影响农业可持续发展的主要限制因素，并针对农业资源开发利用过程中出现的主要问题，提出了农业资源可持续利用的具体措施。     

水资源的可持续开发与利用

水是一切生物生存环境的最重要支撑,只有可持续地开发利用水资源,才能创造一个可持续发展的社会和生存环境。针对日趋严重的淡水资源危机,本文以水资源的可持续存在为基础,从整体的角度出发,而不是就水论水,探讨了可持续开发、利用水资源的五个途径:经济向生态效益型转向、可持续开发水资源、建立水资源核算体系、建立水资源政策分析机制、人人参与水资源管理,从而实现环境完整性、经济效率和平衡三个基本目标。