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湿地生态系统累积影响评价研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
定量分析湿地生态系统的累积环境影响,确定所要评价的功能,然后定量分析影响该功能的各种累积方式,将湿地生态系统的累积方式分为四种方式进行描述,对各种干扰活动的相互关系予以定性并进行量化,探讨湿地生态系统累积影响评价的步骤,有助于湿地生态系统CEA方法体系的建立与完善. 相似文献
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介绍了规划环境影响评价的发展及应用,提出农业规划的环境目标。根据规划环境影响评价及农业规划的特点,对农业规划环境影响评价指标体系的建立及特点进行研究,为完善我国农业规划环境影响评价指标体系提供借鉴。 相似文献
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回顾性环境影响评价及内容研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
通过对回顾性环境影响评价概念、目的及原则的讨论,对其工作的内容进行了较系统的研究,具体了回顾性环境影响评价的内容,为工程项目的回顾性环境影响评价工作提供了多方面的参考。 相似文献
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衔接土地利用规划和建设项目的土地一级开发伴随着土地政策的改革而出现。目前土地一级开发环境影响评价处于起步阶段,缺乏对这项工作系统的研究。本文结合工作中的实践经验,从土地一级开发环境影响评价实施的意义、作用和评价目的等方面对土地一级开发的环境影响评价进行了论述,分析了其环境影响评价存在的问题,总结了土地一级开发环境影响评价的技术要点,并对完善土地一级开发环境影响评价制度提出建议。 相似文献
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针对绿色建筑质量水平预测问题,应用FDA和累积Logistic原理,选取绿色环保建材的使用等19个指标进行FDA,依据判别结果将19个指标分成3组,以27组训练样本建立各指标组合绿色建筑质量水平累积Logistic预测模型,利用回代估计法评估模型,最终选择节水设备和器具等5个指标建立绿色建筑质量水平累积Logistic预测模型,用4组检验样本进行测试.结果表明,利用FDA对指标分组,降低指标组合识别复杂度,模型预测结果与实际情况较吻合. 相似文献
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The influence of use-related,environmental, and managerial factors on soil loss from recreational trails 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Recreational uses of unsurfaced trails inevitably result in their degradation, with the type and extent of resource impact influenced by factors such as soil texture, topography, climate, trail design and maintenance, and type and amount of use. Of particular concern, the loss of soil through erosion is generally considered a significant and irreversible form of trail impact. This research investigated the influence of several use-related, environmental, and managerial factors on soil loss on recreational trails and roads at Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area, a unit of the U.S. National Park Service. Regression modeling revealed that trail position, trail slope alignment angle, grade, water drainage, and type of use are significant determinants of soil loss. The introduction of individual and groups of variables into a series of regression models provides improved understanding and insights regarding the relative influence of these variables, informing the selection of more effective trail management actions. Study results suggest that trail erosion can be minimized by avoiding “fall-line” alignments, steep grades, and valley-bottom alignments near streams, installing and maintaining adequate densities of tread drainage features, applying gravel to harden treads, and reducing horse and all-terrain vehicle use or restricting them to more resistant routes. 相似文献
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Since environmental impact assessment (EIA) is concerned primarily withsignificant environmental impacts, the concept of impact significance deserves to be defined and applied rigorously. In this article use of the term over the past 15 years in EIA documentation is reviewed. Some recent attempts at elucidating the concept are summarized. Four perspectives on impact significance that emerged from a series of workshops on the ecological basis for EIA are presented. These perspectives include (a) statistical (related to problems of isolating project-induced changes from natural variation), (b) ecological (related to the importance of project-induced changes from a purely ecological perspective), (c) social (related to the acceptability of project-induced changes in important environmental attributes), and (d) project (related to whether project-induced changes will indeed influence project decision making). The following synthesis is proposed: Any exercise in judging the significance of an environmental impact should thoroughly consider (a) the importance of the environmental attribute in question to project decision makers, (2) the distribution of change in time and space, (c) the magnitude of change, and (d) the reliability with which change has been predicted or measured. The implications of considering these factors are discussed. 相似文献
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围绕建设项目环境影响评价和规划环境影响评价的特点,通过在评价思路、评价内容、评价方法等方面的比较,分析其差异,从而找到两者在评价时间、评价内容等方面的联动途径,以提高环境影响评价工作的效果和效率。 相似文献
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Disturbance of natural vegetation by camping: Experimental applications of low-level stress 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
David N. Cole 《Environmental management》1995,19(3):405-416
Previously undisturbed sites in four different vegetation types were camped on for one night and for four nights. Changes
in vegetation cover and vegetation height were measured after camping and one year later. Results are presented separately
for different campsite zones—parts of the site where campers slept, cooked meals, and stored their packs. Just one night of
camping was sufficient to cause evident impact in all four vegetation types, although the amount of impact varied significantly
between zones and between vegetation types. Vegetation impact on campsites used four nights was generally less than twice
as severe as impact on the sites used one night. The effects of camping on vegetation were also predicted for 12 other vegetation
types on the basis of vegetational responses to experimental trampling. These results suggest that impact can almost always
be minimized by confining camping to a small number of campsites instead of dispersing use across many campsites. 相似文献
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Malcolm Hollick 《Environmental management》1984,8(3):191-196
The practice of EIA preparation in a number of states and countries is reviewed in the light of the need to avoid bias, integrate the EIA with project design, and make the proponent pay. It is concluded that the best arrangement may be to make the proponent responsible for EIA preparation and to advise a number of constraints designed to improve the quality of the studies and reduce bias. First, the proponent should be required to select a consultant from a register of those known to be honest, unbiased, technically competent, and capable of working with a design team. Second, two steering committees should be established to identify key issues, specify data collection and modeling programs and methods, and ensure that the study stays on course. 相似文献
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Malcolm Hollick 《Environmental management》1986,10(2):157-178
Experiences with environmental impact assessment (EIA) in a number of countries are discussed in the light of both explicit and implicit goals and objectives. Adequate environmental information is not always available to decision makers because of failure to apply EIA to all relevant decisions, the continuing inadequacies of prediction and evaluation techniques, the failure to consider alternatives adequately, and the bias of some EISs. EIA frequently results in changes to proposals and may result in stricter environmental management conditions in some cases, but some people regard it as a failure because it has not stopped development. Generally, EIA leads to better integration of environmental factors into project planning. Open procedures and freedom of information encourage responsiveness to EIA procedures, which can be weakened by discretionary powers and lack of access to the courts by public interest groups. However, legal standing may have side effects that offset its advantages. EIA can encourage cooperation and coordination between agencies but does not ensure them. Similarly, it can have a limited role in coordinating interstate and international policies. In the long term, the success of EIA depends on adequate monitoring, reassessment, and enforcement over the life of the project. EIA has generally opened up new opportunities for public participation, and may help to reduce conflict. EIA procedures need to be integrated with other environmental protection and development control programs, and various means exist for reducing its cost to developers and the public. 相似文献
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关于建设项目对自然保护区生态影响专题评价的思考 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立自然保护区对保护生物圈及生物多样性具有十分重要的作用。我国已建立各种类型、不同级别的自然保护区2000多处。随着我国社会经济的发展,全国各地各类开发建设项目涌现,一些开发建设项目与自然保护区的保护要求发生矛盾。使开发建设项目避免或最大程度地减少对自然保护区的不利影响,做到保护与建设的双赢,是编写开发建设项目环境影响评价文件的一个重要内容。涉及自然保护区的开发建设项目一般要求编制对自然保护区影响的专题报告,本文根据工作实践,提出编制该类专题报告的主要内容及应注意的问题。 相似文献
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Sarah Kandrot Val Cummins Declan Jordan Jimmy Murphy 《International Journal of Green Energy》2020,17(11):687-696
ABSTRACT The imminent development of a number of offshore wind farms in the Republic of Ireland presents a sizable opportunity to stimulate the Irish economy through the growth of an indigenous and globally competitive offshore wind supply chain. This study uses a value chain analysis to evaluate the economic and employment potential of the offshore wind sector for Ireland. The analysis is based on the expenditure on products and services required to develop an offshore wind farm, the planned capacity of projects in the pipeline, and the ability of Irish companies to supply the sector. Results suggest that by 2030, 2.5–4.5GW of domestic offshore wind development could create between 11,424 and 20,563 supply chain jobs and generate between €763 m and €1.4bn in gross value added. This is the first study to estimate domestic GVA potential for the sector. 相似文献