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探讨了生态环境需水量的概念,将人类需水量纳入了生态环境需水量,进而初步探讨了岷江上游干旱河谷地区的生态环境需水量。分别估算了岷江上游干旱河谷地区河道内生态环境需水量、植被需水量及人类(生活和生产)需水量,得出当地生态环境需水总量为34.81×108m3,并提出在岷江上游干旱河谷地区应根据现在和将来有效供水量和生态环境年需水量综合考虑,确定适当的经济社会发展结构和规模,以维系和提高生态环境质量。 相似文献
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根据生态系统的分类,分别计算了山东省植被生态环境需水量、河流生态环境需水量、湖泊生态环境需水量、水库生态环境需水量和城市生态环境需水量,山东省生态环境需水量为上述各类型生态环境需水量之和。计算结果表明,山东省2000~2005年生态环境需水总量为342.64~345.01亿m^3。山东省2000~2005年生态环境需水保证率均小于50%,生态环境用水无法得到保证,且丰枯年份之间变化明显。 相似文献
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黑泉水库汇流区的基本特征与生态保护对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
黑泉水库是青海省最大的水利枢纽工程,也是西宁市区的重要水源工程,保护汇流区的生态环境是保护水源、水质的关键。从分析黑泉水库汇流区的特征入手,提出了保护汇流区生态环境与实现可持续发展的主要对策。 相似文献
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《新疆环境保护》2020,(2)
基于RS和GIS的技术方法,利用TM数据解译出乌伦古河流域1990年、2000年和2015年三期土地利用分类图,提取流域三期天然植被分布,结合气象站点实测资料,采用FAO56 Penman-Monteith法,通过ArcGIS建模计算研究区天然植被生态需水。结果表明:乌伦古河流域草地、灌丛、森林三种天然植被生态需水量呈先减少后增加的趋势,整个研究时间段(1990~2015年),生态需水量减少了4.48×10~8 m~3。25年里,可控生态需水的范围内,三种植被的生态需水量都有减少,总生态需水量平均以1 792×10~4 m~3/a减少。流域天然生态需水量呈现东北部青河县山区少、中西部富蕴县和福海县平原区多的特征,且随着海拔的升高天然植被生态需水量呈减少的趋势。前十年的变化剧烈程度要大于后十五年。 相似文献
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生态需水概念与计算方法 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
生态需水是目前环境科学和水文水资源科学研究热点之一,但是其理论和研究方法还不尽完善。总结分析了国内外生态需水的不同概念及其计算方法,认为建立生态需水概念首先要明确生态目标,计算时需考虑水质,今后区域生态需水量计算方法研究是生态需水方法研究的主要方向。 相似文献
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Trametes versicolor decolorized 2000 mg L(-1) of the mono-azo substituted naphthalenic dye Amaranth with no dye sorption observed visually. The changes in the toxicity were assessed over a period of 30 d for the dye-treated viable culture, control (no dye added), and a boiled culture treated with dye, using the Microtox Acute Toxicity assay. Before dye addition, the culture filtrate had some toxicity, which increased after the dye addition. The toxicity of the dye-treated culture decreased during the treatment. The loss of toxicity occurred at the same time, with the loss of color suggesting that detoxification is associated with decoloration. The change in pH was due to natural metabolic processes and had a small effect on detoxification. Because the toxicity of the treatment was similar to that of the control at the end of the treatment, the effluent seems to be safe for release into the environment, potentially rendering this treatment suitable for industrial application. 相似文献
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城镇化是推动我国经济社会发展的重要动力,在高速发展的同时,带来大量污染排放,威胁乡村环境质量与可持续发展。在对乡村生态环境问题剖析的基础上,从战略、实施、方式等层面探索解决思路,围绕科学规划、发展方式、基础建设、管理机制、宣传教育等方面分析关键点,加强乡村环境保护,保障城镇化建设健康发展,为促进农村农业持续发展提供持久动力。 相似文献
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泵站树状给水管网流量具有随机性,而这种随机性变化会直接影响管网的建设费用和动力费用.针对这-特点,应用随机规划原理,建立泵站树状给水管网机会约束模型,编写基于随机模拟的遗传算法程序求解该模型.机会约束模型能较客观地反映该管网的实际工况,使优化设计结果更符合实际. 相似文献
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Günay Kocasoy 《Environmental management》1989,13(4):469-475
The increase in the number of tourists visiting a coast is desired by most of the countries for economic reasons. However, this increase in tourism may cause pollution of the sea. This can be only avoided by proper planning and by predicting the carrying capacity of the coast in terms of sea pollution. This is especially important for developing countries where part of the wastewater is discharged without any treatment into the sea.In the present study the beaches were classified according to their use — and consequently the amount of waste discharged into the sea — into four groups: (1) coasts that are used only for swimming and recreational purposes; (2) coasts used simultaneously for dwelling, swimming, and recreational purposes; (3) coasts along which only dwellings exist; and (4) natural and man-made harbors, i.e., coasts used as shelters. During the survey,40,320 observations were made between December 1985 and February 1988 to determine the effect of the number of tourists on seawater quality. The results obtained were analyzed by a multilinear regression program to obtain an empirical equation giving the extent of the sea pollution in terms of coliform concentration as a function of population density and some other environmental factors.The equations derived in this study enable the determination of the carrying capacity of a beach in terms of pollution as well as the expected degree of pollution corresponding to a given population density. Furthermore, it allows the prediction of the extra carrying capacity that can be obtained by improving the waste-disposal conditions. 相似文献
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阐释了信息产业专门化街区的内涵,结合对合肥市黄山路信息产业专门化街区构成要素的分类及其邻近度的分析,分别从空间结构演化、景观演化、功能演化三方面阐述了合肥市黄山路由"电子一条街"向"信息产业专门化街区"的总体演化阶段,探讨了信息产业专门化街区的未来发展趋势。 相似文献
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