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成都平原农用土壤重金属污染现状及防治对策 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
随着工业化进程的加快和农业生产中化肥和农药不合理施用使得农用土壤重金属污染风险逐渐增大。本文对成都平原农用土壤和农作物重金属污染现状进行了综述,发现农用土壤和蔬菜中重金属污染均以Pb、Cd和Hg三种元素为主。分析了重金属离子在土壤一植物系统中迁移的一般规律及其影响因子,分析了农用土壤重金属污染的主要原因,为预防和防治污染提供了一些建议。 相似文献
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土壤重金属污染的植物修复及超富集植物的研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
土壤重金属污染的植物修复是污染整治的重要手段之一。近年来对植物修复的研究日益增加,工业、农业和交通是土壤中污染物的三大主要来源。目前重金属污染土壤植物修复主要包括植物稳定、植物提取和植物挥发。由于超富集植物存在生物量小、生长缓慢的缺点,更应该关注具有高生物量的重金属耐(抗)性植物。 相似文献
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钝化剂对土壤重金属污染修复研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
总结了常见的钝化剂包括石灰性物质、炭材料、粘土矿物、含磷材料、有机肥和农业废弃物等对土壤重金属污染修复的原理、技术和方法。介绍了钝化剂对土壤重金属修复的效果和注意事项,并对钝化剂进行土壤重金属污染修复的前景和目前存在的问题进行了展望。 相似文献
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翁俊基 《国外农业环境保护》2012,(1):89-91
分别采集土壤、灌溉水样品18个,对宁化县水稻产区农业生态环境监测点的镉、汞、砷、铅、铬和铜等重金属含量进行检测,采用单因子指数法对其结果进行分析和评价。结果表明,宁化县水稻产区的农业生态环境中6种重金属元素含量均在标准规定范围内,产区土壤、灌溉水质量均为一级,达到安全清洁水平。 相似文献
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《四川环境》2017,(3)
为了解泸州市蔬菜种植地土壤重金属的污染状况,分析了泸州市蔬菜地土壤中的p H值、有机质以及重金属(Cd、Hg、As、Pb、Cr、Cu)含量,并用单因子污染指数法、综合污染指数法、地积累指数法以及潜在生态危害指数法对该地区土壤重金属污染状况以及生态风险进行评价。结果表明,该地区土壤中Cd、Hg、As、Pb、Cr、Cu的平均含量水平未超过四川土壤背景值土壤。利用农业行业标准(NY/T391-2000)中土壤污染元素的浓度限值进行评价,泸州市蔬菜种植地土壤重金属均未超标。地积累指数及潜在生态危害综合指数评价结果表明,泸州市蔬菜种植地土壤中重金属污染处于轻微污染或无污染以及轻微的潜在生态风险水平,Cd的潜在生态危害系数最高,贡献最大。 相似文献
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土壤重金属污染及其修复技术研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
土壤重金属污染物有汞、镉、铅、锌等,主要来源于交通运输、工业污染和农业污染。土壤重金属污染会导致农作物减产甚至死亡,对人体健康也会产生极大危害。目前土壤重金属污染修复的技术主要包括工程修复法、物理化学修复法、化学修复法和生物修复法。植物修复技术作为一种新兴的绿色、生态、高效的修复技术具有良好的发展前景。 相似文献
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菜地土壤受到酸沉降、大量含氮化肥的长期施用以及酸性废水的灌溉,土壤酸化速率加快。随着现代设施农业的快速发展,设施菜地土壤酸化明显,同时酸化菜地土壤表现出明显的区域特性。土壤酸化在一定程度上活化了菜地中的重金属,增加蔬菜中重金属含量从而降低蔬菜品质和健康风险,同时,酸化加剧了磷的流失,增加水体富营养化。但是土壤酸化在一定程度上降低了微生物活性,从而影响温室气体的排放。 相似文献
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Trametes versicolor decolorized 2000 mg L(-1) of the mono-azo substituted naphthalenic dye Amaranth with no dye sorption observed visually. The changes in the toxicity were assessed over a period of 30 d for the dye-treated viable culture, control (no dye added), and a boiled culture treated with dye, using the Microtox Acute Toxicity assay. Before dye addition, the culture filtrate had some toxicity, which increased after the dye addition. The toxicity of the dye-treated culture decreased during the treatment. The loss of toxicity occurred at the same time, with the loss of color suggesting that detoxification is associated with decoloration. The change in pH was due to natural metabolic processes and had a small effect on detoxification. Because the toxicity of the treatment was similar to that of the control at the end of the treatment, the effluent seems to be safe for release into the environment, potentially rendering this treatment suitable for industrial application. 相似文献
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城镇化是推动我国经济社会发展的重要动力,在高速发展的同时,带来大量污染排放,威胁乡村环境质量与可持续发展。在对乡村生态环境问题剖析的基础上,从战略、实施、方式等层面探索解决思路,围绕科学规划、发展方式、基础建设、管理机制、宣传教育等方面分析关键点,加强乡村环境保护,保障城镇化建设健康发展,为促进农村农业持续发展提供持久动力。 相似文献
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泵站树状给水管网流量具有随机性,而这种随机性变化会直接影响管网的建设费用和动力费用.针对这-特点,应用随机规划原理,建立泵站树状给水管网机会约束模型,编写基于随机模拟的遗传算法程序求解该模型.机会约束模型能较客观地反映该管网的实际工况,使优化设计结果更符合实际. 相似文献
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Günay Kocasoy 《Environmental management》1989,13(4):469-475
The increase in the number of tourists visiting a coast is desired by most of the countries for economic reasons. However, this increase in tourism may cause pollution of the sea. This can be only avoided by proper planning and by predicting the carrying capacity of the coast in terms of sea pollution. This is especially important for developing countries where part of the wastewater is discharged without any treatment into the sea.In the present study the beaches were classified according to their use — and consequently the amount of waste discharged into the sea — into four groups: (1) coasts that are used only for swimming and recreational purposes; (2) coasts used simultaneously for dwelling, swimming, and recreational purposes; (3) coasts along which only dwellings exist; and (4) natural and man-made harbors, i.e., coasts used as shelters. During the survey,40,320 observations were made between December 1985 and February 1988 to determine the effect of the number of tourists on seawater quality. The results obtained were analyzed by a multilinear regression program to obtain an empirical equation giving the extent of the sea pollution in terms of coliform concentration as a function of population density and some other environmental factors.The equations derived in this study enable the determination of the carrying capacity of a beach in terms of pollution as well as the expected degree of pollution corresponding to a given population density. Furthermore, it allows the prediction of the extra carrying capacity that can be obtained by improving the waste-disposal conditions. 相似文献
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阐释了信息产业专门化街区的内涵,结合对合肥市黄山路信息产业专门化街区构成要素的分类及其邻近度的分析,分别从空间结构演化、景观演化、功能演化三方面阐述了合肥市黄山路由"电子一条街"向"信息产业专门化街区"的总体演化阶段,探讨了信息产业专门化街区的未来发展趋势。 相似文献
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