青岛市港区道路路边大气VOCs污染特征与健康风险

为探究以重型货车为主体的车队构成对路边大气环境VOCs的影响,于2021年10月在青岛市港区路边4个点位进行VOCs采样,并进行其污染特征、日变化特征、光化学反应活性特征和健康风险评价研究.结果表明,观测期间总挥发性有机物(TVOCs)浓度为37.05～324.14μg·m^-3,平均浓度为112.44μg·m^-3,烷烃是最主要的组成部分(占比达36.88%～44.15%),其次是卤代烃、含氧VOCs(OVOCs)、芳香烃、烯烃和乙炔.VOCs总浓度日变化趋势为上午和夜间高,中午和下午低,该结果受凌晨时段柴油货车尾气排放和白天光化学作用的影响较为明显.观测期间VOCs的平均臭氧生成潜势(OFP)为(253.78±69.45)μg·m^-3,平均二次有机气溶胶生成潜势(AFP)为(1.13±0.51)μg·m^-3.其中,芳香烃对OFP和AFP贡献率最大,分别为40.47%和93.71%.需重点关注间/对-二甲基苯、邻-二甲基苯、丙烯和甲苯等高活性物种.非致癌风险与致癌风险的估算结果表明,青岛港区路边大气V...     

广州市中心城区环境空气中挥发性有机物的污染特征与健康风险评价

于2009年11月5~9日,采用在线监测方法对广州市中心城区环境空气中31种VOCs物种进行了观测,对其浓度水平与变化特征、组成与来源、化学反应活性进行了分析,并利用国际公认的健康风险评价方法对VOCs的健康风险进行了评价.结果表明,31种VOCs物种的平均质量浓度为114.51μg·m-3(范围为29.42~546.06μg·m-3),烷烃和芳香烃是含量最为丰富的组分;31种VOCs浓度之和及烷烃、烯烃、芳香烃3类化合物的各组分浓度之和都呈现出早晚高,中午低的日变化特征.机动车尾气排放是研究区环境空气中VOCs的主要来源,同时汽油、液化石油气的挥发以及涂料和溶剂的挥发也是其重要来源.研究区VOCs气团对臭氧生成潜势贡献率最大的是芳香烃(42.5%)和烯烃(38.6%);甲苯、反-2-丁烯、间/对二甲苯、正丁烷、1,3,5-三甲苯等是VOCs中的关键活性组分.机动车尾气排放、汽油蒸发是导致研究区环境空气中臭氧形成的重要VOCs排放源.健康风险评价结果表明,己烷、1,3-丁二烯和BTEX对人体的非致癌风险(HQ)在3.95E-03~2.45E-01之间,对暴露人群不存在非致癌风险;1,3-丁二烯、苯的致癌风险值(RISK)分别为1.47E-05、5.34E-05,对暴露人群存在潜在的致癌风险.本研究结果与国内其它部分城市环境空气中苯系物健康风险评价结果的比较研究发现,我国城市环境空气中苯对暴露人群存在着较大的致癌风险,因此,我国有必要采取措施严格控制环境空气中苯的污染水平,尽早研究并制定环境空气中苯的环境基准和标准.     

厦门不同功能区VOCs的污染特征及健康风险评价

为了解厦门市不同功能区大气中挥发性有机物(VOCs)的污染特征和健康风险,于2014年3—8月在厦门市开展大气样品的采集,利用预浓缩系统和气相色谱质谱联用技术进行VOCs含量的定量分析,并采用美国EPA人体暴露风险评价方法对VOCs进行人群健康风险的初步评价.结果表明,各功能区VOCs的平均质量浓度差异较明显,表现为工业区(120.88μg·m-3)交通区(104.41μg·m-3)开发区(84.06μg·m-3)港口区(80.78μg·m-3)居民区(58.75μg·m-3)背景区(41.46μg·m-3).背景区、居民区、交通区、开发区和港口区各类VOCs浓度均表现为烷烃芳香烃烯烃,工业区则表现为芳香烃烷烃烯烃.除背景区外各功能区VOCs浓度在6月最低,而除工业区外各功能区浓度在8月最高.温度和风等气象因素是导致VOCs浓度变化的重要原因.苯、甲苯、乙苯、间,对二甲苯和邻二甲苯(BTEX)在各功能区总芳香烃中所占的比例为65.20%~78.73%.各功能区BTEX的非致癌风险均表现为甲苯乙苯邻二甲苯间,对二甲苯苯,在9.73×10-4~1.33×10-1之间,均在安全范围内,而苯的致癌风险在1.23×10-5~3.08×10-5之间,超出安全范围,存在较大的致癌风险.     

兰州市大气苯系物的化学活性特征与健康风险评价

利用热脱附-气相色谱质谱法测定了2017年12月—2018年6月兰州市5个采样点大气环境中14种苯系物的浓度,利用OFP(臭氧生成潜势)、L~(OH)(羟基消耗速率)和SOAFP(二次有机气溶胶生成潜势)分析其化学活性特征,应用特征物种比值法探讨了BTEX(苯、甲苯、乙苯和二甲苯)的来源,并进行其健康风险评估.结果表明:兰州市大气苯系物的浓度为4.64～32.13μg·m~(-3),平均浓度为14.71μg·m~(-3),且具有冬季夏季春季的特点,5个采样点苯系物总浓度大小顺序为D(18.27μg·m~(-3)) B(17.75μg·m~(-3)) C(14.28μg·m~(-3)) E(12.97μg·m~(-3)) A(10.26μg·m~(-3)).苯系物的L~(OH)为2.64 s~(-1),而苯乙烯和2-甲基萘是关键活性物种;苯系物的OFP为65.05μg·m~(-3),其中甲苯、二甲苯、1,3,5-三甲苯和1,2,4-三甲苯的OFP值较大;苯系物的SOAFP为0.98μg·m~(-3),甲苯和2-甲基萘的贡献较高.B/T(苯/甲苯)值表明,兰州市大气苯系物主要来源于生物质燃料和煤炭燃烧排放;X/E(二甲苯/乙苯)和E/B(乙苯/苯)值表明,污染物气团主要来自本地排放源.人体健康风险评估结果表明,兰州市大气苯系物的非致癌风险(HI=0.05)均小于USEPA建议安全阈值(HI1),致癌风险是安全阈值(1×10~(-6))的3.6倍,显示苯系物对暴露人群存在潜在致癌风险.     

郑州市碳素行业无组织VOCs排放特征分析及健康风险评价

选择郑州市3家典型碳素企业,研究了不同功能区的挥发性有机污染物(volatile organic compounds,VOCs)的排放特征及其臭氧生成潜势(ozone formation potential,OFP),并利用美国环保署(EPA)的健康风险评价模型对碳素行业排放的VOCs的健康风险进行了初步评价.结果表明,3家企业生产区VOCs质量浓度在89. 77～964. 60μg·m~(-3)之间,管理区在51. 46～121. 59μg·m~(-3)之间,萘和二硫化碳是碳素企业厂区内浓度最高的污染物;生产区VOCs的臭氧生成潜势在75. 42～1 416. 73μg·m~(-3)之间,管理区在65. 32～202. 42μg·m~(-3)之间,主要来自于芳香烃和烯烃的贡献.生产区VOCs致癌健康风险(Risk)为3. 5×10~(-5)～2. 8×10~(-3),管理区为2. 0×10~(-5)～9. 4×10~(-5),高于EPA推荐的最大可接受水平(10~(-6));生产区VOCs非致癌健康风险危害指数(hazard index,HI)为3. 2～1. 4×10~2,管理区为4. 3×10~(-1)～3. 8,除企业甲的管理区外均大于1,可能会对暴露人群的健康造成致癌和非致癌危害.     

淄博市化工园区夏季环境VOCs污染特征及健康风险评价

为研究山东省淄博市某化工园区环境空气中挥发性有机物（VOCs）的污染特征,于2019年夏季对园区12家企业厂界及2处园区边界进行VOCs采样,共获得64组有效样品,分析VOCs浓度水平及空间分布,并评价环境影响及人体健康风险.结果表明:（1）研究期间,化工园区ρ（TVOC）(TVOC为总挥发性有机物,total volatile compound)为（275.07±115.03）μg/m³,范围为46.64～460.40μg/m³,其中烷烃占比最高,浓度为（173.42±79.29）μg/m³,占总浓度的63.05%.主要贡献物种为2, 3-二甲基戊烷和2, 4-二甲基戊烷.（2）烯烃和芳香烃为主要臭氧贡献组分,关键活性物种为顺-2-丁烯、反-2-戊烯和间/对-二甲苯.异戊二烯的臭氧贡献较高,企业K、企业L为异戊二烯的主要工业来源.（3）人体健康风险评价表明,苯和乙苯对人体造成的非致癌风险均在美国环境保护局推荐的最大可接受水平内,可忽略不计.苯的平均致癌风险为8.42×10^-6,会对人体造成致癌风险...     

淄博市化工园区夏季环境VOCs污染特征及健康风险评价

为研究山东省淄博市某化工园区环境空气中挥发性有机物（VOCs）的污染特征,于2019年夏季对园区12家企业厂界及2处园区边界进行VOCs采样,共获得64组有效样品,分析VOCs浓度水平及空间分布,并评价环境影响及人体健康风险.结果表明:（1）研究期间,化工园区ρ（TVOC）(TVOC为总挥发性有机物,total volatile compound)为（275.07±115.03）μg/m³,范围为46.64～460.40μg/m³,其中烷烃占比最高,浓度为（173.42±79.29）μg/m³,占总浓度的63.05%.主要贡献物种为2, 3-二甲基戊烷和2, 4-二甲基戊烷.（2）烯烃和芳香烃为主要臭氧贡献组分,关键活性物种为顺-2-丁烯、反-2-戊烯和间/对-二甲苯.异戊二烯的臭氧贡献较高,企业K、企业L为异戊二烯的主要工业来源.（3）人体健康风险评价表明,苯和乙苯对人体造成的非致癌风险均在美国环境保护局推荐的最大可接受水平内,可忽略不计.苯的平均致癌风险为8.42×10^-6,会对人体造成致癌风险...     

炼焦过程排放挥发性有机物的排放特征和组成分布研究

为控制炼焦排放以及为预防城市大气污染提供可靠的污染源数据支持,利用不锈钢采样罐和全自动预浓缩/GC/MS系统,研究了58-Ⅱ型和JN43-80型焦炉在装煤时刻和炼焦过程(包括装煤时刻)中挥发有机物(VOCs)的排放特征及其组成分布,分析了焦化行业排放VOCs的反应活性。研究发现,在装煤时刻和炼焦过程中,58-Ⅱ型焦炉产生的总挥发性有机物(TVOCs)浓度分别为7022μg/m~3和6266μg/m~3;JN43-80型焦炉产生的TVOCs浓度分别为4185μg/m~3和3298μg/m~3。装煤时刻产生的TVOCs浓度明显高于炼焦过程产生的。炼焦过程无组织排放的VOCs包含烯烃、烷烃、芳香烃、卤代烃以及少量的醛和酮,其中乙烯、乙烷、丙烯、苯、甲苯等为主要成分。这些产生的VOCs反应活性各不相同,活性最大的是烯烃类物质,其活性占TVOCs反应活性比重为(86.2±2.1)%;其次是芳香烃类物质,其活性比重为(9.2±3.1)%;反应活性最大的5个物种分别是丙烯、乙烯、1,3-丁二烯、1-丁烯以及苯乙烯。     

首届“一带一路”会议期间北京市典型城区空气中VOCs的污染特征及健康风险评价

为研究"一带一路"国际合作高峰论坛在京召开期间北京市典型城区环境空气中挥发性有机物(VOCs)的污染特征及有毒有害VOCs的健康风险,本研究于2017年5月1—17日,在北京市典型城区利用Airmo VOC在线分析仪进行了观测研究.结果表明,整个观测期间总VOCs质量浓度日均值为29.99μg·m~(-3);空气质量保障期间(5月6—15日),大气中VOCs的浓度低于未采取控制措施的其它阶段,沙尘阶段VOCs浓度由于受到风速和气团传输影响出现最低值;各类VOCs的质量浓度在交通早高峰出现高值.PMF来源解析表明,移动源尾气排放(37.62%)、溶剂使用源(33.25%)、油气挥发源(16.39%)和天然气燃烧源(12.74%)的排放是北京市"一带一路"会议期间环境空气中VOCs的主要来源.化学活性分析表明,芳香烃和烯烃对臭氧生成潜势贡献的占比最多,需要重点控制的VOCs物种为间对二甲苯、甲苯和丙烯.健康风险评价结果表明,研究区整个观测期间及各阶段的苯和1,2-二氯乙烷均存在潜在的致癌风险,14种有毒有害VOCs(包括苯和1,2-二氯乙烷)不存在非致癌风险.     

上海某石化园区周边区域VOCs污染特征及健康风险

为了解石化周边区域大气VOCs污染特征,使用在线GC-FID监测仪于2017年10月对上海市某近石化周边居民区大气VOCs进行了为期1个月的连续观测;通过最大增量反应活性(MIR)法估算了VOCs对臭氧(O_3)生成的贡献,并进行了健康风险研究.结果表明,观测期间VOCs总质量浓度的范围16. 4～1 947. 8μg·m~(-3),平均浓度为40. 7μg·m~(-3);烷烃、烯/炔烃和芳香烃的平均占比分别为66. 2%、25. 9%和7. 9%. VOCs总浓度日变化特征呈现单峰型变化,峰值浓度为127. 9μg·m~(-3)(07:00). VOCs总浓度的平均臭氧生成潜势(OFP)为249. 7μg·m~(-3),烯、炔烃对OFP的贡献最高,达到153. 4μg·m~(-3);丙烯、反-2-丁烯、乙烯是关键的活性组分.己烷、苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻-二甲苯和间/对-二甲苯的健康风险较小.     

Toxic effects of acetochlor, methamidophos and their combination on nifH gene in soil

Toxic effects of two agrochemicals on nifH gene in agricultural black soil were investigated using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE） and sequencing approaches in a microcosm experiment. Changes of soil nifH gene diversity and composition were examined following the application of acetochlor, methamidophos and their combination. Acetochlor reduced the nifH gene diversity （both in gene richness and diversity index values） and caused changes in the nifH gene composition. The effects of acetochlor on nifH gene were strengthened as the concentration of acetochlor increased. Cluster analysis of DGGE banding patterns showed that nifH gene composition which had been affected by low concentration of acetochlor （50 mg/kg） recovered firstly. Methamidophos reduced nifH gene richness that except at 4 weeks. The medium concentration of methamidophos （150 mg/kg） caused the most apparent changes in nifH gene diversity at the first week while the high concentration of methamidophos （250 mg/kg） produced prominent effects on nifH gene diversity in the following weeks. Cluster analysis showed that minimal changes of nifH gene composition were found at 1 week and maximal changes at 4 weeks. Toxic effects of acetochlor and methamidophos combination on nifH gene were also apparent. Different nifH genes （bands） responded differently to the impact of agrochemicals： four individual bands were eliminated by the application of the agrochemicals, five bands became predominant by the stimulation of the agrochemicals, and four bands showed strong resistance to the influence of the agrochemicals. Fifteen prominent bands were partially sequenced, yielding 15 different nifH sequences, which were used for phylogenetic reconstructions. All sequences were affiliated with the alpha- and beta-proteobacteria, showing higher similarity to eight different diazotrophic genera.     

Arsenic uptake by arbuscular mycorrhizal maize （Zea mays L.） grown in an arsenic-contaminated soil with added phosphorus

The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus (Glomus mosseae) and phosphorus (P) addition (100 mg/kg soil) on arsenic (As) uptake by maize plants (Zea mays L.) from an As-contaminated soil were examined in a glasshouse experiment.Non-mycorrhizal and zero-P addition controls were included.Plant biomass and concentrations and uptake of As,P,and other nutrients,AM colonization,root lengths,and hyphal length densities were determined.The results indicated that addition of P significantly inhibited root colonization and development of extraradical mycelium.Root length and dry weight both increased markedly with mycorrhizal colonization under the zero-P treatments,but shoot and root biomass of AM plants was depressed by P application.AM fungal inoculation decreased shoot As concentrations when no P was added,and shoot and root As concentrations of AM plants increased 2.6 and 1.4 times with P addition,respectively.Shoot and root uptake of P,Mn,Cu,and Zn increased,but shoot Fe uptake decreased by 44.6%,with inoculation, when P was added.P addition reduced shoot P,Fe,Mn,Cu,and Zn uptake of AM plants,but increased root Fe and Mn uptake of the nonmycorrhizal ones.AM colonization therefore appeared to enhance plant tolerance to As in low P soil,and have some potential for the phytostabilization of As-contaminated soil,however,P application may introduce additional environmental risk by increasing soil As mobility.     

Impact of atrazine and nitrogen fertilizers on the sorption of chlorotoluron in soil and model sorbents

Sorption of chlorotoluron in ammonium sulfate, urea and atrazine multi-solutes system was investigated by batch experiments. The results showed application of nitrogen fertilizers to the soil could affect the behavior of chlorotoluron. At the same concentration of N, sorption of chlorotoluron decreased as the concentration of atrazine increased on the day 0 and 6 in soil, respectively. The sorption of chlorotoluron increased from 0 to 6 d when soils were preincubated with deionized water, ammonium sulfate and urea solution for 6 d. That indicated incubation time was one of the most important factors for the sorption of chlorotoluron in nitrogen fertilizers treatments. The individual sorption isotherms of chlorotoluron in rubbery polymer and silica were strictly linear in single solute system, but there were competition sorption between pesticides or between pesticides and nitrogen fertilizers. That indicated the sorption taken place by concurrent solid-phase dissolution mechanism and sorption on the interface of water-organic matter or water-mineral matter.     

Degradation of metabolites accumulated of benzo[a]pyrene by coupling Penicillium Chrysogenum with KMnO4

Several main metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene （BaP） formed by Penicillium chrysogenum, Benzo[a]pyrene-1,6-quinone （BP 1,6- quinone）, trans-7,8-dihydroxy-7,8-dihydrobenzo[a]pyrene （BP 7,8-diol）, 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene （3-OHBP）, were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. The three metabolites were liable to be accumulated and were hardly further metabolized because of their toxicity to microorganisms. However, their further degradation was essential for the complete degradation of BaP. To enhance their degradation, two methods, degradation by coupling Penicillium chrysogenum with KMnO4 and degradation only by Penicillium chrysogenum, were compared; Meanwhile, the parameters of degradation in the superior method were optimized. The results showed that （1） the method of coupling Penicillium chrysogenum with KMnO4 was better and was the first method to be used in the degradation of BaP and its metabolites; （2） the metabolite, BP 1,6-quinone was the most liable to be accumulated in pure cultures; （3） the effect of degradation was the best when the concentration of KMnO4 in the cultures was 0.01% （w/v）, concentration of the three compounds was 5 mg/L and pH was 6.2. Based on the experimental results, a novel concept with regard to the bioremediation of BaP-contaminated environment was discussed, considering the influence on environmental toxicity of the accumulated metabolites.     

Potential of plant polyphenol oxidases in the decolorization and removal of textile and non-textile dyes

In this study an effort has been made to use plant polyphenol oxidases; potato （Solanum tuberosum） and brinjal （Solanum melongena）, for the treatment of various important dyes used in textile and other industries. The ammonium sulphate fractionated enzyme preparations were used to treat a number of dyes under various experimental conditions. Majority of the treated dyes were maximally decolorized at pH 3.0. Some of the dyes were quickly decolorized whereas others were marginally decolorized. The initial first hour was sufficient for the maximum decolorization of dyes. The rate of decolorization was quite slow on long treatment of dyes. Enhancement in the dye decolorization was noticed on increasing the concentration of enzymes. The complex mixtures of dyes were treated with both preparations of polyphenol oxidases in the buffers of varying pH values. Potato polyphenol oxidase was significantly more effective in decolorizing the dyes to higher extent as compared to the enzyme obtained from brinjal polyphenol oxidase. Decolorization of dyes and their mixtures, followed by the formation of an insoluble precipitate, which could be easily removed simply by centrifugation.     

Effects of two sludge application on fractionation and phytotoxicity of zinc and copper in the soil

The potential harm of heavy metals is a primary concern in application of sludge to the agricultural land. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of two sludges on fractionation of Zn and Cu in soil and their phytotoxicity to pakchoi. The loamy soil was mixed with 0%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% (by weight) of digested sewage sludge (SS) and composted sludge (SC). The additions of both sludges caused a significant raise in all fractions, resulting in that exchangeable (EXCH) and organic bound (OM) became predominance of Zn and organic bound Cu occupied the largest portion. There was more available amount of Zn and Cu in SS treatments than SC treatments. During the pot experiment, the concentration of Zn in EXCH, carbonate (CAR) and OM and Cu in EXCH and OM fractions decreased in all treatments, so their bioavailability reduced. Germination rate and plant biomass decreased when the addition rate was high and the best yield appeared in 20% mixtures at the harvest of pakchoi. The two sludges increased tissue contents of Zn and Cu especially in the SS treatments. Zn in pakchoi was not only in relationship to ΔEXCH and ΔCAR forms but also in ΔOM forms in the sludge-soil mixtures. Tissue content of Cu in pakchoi grown on SC-soils could not be predicted by ΔEXCH. These correlation rates between Zn and Cu accumulation in pakchoi and variation of different fractions increased with time, which might indicate that sludges represented stronger impacts on the plant in long-term land application.     

Intraspecific differences in effects of co-contamination of cadmium and

A hydroponic experiment was carried out to study intraspecific differences in the effects of different concentrations of cadmium (Cd)(0-10 mg/L) and arsenate (As(V)) (0-8 mg/L) on the growth parameters and accumulation of Cd and As in six wheat varieties Jing-9428, Duokang-1, Jingdong-11, Jing-411, Jingdong-8 and Zhongmai-8. The endpoints of wheat seedlings, including seed germination,biomass, root length and shoot height, decreased with increasing the Cd and As concentrations. Significant differences in seed germination, biomass, root length, shoot height and the accumulation of Cd and As were observed between the treatments and among the varieties (p ＜ 0.05). The lethal dosage 50% were about 20, 80, 60, 60, 80 and 20 mg As/L for Jing-9428, Duokang-1, Jingdong-11,Jing-411, Jingdong-8 and Zhongmai-8, respectively, and the corresponding values for Cd were about 30, 80, 20, 40, 60 and 10 mg Cd/L, respectively. Among the six varieties, Duokang-1 was found to be the most resistant to Cd and As toxicity, and Zhongmai-8 was the most sensitive to Cd and As co-contamination. The resistance of the six varieties was found dependant on the seedling uptake of Cd and As. Duokang-1 was the most suitable for cultivation in Cd and As co-contaminated soils.     

Removal of heavy metals from sewage sludge by low costing chemical method and recycling in agriculture

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Isolation and preliminary characterization of a 3-chlorobenzoate degrading bacteria

A study was conducted to compare the diversity of 2-, 3-, and 4-chlorobenzoate degraders in two pristine soils and one contaminated sewage sludge. These samples contained strikingly different populations of mono-chlorobenzoate degraders. Although fewer cultures were isolated in the uncontaminated soils than contaminated one, the ability of microbial populations to mineralize chlorobenzoate was widespread. The 3- and 4-chlorobenzoate degraders were more diverse than the 2-chlorobenzoate degraders. One of the strains isolated from the sewage sludge was obtained. Based on its phenotype, chemotaxonomic properties and 16S rRNA gene, the organism S-7 was classified as Rhodococcus erythropolis. The strain can grow at temperature from 4 to 37℃. It can utilize several （halo）aromatic compounds. Moreover, strain S-7 can grow and use 3-chlorobenzoate as sole carbon source in a temperatures range of 10-30℃ with stoichiometric release of chloride ions. The psychrotolerant ability was significant for bioremediation in low temperature regions. Catechol and chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase activities were present in cell free extracts of the strain, but no （chloro）catechol 2,3- dioxygenase activities was detected. Spectral conversion assays with extracts from R. erythropolis S-7 showed accumulation of a compound with a similar UV spectrum as chloro-cis,cis-muconate from 3-chlorobenzoate. On the basis of these results, we proposed that S-7 degraded 3-chlorobenzoate through the modified ortho-cleave pathway.     

Single and joint effects of pesticides and mercury on soil urease

The influence of two pesticides including chlorimuron-ethyl and furadan and mercury （Hg） on urease activity in 4 soils （meadow burozem and phaeozem） was investigated. The soils were exposed to various concentrations of the two pesticides and Hg individually and simultaneously. Results showed that there was a close relationship between urease activity and organic matter content in soil. Chlorimuron-ethyl and furadan could both activate urease in the 4 soils. The maximum increment of urease activity by chlorimuronethyl was up to 14%-18%. There was almost an equal increase （up to 13%-21%） in the urease activity by furadan. On the contrary, Hg markedly inhibited soil urease activity. A logarithmic equation was used to describe the relationship （P〈0.05） between the concentration of Hg and the activity of soil urease in the 4 tested soils. Semi-effect dose （ED50） values by the stress of Hg based on the inhibition of soil urease in the 4 soils were 88, 5.5, 24 and 20 mg/kg, respectively, according to the calculation of the corresponding equations. The interactive effect of chlorimuron-ethyl or furadan with metal Hg on soil urease was mainly synergic at the highest tested concentrations.