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废弃甲壳资源化利用制天然高分子甲壳素/壳聚糖研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
本文以四川地区市场上的废弃甲壳资源为原料,废物资源化利用制取甲壳素;又分别采用一步法和两步法制备多种不同质量的壳聚糖,测定其红外光谱和各种质量指标,并将其用于溶液中Pb^2+离子的吸附试验,效果良好。 相似文献
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甲壳素是一种重要的再生资源。本文介绍了目前国内外甲壳素资源综合利用的现状及其发展趋势,并从科技进步的角度出发,结合国家现行科技政策、管理体制,以及水产资源的开发和利用等若干问题提出对策分析. 相似文献
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程俊 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2019,(1)
用4-(溴甲基)苯甲酸对壳聚糖进行改性,对壳聚糖和改性后的壳聚糖进行红外光谱分析,确定改性后的壳聚糖为羧苄基壳聚糖。对羧苄基壳聚糖在天然海水中的缓蚀性能进行测试,探究了浓度和温度对缓蚀性能的影响,在常温下,羧苄基壳聚糖投加量为600 mg/L时,缓蚀率最高为40.2%;当羧苄基壳聚糖投加量不变时,随着温度升高,羧苄基壳聚糖的缓蚀性能有所提高,但是达到60℃后,缓蚀率开始下降,高温不利于羧苄基壳聚糖发挥其缓蚀作用。 相似文献
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利用有机酸改性壳聚糖和交联法制备酸化壳聚糖载体,然后用改性壳聚糖载体固定漆酶。结果表明,甲酸、酒石酸改性壳聚糖的最适条件是壳聚糖与酸的量比分别为100/1(g/mol)、100/0.5(g/mol),戊二醛的浓度分别为1%、2%,缓冲溶液的pH分别为4.4、3.6,反应时间分别为3h、4.5h。两种酸改性的壳聚糖用于漆酶的固定,其酶活都有所提高,尤其用酒石酸改性的壳聚糖载体的效果最好,其酶活提高了57%。 相似文献
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在不同壳聚糖浓度和时间条件下对小麦种子进行处理,通过小麦萌发后期叶中游离氨基酸、蛋白质、叶绿素和可溶性糖含量的变化,从而得出壳聚糖处理小麦种子的最佳条件为:浓度8g/L、浸种时间10h,其结果将对小麦生产提供理论基础. 相似文献
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The binding efficiency of chitosan samples for Ag(+), Cd(2+), Cu(2+), Pb(2+) and Zn(2+) has been evaluated in order to consider their application to remediate metal contaminated soil and water. The sorption behaviour of metal ions was assessed using a batch technique at different contact time and initial metal concentration with different background electrolytes. The kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model, while the equilibrium data correlated well with the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. For example, the maximum sorption capacity (Q) for chitosan was estimated as 1.93 mmol/g for Ag(+), 1.61 mmol/g for Cu(2+), 0.94 mmol/g for Zn(2+), 0.72 mmol/g for Cd(2+) and 0.64 mmol/g for Pb(2+). Covalent interaction between metal ions and functional groups (amino and hydroxyl) of the chitosans was the main binding mechanism. Ion exchange is not an important process. Chitosan and cross-linked chitosans were able to bind metal ions in the presence of K(+), Cl(-) and NO(3)(-). The nature of Cl(-) and NO(3)(-) ions did not affect Zn(2+) binding by the chitosans. Even at 11x dilution, the chitosans were able to retain metal ions on their surfaces. 相似文献
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This paper appraises the potential of marine crustacean shell waste from the world's fishing industry for bioconversion to industrial products and envisages almost total low-waste utilisation of such materials. Techniques for the processing of waste shells are considered and compared. We additionally investigate what is considered a vital early stage in shell processing - the viability of a lactic acid fermentation on demineralised shell for deproteinisation under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. An integrated bioconversion scheme is proposed whereby protein, pigment (astaxanthin) and the main biopolymer constituent, chitin, can be isolated for industrial or commercial use. The scheme also suggests further conversion of the chitin to its monomer, N-acetylglucosamine, for use as a sugar or as a medium source for production of microbial biomass protein. 相似文献
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Jesus Barron-Zambrano Agata Szygula Montserrat Ruiz Ana Maria Sastre Eric Guibal 《Journal of environmental management》2010,91(12):2669-2675
Fixed-bed column studies were carried out to investigate the dynamic sorption of Reactive Black 5 (RB5) onto chitosan. The effect of operating parameters such as initial dye concentration, superficial flow velocity, bed height and particle size on the sorption of RB5 onto chitosan was studied. Column regeneration, dye recovery and the possibility of reusing the regenerated chitosan were also investigated. The results show that both the breakthrough curves and the adsorption parameters of the column were strongly affected by the operating parameters studied. An analysis of the breakthrough curves indicated that adsorption was affected by mass transfer limitations, probably due to intraparticle diffusion. An empirical model was applied to describe the breakthrough curves, while the Bohart–Adams and BDST models were used to determine the operating parameters useful in the process design. Elution of the column with 0.01 mol L?1 NaOH allowed the chitosan to be regenerated and the dye to be recovered and concentrated. The concentration factor was 10. Several cycles of adsorption–elution showed that the regenerated chitosan retained good adsorption efficiency and the elution efficiency was always higher than 80%. 相似文献