环境保护设施竣工验收监测的一些体会

环境监测站对环境保护设施竣工验收进行验收监测，出具的监测报告是环保管理部门环境保护设施竣工验收的重要依据，验收监测结果是否真实反映治理工程的治理质量，对环境保护设施的竣工验收是至关重要的。国家环保局１９９５年下发了《建设项目环境保护设施竣工验收监测办法》（试行），联系几年来对《办法》的执行情况，谈一些体会，供同行参考。１制订正确的竣工验收监测实施方案竣工验收监测实施方案在整个竣工验收监测过程中起着指导作用，在制订方案前必须对被验收单位的生产状况和环保治理设施的具体工艺作全面了解，根据不同污染源不…     

关于宾馆行业环保设施验收监测的实践及思考

阐述了宾馆行业在环保设施竣工验收监测中应采取的关键步骤、运营过程中污染物的来源，提出了合理的监测因子和监测时段；同时从管理的角度，提出了验收监测应具备的基础条件。     

建设项目竣工环保验收监测与调查中的问题探讨

竣工验收监测与调查,是建设项目竣工环境保护验收的主要技术依据,验收监测与调查涉及企业的生产、管理的方方面面。结合工作中的实践,提出了项目竣工验收监测与调查中需要注意的问题,并进行了讨论,以利于建设项目的竣工验收监测与调查工作的更好开展。     

建设项目竣工验收环境保护监测的公众意见调查方法探讨

阐明了建设项目竣工验收的环境保护监测对公众意见调查的必要性,基于目前对公众意见调查现状,提出了其调查的对象、内容、方法,以及对公众意见的解决和落实。     

浙江省舟山海洋生态环境监测站基建工程已通过竣工验收

浙江省舟山海洋生态环境监测站建设项目业已竣工,竣工验收会由国家环保局委托浙江省环保局主持。国家环保局张坤民副局长、浙江省环保局陈海玫局长和舟山市夏阿国副市长出席了竣工验收会议,作了重要讲话,并为浙江省舟山海洋生态环境监测站落成典礼剪了彩。该站是国家环保局“七五”期间重点投资建设的三个不同类型生态环境监测站中的一个,也是建设速度最快的一个。该站建设项目由“浙海环监”号监测船、生物实验楼和化学实验楼等主体工程组成。“浙海环监”号船的通讯、导航仪器设备和可调螺旋桨等设施,属国内同等级、同类型船舶中较先进水平,具     

测定生活污水COD要注意的几个问题

介绍了监测生活污水COD时应注意的几个问题，包括：样品的代表性、标准溶液的浓度和加入量，以确保得到准确的COD监测结果。     

影响恶臭监测结果的因素及其对策

使用三点比较式臭袋法进行恶臭监测，对经常影响监测结果的几个因素加以分析，并提出相应的对策。     

工业固体废物的腐蚀性及浸出毒性测定

依据《工业固体废物有害特性试验与监测分析方法（试行）》一书，选用南京市几种有代表性的工业废渣，对其腐蚀性及浸出毒性进行了分析测定，填补了南京市目前对固体废物试验研究的不足，为固体废物的污染监测，废物处置的安全性评价提供一定依据。     

建设项目环保设施竣工验收监测中存在的问题及建议

论述了当前建设项目环境治理工程验收监测中存在的问题,提出了监测部门应提前介入工程验收工作监测报告要注意工程评价,验收监测不作为排污收费表征依据建筑建议。     

固定源废气监测工作若干技术问题的探讨

从监测工况、测点位置、采样过程、结果计算等几方面出发，结合实际经验，对大气固定污染源的监测工作中存在的一些疑难问题进行探讨。     

骆马湖水体氮污染特征分析

2005年通过对骆马湖水质监测，并结合近几年的监测资料进行了分析，结果表明，氮是骆马湖水体的主要污染物，包括总氮、氨氮和硝酸盐氮，其主要特征是入湖河流、降水、围网养殖和点源带来的污染。     

试论环境监测报告的审核

环境监测报告的审核是环境监测质最保证工作的最后环节。作者从审核程序、审核人员资质、审核脚容等方面对报告的审核进行了阐述。     

Developing a circumpolar programme for the monitoring of Arctic terrestrial biodiversity

The Arctic is undergoing biological and environmental changes, and a coordinated effort to monitor is critical to detect these changes. The Circumpolar Biodiversity Monitoring Programme (CBMP) of the Arctic Council biodiversity working group, Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna (CAFF), has developed pan-Arctic biodiversity monitoring plans that aims to improve the ability to detect and report on long-term changes. Whilst introducing this special issue, this paper also presents the making of the terrestrial monitoring plan and discusses how the plan follows the steps required for an adaptive and ecosystem-based monitoring programme. In this article, we discuss how data on key findings can be used to inform circumpolar and global assessments, including the State of the Arctic Terrestrial Biodiversity Report, which will be the first terrestrial assessment made by the CBMP. Key findings, advice for future monitoring and lessons learned will be used in planning next steps of pan-Arctic coordinated monitoring.     

Abundance and sources of ambient dioxins in Hong Kong: a review of dioxin measurements from 1997 to 2001

Ambient measurements of seventeen 2,3,7,8-polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin/dibenzofuran congeners (2,3,7,8-PCDD/Fs) have been taken in a number of monitoring programs or ad-hoc studies in Hong Kong. The longest monitoring program started at two locations in the territory in July 1997. The other monitoring efforts are ad-hoc studies, varying from a few coordinated sampling events at multiple sites to a year-long monitoring project that targeted suspected local dioxin sources. In this paper, we examined these measurements to understand the ambient levels, temporal and spatial variation, and possible sources of the 2,3,7,8-PCDD/Fs in Hong Kong. The territory-wide annual average concentration of the dioxins was 0.052 pg I-TEQ/m3 measured at the regular monitoring stations in the most recent annual cycle of 2000/2001. This level fell at the lower end of the range of dioxin concentrations measured at other urban locations around the world. The dioxin levels showed a clear seasonality in that elevated concentrations were observed in the winter and lower concentrations in the summer at all monitoring sites with one year or more regular measurements. The measurements indicated that the few known local dioxin sources, including a major chemical waste incinerator facility, landfill sites, and vehicular traffic, are not important contributors to ambient dioxins in Hong Kong. On days of high dioxin concentrations, the 2,3,7,8-PCDD/F congeners were observed to have almost identical compositions with a north-northwest to south-southeast spatial gradient in concentrations at different sampling locations in Hong Kong. This observation, along with other collaborative evidence, established a strong link between high dioxin concentration days in Hong Kong and regional transport of the polluted air masses from the north.     

Herbicide contamination of surficial groundwater in Northern Italy

Data on herbicide pollution in groundwater are rather scarce; monitoring data are based on single investigation, focussing on limited area and on few compounds of interest. The large number of approved active ingredients (approximately 600 chemicals) makes difficult to obtain an accurate and actual information on herbicide application in different countries, even if herbicides are the second most important class of pesticides used in the European Union. The results of a two-year monitoring campaign undertaken in two areas intensively cultivated at Lombardy, Northern Italy, showed a diffuse groundwater contamination due to active ingredients and their metabolites. More than 50% of samples overcame M.A.C. and the most common herbicides were Atrazine, Terbuthylazine and Metolachlor, while DEA and DET metabolites were often characterized by greater concentrations than their relative active principles.     

Assessment and rationalization of water quality monitoring network: a multivariate statistical approach to the Kabbini River (India)

The establishment of an efficient surface water quality monitoring (WQM) network is a critical component in the assessment, restoration and protection of river water quality. A periodic evaluation of monitoring network is mandatory to ensure effective data collection and possible redesigning of existing network in a river catchment. In this study, the efficacy and appropriateness of existing water quality monitoring network in the Kabbini River basin of Kerala, India is presented. Significant multivariate statistical techniques like principal component analysis (PCA) and principal factor analysis (PFA) have been employed to evaluate the efficiency of the surface water quality monitoring network with monitoring stations as the evaluated variables for the interpretation of complex data matrix of the river basin. The main objective is to identify significant monitoring stations that must essentially be included in assessing annual and seasonal variations of river water quality. Moreover, the significance of seasonal redesign of the monitoring network was also investigated to capture valuable information on water quality from the network. Results identified few monitoring stations as insignificant in explaining the annual variance of the dataset. Moreover, the seasonal redesign of the monitoring network through a multivariate statistical framework was found to capture valuable information from the system, thus making the network more efficient. Cluster analysis (CA) classified the sampling sites into different groups based on similarity in water quality characteristics. The PCA/PFA identified significant latent factors standing for different pollution sources such as organic pollution, industrial pollution, diffuse pollution and faecal contamination. Thus, the present study illustrates that various multivariate statistical techniques can be effectively employed in sustainable management of water resources. Highlights ? The effectiveness of existing river water quality monitoring network is assessed ? Significance of seasonal redesign of the monitoring network is demonstrated ? Rationalization of water quality parameters is performed in a statistical framework     

The Characterization of Ozone,Sulfur Dioxide,and Nitrogen Dioxide for Selected Monitoring Sites in the Federal Republic of Germany

Ambient ozone, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide data collected at 11 rural gaseous air pollution monitoring stations located throughout the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) were characterized to provide a basis for investigating the effect these air pollutants may have on forest decline. For any given year, with the exception of the Waldhof site, the ozone monitoring sites did not experience more than 50 occurrences of hourly mean concentrations equal to or above 0.10 ppm. In most cases, the number of occurrences equal to or above 0.10 ppm at the FRG ozone monitoring sites was below the number experienced at a rural forested site located at Whiteface Mountain, New York. Several of the FRG monitoring sites experienced a large number of occurrences of hourly mean ozone concentrations between 0.08 and 0.10 ppm. Hof, Selb, Arzberg, and Waldhof experienced several occurrences of elevated levels of sulfur dioxide concentrations. The nitrogen dioxide 24-h mean concentrations were low for all sites. Because the 24-h mean data may mask the occurrence of a few high concentration events, it is not known if any of the sites that monitored nitrogen dioxide experienced short-term elevated concentrations. To gain further insight into the possible effect of pollutant mixtures on vegetation, future efforts should involve characterizing the timing of multi-pollutant exposures.     

Site Redundancy in Urban Ozone Monitoring

This article describes two statistical methods that enable air pollution control agencies to assess the effectiveness of the spatial distribution of current stationary ozone monitoring networks by providing measures of site redundancy. These methods analyze site redundancy by determining the degree to which ozone measurements at one site can be successfully predicted from data collected at other monitoring sites. The first method, the similarity (SIM) measure, calculates redundancy based on the percentage of common operational days during which two monitoring stations report similar daily maximum ozone concentrations. The second method, a modeling technique, relates site redundancy in ozone measurement to an R-squared statistic from an autoregressive model. The model uses meteorological components recorded at a central location and ozone concentrations reported by the network’s other monitoring stations. Both techniques can assist in effective allocation of limited monitoring resources and offer a statistical approach to ambient air monitoring network design. The techniques are applied to data collected at six ozone monitoring stations in Harris County, Texas, during an eight-year period in the 1980s. The methods identified two sites in the six-site network that exhibit a high degree of redundancy.     

Introducing an integrated climate change perspective in POPs modelling, monitoring and regulation

This paper presents a review on the implications of climate change on the monitoring, modelling and regulation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Current research gaps are also identified and discussed.Long-term data sets are essential to identify relationships between climate fluctuations and changes in chemical species distribution. Reconstructing the influence of climatic changes on POPs environmental behaviour is very challenging in some local studies, and some insights can be obtained by the few available dated sediment cores or by studying POPs response to inter-annual climate fluctuations. Knowledge gaps and future projections can be studied by developing and applying various modelling tools, identifying compounds susceptibility to climate change, local and global effects, orienting international policies.Long-term monitoring strategies and modelling exercises taking into account climate change should be considered when devising new regulatory plans in chemicals management.     

Congener-specific detection of dioxins using jet-REMPI

Although 210 chemically different polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran congeners can be produced during combustion, it is currently believed that fewer than 20 are toxic enough to warrant monitoring. SRI is developing a continuous emissions monitor to study the emission levels of these most toxic dioxins, leading eventually to an improved understanding of the formation of these molecules and to improved means of monitoring and control. We report here the first results of performing congener-specific detection for two dichloro dibenzo-p-dioxins present in low ppt concentrations in a mixture using the supersonic jet/resonantly enhanced multiphoton ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer technique. In addition, we present preliminary data on the detection of chlorinated aromatic compounds using a two-color REMPI scheme with the same instrument.