烟台西港倾倒区海域浮游生物的群落特征

分析了倾倒活动结束后烟台西港倾倒区海域浮游生物的群落结构特征。结果表明,浮游植物群落具有硅藻为主、甲藻为次的特征,生态性质以温带近岸性物种为主。倾倒区停用后,硅藻数量大幅增加。桡足类、浮游幼虫及毛颚类的强壮箭虫是浮游动物群落的主要组成。浮游动物丰度、生物量与浮游植物丰度变化趋势大体一致。多样性分析表明,浮游生物群落结构比较稳定,倾倒区海域生态环境质量尚好。     

黄岛电厂温排水对大型底栖生物群落的影响

以黄岛电厂温排水邻近海域为研究对象,2010年9月调查了电厂温排水对该海域大型底栖生物群落结构的影响。在9个站点共采集到大型底栖生物76种,平均生物量5．79 g/m2,平均密度830 m-2。利用Bray-Curtis相似性聚类对各样本大型底栖生物分析得出,调查区域可划分为4个群落。各样点Shannon-Wiener多样性指数在2．42～4．25之间,平均指数为3．67,其中靠近温排水区域站位的生物多样性呈现下降的趋势。丰度生物量比较（Abundance/biomass comparison, ABC）曲线分析结果显示,靠近排水口处的大型底栖生物群落受到一定程度的干扰。冗余分析（ RDA）结果表明,水温是影响底栖生物群落变化的最主要因子,对调查区域大型底栖生物群落变化的解释量达到60．5％,影响范围为排水口附近温升在3℃以上的区域。     

陆源有机污染对舟山海域大型底栖生物分布的影响

2009年4月对舟山海域进行了25个站位的底栖生物调查,结合同期进行初级生产力、海水水质等的调查数据,分析了初级生产力、富营养化等环境因子对舟山海域大型底栖生物分布的影响。结果表明,舟山海域大型底栖生物共获得84种,多毛类是主要优势类群。舟山海域大型底栖生物平均生物量为11.62g/m²,平均丰度为208.5个/平方米,多样性指数(H')为1.64。舟山海域大型底栖生物的生物量、丰度和多样性指数均呈现由近岸向外海递增的趋势。应用相关性统计分析表明,舟山海域大型底栖生物的分布与海水化学耗氧量(COD)、无机氮(DIN)、磷酸盐(DIP)、富营养化指数和底层溶解氧(DO)存在显著负相关;与初级生产力、盐度和透明度存在显著正相关。说明陆源有机污染、盐度、透明度、初级生产力和底层溶解氧是影响舟山海域大型底栖生物分布的主要因素,其中陆源有机污染是最主要的影响因素。     

养马岛后海区域秋季大型底栖动物群落特征

2010年9月在烟台养马岛后海海域开展了大型底栖动物调查,并进行了群落特征分析。结果表明,该海域内的大型底栖动物多毛类占绝对优势,群落间差异较小,可划分为4 个群落,长叶索沙蚕（Lumbrinereis longiforlia）、钩毛虫（Sigambra sp.）、中蚓虫（Mediomastus sp.）等多毛类生物的丰度高低是构成群落差异的主要因素。栖息环境的差异是造成群落间差异的主要原因,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为1.17~2.92,平均值为2.13。人为扰动是影响多样性水平的主要因素,在航道通过、养殖区分布的影响下,群落受到不同程度的扰动,整体稳定性较弱。     

长江口及其邻近海域春季大型底栖生物群落与环境因子的典范对应分析

2009年4月对长江口及其邻近海域的21个站位进行了大型底栖生物调查,分析了大型底栖动物的环境质量状况,并结合环境因子数据进行了典范对应分析。结果表明,调查共鉴定大型底栖生物56种,多毛类为主要类群。平均生物量为11.26 g/m2,平均丰度为237.4个/m2。生物量、丰度均呈现由近岸向外海递增的趋势。水深、盐度、初级生产力和有机质、重金属是影响调查海域大型底栖生物群落的主要环境因子。大型底栖生物的分布呈现出对有机污染与重金属污染显著的躲避趋势,表明有机污染与重金属污染已显著影响该海域大型底栖生物的生长。而小头虫、寡节甘吻沙蚕、长手沙蚕和丝鳃虫对有机污染和重金属污染展现出较强的的耐受性。     

舟山群岛夏季潮间带大型底栖生物群落生态学研究

为了解舟山群岛潮间带大型底栖生物生态环境质量的现状,2009年7月对舟山群岛潮间带7个断面进行了大型底栖生物的分类、组成、栖息密度、生物量、多样性及群落稳定性等的研究。结果表明,该调查共鉴定大型底栖生物103种,软体动物、甲壳动物和多毛类构成主要类群。生物量平均值为96.19 g/m2,栖息密度平均值为223.1个/m2,多样性指数平均值为2.14。根据相似性系数聚类分析可将舟山群岛的潮间带各潮区分为2个组群。底质和潮汐是影响潮间带大型底栖生物群落结构的主要因子。嵊泗断面潮间带群落稳定性良好,其他断面的潮间带生物群落受到中度程度的污染或扰动,群落结构不稳定。总体上,舟山群岛潮间带大型底栖生物的种类相对贫乏,群落结构简单,多样性指数较低,生态环境质量较差。     

2015—2018年海州湾及邻近海域浮游植物群落结构特征

根据2015—2018年春、夏季海州湾及邻近海域8个航次的调查资料,对该海域浮游植物种类组成、优势种、丰度及多样性进行了调查,应用相关性分析和典范对应分析(CCA)研究了环境因子对海州湾浮游植物群落结构的影响,共发现浮游植物96种,其中硅藻80种.中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)在各航次均是第一优...     

浙江省水源地水库浮游动物食性功能群特征及水质响应

为探明浙江省水源地水库浮游动物食性功能群特征及其与水体综合营养状态指数(TLIc)的关系,达到用浮游动物食性功能群参数监测水源地水库水质的目的,于2014年1月—2018年10月对浙江省8座饮用水水源地水库(K1～K8)开展了水质参数及浮游动物食性功能群丰度、生物量、物种多样性指数季节性调查.采用多元逐步回归与通径分析...     

太湖东部水域浮游硅藻群落特征及其与环境因子关系

对太湖东部水域9个点位浮游硅藻的群落结构进行了分析。结果表明,9个点位的生物多样性处于一般到较丰富状态,其水质为中污染到轻污染;硅藻群落的物种丰富度、生物量和密度因水域地形特点、换水周期等因素出现差异,在半封闭水体中的物种丰富度较差,生物量和藻密度较高,优势种所指示的水质处于中等偏下水平。硅藻相对多度和各项环境因子冗余分析显示,总磷(TP)对群落的组成和分布影响显著。东北部水域浮游硅藻群落主要受到TP和浊度(NTU)的影响,东南部水域浮游硅藻群落受到TP和NTU的影响则很小。     

小清河水生生物资源调查研究

文章结合小清河水质达标的工作要求,对该河段进行水生生物资源调查与评估。采用实地调查及生物多样性指数分析,监测结果显示浮游植物29种,绿藻门、硅藻门和蓝藻门为优势种群;浮游动物2种,分属于剑水蚤科和蟤科;底栖动物22种,环节动物寡毛类占捕获量比例最大;鱼虾620条22种。生物多样性总体呈现出上下游高、中游低的现象。从生物物种的组成上,表明小清河济南段流域存在不同程度的水质污染。     

Intra-monsoonal variation of zooplankton population in the Sundarbans Estuarine System,India

The present study was conducted during July 2013 (early phase of monsoon or EM) and September 2013 (later phase of monsoon or LM) to ascertain the intra-monsoonal variation on zooplankton, by selecting 15 study stations in the river Saptamukhi, one of the main estuaries in the Sundarbans Estuarine System (SES). In 2013, SES experienced an unusually high monsoonal rainfall also exacerbated by cloud burst event at Himalayan region (upper stretches of SES) which tremendously increased the river runoff. The present work was aimed to decipher the effect of this unusual precipitation during the monsoon season on zooplankton assemblages along with different hydrological parameters. The abundance of zooplankton was recorded as lower during EM compared to LM. Altogether, 56 zooplankton taxa were identified with copepods forming the predominant population. Thirty-three copepod species were reported with 25 calanoid species forming the bulk of the biomass followed by 5 and 3 species of cyclopoids and harpacticoid, respectively. A combination of multivariate cluster analysis, biotic indices, and canonical correspondence analysis revealed noticeable alterations in the zooplankton community structure across the spatio-temporal scale. Furthermore, significant intra-monsoonal changes in zooplankton population correlated with several hydrological parameters were clearly noticed. Paracalanus parvus, Bestiolina similis and Oithona similis were observed to be the most dominant copepod species in both sampling periods. The result of the present study provides new insight on estuarine zooplankton community after unusual rainfall during monsoon season, and provides further evidence to support the conservation and management of the SES ecosystem.     

近10年南通市近岸海域功能区生物状况分析

通过对南通市2006—2015年近岸海域功能区生物环境状况监测和分析,功能区海水基本处于贫至中营养状态,营养指数呈先降后稳再升的变化趋势。底栖生物物种较少,多样性指数波动中呈轻微下降趋势。浮游生物中,浮游植物多样性指数较为稳定,浮游动物年度间波动起伏差异较大。从优势种来看,优势比例明显,浮游植物以硅藻门为主,中肋骨条藻作为主要优势种占据多年;浮游动物以浮游甲壳动物为主,真刺唇角水蚤等河口半咸水种和近岸低盐物种较多,应引起重视。     

东平湖浮游动物对南水北调东线运行的时空响应

东平湖是南水北调东线工程输水线路下游的最后一个调蓄湖泊.为探究调水后的东平湖浮游动物时空响应,于2016—2017年对东平湖浮游动物进行了涵盖春(4月)、夏(7月)、秋(10月)、冬(1月)的4次调查,共检出浮游动物3类72种(属),其中,轮虫51种(70.83％)、枝角类11种(15.28％)、桡足类10种(13.8...     

River discharge as a major driving force on spatial and temporal variations in zooplankton biomass and community structure in the Godavari estuary India

Variability in horizontal zooplankton biomass distribution was investigated over 13 months in the Godavari estuary, along with physical (river discharge, temperature, salinity), chemical (nutrients, particulate organic matter), biological (phytoplankton biomass), and geological (suspended matter) properties to examine the influencing factors on their spatial and temporal variabilities. The entire estuary was filled with freshwater during peak discharge period and salinity near zero, increased to ~ 34 psu during dry period with relatively high nutrient levels during former than the latter period. Due to low flushing time (< 1 day) and high suspended load (> 500 mg L^?1) during peak discharge period, picoplankton (cyanophyceae) contributed significantly to the phytoplankton biomass (Chl-a) whereas microplankton and nanoplankton (bacillariophyceae, and chlorophyceae) during moderate and mostly microplankton during dry period. Zooplankton biomass was the lowest during peak discharge period and increased during moderate followed by dry period. The zooplankton abundance was controlled by dead organic matter during peak discharge period, while both phytoplankton biomass and dead organic matter during moderate discharge and mostly phytoplankton biomass during dry period. This study suggests that significant modification of physico-chemical properties by river discharge led to changes in phytoplankton composition and dead organic matter concentrations that alters biomass, abundance, and composition of zooplankton in the Godavari estuary.     

2012—2017年海州湾潮间带大型底栖动物群落结构及变化

为了解海州湾潮间带大型底栖动物群落结构,分析人类养殖活动对其影响,于2012-2017年对该区域大型底栖动物进行调查。结果表明：6年间共发现120种大型底栖动物,依据种类组成进行聚类分析可分为4组;调查中总平均丰度为3 495.9 ind./m²,范围为506.7~17 864.0 ind./m²;总平均生物量为197.26 g/m²,范围为1.58~489.17 g/m²。光滑河蓝蛤（Potamocorbula laevis）为第一优势种,其繁殖盛期在每年9-10月。调查期间生物多样性整体呈下降趋势,人类的养殖活动主导着海州湾潮间带大型底栖动物群落结构的变化。     

Controlling factors of phytoplankton seasonal succession in oligotrophic Mali Ston Bay (south-eastern Adriatic)

Fine spatial and temporal phytoplankton variability in Mali Ston Bay has been observed for the first time based on physicochemical properties and small herbivorous zooplankton. Extensive year-through research was conducted during 2002 at Usko station which is traditionally an area of intensive shellfish farming. The Neretva River inflow, submarine springs (“vruljas”) and precipitation are additional sources of nutrients in the bay. Temperature and salinity, combined with total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) were observed to be the most important environmental factors driving the succession of phytoplankton communities. Orthophosphate was a potential limiting factor for phytoplankton development. The nanophytoplankton abundances, as well as the microphytoplankton diatoms are controlled by herbivorous zooplankton grazing (‘top-down’ control) more than other groups of microphytoplankton. Nanophytoplankton dominated phytoplankton abundance and its most intensive development was recorded in winter and spring, while increase in microphytoplankton abundance occurred in spring and autumn. Diatoms dominated microphytoplankton abundance mostly in winter and autumn, while dinoflagellates dominated in spring and summer. Considering the number of taxa and abundance, dinoflagellates were the dominant microphytoplankton group during the year and were the main component of the spring blooms. At that time, in conditions of elevated temperature (>16 °C), decreased salinity (34–36) and increased concentrations of TIN, blooms of harmful dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum were recorded for the first time in the bay. The results showed a significant difference in environmental conditions, as well as in the annual phytoplankton succession and community structure, as compared with studies carried out more than 20 years ago in this area.