A role and expectancy model of participative decision-making: A replication and theoretical extension

Schuler's process model of employee participation in decision-making and job satisfaction (Schuler, 1980; Lee and Schuler, 1982) was tested using a path analytic approach. Reanalysis of Schuler's data and replication on a new sample indicated that (a) participation in decision-making has both direct and indirect effects on job satisfaction; and (b) performance–outcome expectancy, role conflict, and role ambiguity all appear to mediate the relationship between participation and satisfaction. In an extension of the model, organizational level and job involvement were hypothesized to moderate the participation–satisfaction relationship (i.e. function interactively). Although neither variable functions as a moderator, job involvement operates in a fashion similar to participation in the model. In general, consistent results across four independent samples strongly support Schuler's basic process model.     

A+A2003工业安全及健康展览会观感

为了加强与国际职业安全同行的交流联系。了解当今世界各国在职业安全产品方面的最新动态。学习国外职业安全展览会的参展内容、办会形式等方面的经验。应杜塞尔多夫展览(中国)有限公司的邀请．中国纺织品商业协会劳保专业委员会首次组团于2003年10月27日～30日前去德国参观考察“A A 2003工业安全及健康展览会”。     

一种简明、实用的屏障模型

本文通过对奶酪模型理论、能量意外释放论存在问题的分析,基于日常工作实践及相关理论,首次把能量意外释放论与奶酪模型理论结合在一起并加以修正,提出一种新型、实用的屏障模型,该模型结构简单、层次清晰,不仅消弭了奶酪模型理论、能量意外释放论各自的一些缺陷,而且还揭示了事故发生的内因、外因,尤其是在事故预防与事故原因分析等方面都有着独特的优势。     

湘潭某锰矿重大中毒窒息事故分析及预防

叙述了湘潭某群采锰矿重大中毒窒息事故的经过,分析了产生的原因,并总结了经验教训,提出了预防措施。     

A software based simulation for cleaner production: A game between manufacturers and government

This paper shows how game theory could be applied to better assess the various strategies available to government and manufacturers to promote more environmentally friendly products through cleaner production by examining several different game scenarios . In order to demonstrate the problem situation of cleaner production more visually, the ‘Gambit’ software package is used to simulate the created game models conceived as “two person non-cooperative” games. The application of game theory is shown to provide a useful insight into strategic decision making by both government and manufacturers. The limitation of the game model and the associated analysis is also discussed, laying a foundation for further work.     

电除尘器的设计与探讨

介绍了电除尘器的工作原理、结构特性、基本参数和总体设计计算。这种电除尘器可广泛使用于冶金、化工、轻工 ,水泥和矿山等工业部门 ,随着人们对生态环境质量要求的不断提高 ,电除尘器将成为环保的重要设备     

Career success and personal failure experiences and Type A behaviour

This study examines the relationship of Type A behaviour to career experiences associated with feelings of personal failure (Korman and Korman, 1980). Seventy-five managers completed the Jenkins Activity Survey, a widely used paper-and-pencil index of Type A behaviour, and measures of various career experiences. The data provided concurrent validation of the Korman's model and also showed Type A behaviour to be significantly related to career outcomes reflecting disappointment, alienation and personal failure. A case is made for the inclusion of Type A in career research. Implications for careerists and their organizations are offered.     

A predictive study of emotional labor and turnover

The current study examined how the emotional labor strategies of deep acting and surface acting directly influence emotional exhaustion and turnover intentions, and indirectly impact actual turnover among a sample of bank tellers. Turnover data were collected from organizational records 6 months after participants responded to a survey that measured emotional labor strategies, emotional exhaustion, and turnover intentions. Results showed that turnover intentions mediated the relationship between deep acting and actual turnover. Additionally, surface acting had indirect effects on turnover through emotional exhaustion and turnover intentions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Relocation attitudes and adjustment: A longitudinal study

This study identified correlates of attitude toward an impending employer-initiated relocation, then followed up by predicting post-transfer attitude and adjustment difficulty in the same sample. Predictors suggested by past research on mobility attitudes (i.e. demographic characteristics and attributes of the pre-move location) were less important in explaining pre-move attitude toward the transfer than were expected attributes of the new location. After the move, experienced aspects of the new location such as role ambiguity, degree of advancement, and community and job satisfaction were the strongest predictors of overall post-move attitude and adjustment difficulty. In many cases, pre-move expectations about attributes of the new location were not related to affect or adjustment after the move, suggesting that pre-move expectations may have been inaccurate. Implications for theory, research, and organizational practice are discussed.     

A modified computer hazard and operability study procedure

The application of modifications of the hazard and operability study method (Hazop) to process facilities using computer-based control systems has led to the development of computer Hazop (Chazop) procedures. A number of the Chazop procedures cited in the literature broaden the method and depart from the base documentation of the Hazop method. It is suggested that a robust Chazop method requires implementation at the line-by-line level of detail and as a separate, complementary study using the same base documentation (piping and instrumentation diagrams) as that used in the Hazop method.     

A review and critique of emotional intelligence measures

Emotional intelligence measures vary widely in both their content and in their method of assessment. In particular, emotional intelligence measures tend to use either a self‐report personality‐based approach, an informant approach, or an ability‐based assessment procedure. In this paper, the measurement and psychometric properties of four of the major emotional intelligence measures (Emotional Competence Inventory, Emotional Quotient Inventory, Multifactor Emotional Intelligence Scale, Mayer–Salovey–Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test) are reviewed, the comparability of these measures is examined, and some conclusions and suggestions for future research on emotional intelligence measures are provided. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

赴法、德安全生产法制和文化建设考察报告

应法国维特拉国际有限公司和德国律师协会的邀请,以国家安全生产监督管理局政法司陈光同志为团长,由杨庆生、沈萍、卢宝良、张德卿、周维奇等6名同志组成的考察团,于2002年12月11日至24日,对法、德两国的安全生产监管体制、安全生产法律体系、安全文化建设、安全技术投入状况和工伤保险机制,对德国的煤矿安全管理和安全监察工作。考察访问了法国阿斯勒(ASL)安全风险援助工程公司、德国煤炭技术研究机构(DMI公司)、德国煤炭博物馆等。     

Critical infrastructures and responsibility: A conceptual exploration

In this article some considerations are presented as a starting point for judging responsibility for infrastructural systems from a moral point of view. Infrastructural systems are essential for present day high-tech society. Without good working infrastructural systems people would hardly be able to survive. The importance and relevance of good working critical infrastructures for states and other public authorities are illustrated with some examples. Next, the meaning of the concept of responsibility in relation to infrastructural systems is developed. Outcome responsibility and remedial responsibility – developed in philosophy of law and political philosophy – are elaborated as useful concepts for dealing with responsibilities in infrastructural systems. This analysis is applied to the players on the infrastructural field: governments and other public authorities, non-state institutional actors and last but not least individual agents. In a last paragraph some conclusions are drawn, which can be applied for apportioning responsibility for infrastructures in practice.     

微重力波动与燃烧温度变化的研究

本文通过试验飞机抛物线飞行进行了微重力燃烧实验,采集得到微重力条件下一个采样点微重力波动和燃烧温度变化的数据,在此基础上将时间序列预测和神经网络相结合进行了微重力波动与燃烧温度变化的研究,揭示了试验飞机抛物线飞行中微策略波动和采样点燃烧温度变化的规律。     

Achievement motive: A reconceptualization and new instrument

A questionnaire based on a facet definition of achievement motive was devised to assess achievement tendencies amongst managers. The facet definition provided guidelines for the creation of items and the formulation of hypotheses concerning the structural relations among components of achievement motive. The questionnaire was then administered to a sample of 190 middle managers in a large industrial corporation in Israel. As hypothesized, results reflected three facets of achievement motive. (1) type of confrontation. (2) time perspective of task performance and. (3) behavioural modality. Six measures formed from a combination of items related to the first two facets were found to be internally reliable. Moreover, three of these measures dealing with readiness to confront uncertainty, to solve problems and to take calculated risks were found to predict at a significant level actual manager performance. Discussion focused on a multifaceted rather than unitary approach to achievement motive and implications for assessing its relationship to performance in various settings.     

A survey-based system for safety measurement and improvement

PROBLEM:A task force sought to develop a method for safety measurement that is reliable and valid and provides a framework for improvement efforts. METHOD: Over a 10-year period, through working in a chemical company with about 6,000 employees and over 50 plants, the authors researched the use of employee surveys to measure safety and as a diagnostic tool for improvement efforts. RESULTS: The statistical studies indicate that this survey, which evolved from the Minnesota Safety Perception Survey, is both reliable and valid as a measurement tool. The survey measures important components of the management system including (a) management's demonstration of commitment to safety, (b) education and knowledge of the workforce, (c) effectiveness of the supervisory process, and (d) employee involvement and commitment. This study also describes anecdotal evidence that the diagnostic element of the survey enables the development of effective action plans to improve safety performance. This evidence includes ratings of the process by plant managers who have used it. IMPACT ON INDUSTRY: The survey and related methods have helped to improve safety performance in several companies.     

Mental Workload and Health: A Latent Threat

The aim of this study is to investigate changes in cardiovascular activity associated with a high mental workload. The reported experiments, carried out in naturalistic settings, point to information load and information processing under time pressure as main risk factors. This kind of occupational stress had to be dealt with by two of the three groups under investigation: brokers and simultaneous interpreters; it was not experienced by lecturing university professors. The pattern of cardiovascular activity of the two former groups consisted of overmobilization of cardiovascular activity at the beginning of work, and only partial normalization of task-evoked changes in cardiovascular activity at the end of work. Substantial elevations of diastolic blood pressure and tachycardia, which followed earlier overmobilization, resemble a miniature copy of changes seen in the development of cardiovascular diseases.