基于Labveiw的试验设备集中监控系统设计

中央集中监控系统对于中大型试验场地或试验中心的统一管理、及时响应紧急状况、减少工作强度及人员具有现实而重要的意义。基于Lab View的试验设备的集中监控系统,通过对不同试验设备的适应性改造,以上位机为控制核心。通过以太网主干网络,构成环形以太网,其主要功能为采集试验设备的温度或湿度信号。     

多媒体远程实时控制系统

本文给出了多媒体远程实时控制系统的分层结构模型，介绍了基于该模型，实现网络实时传输和远程监控的关键技术和实现方法。为实现实时通信，减轻网络负载，系统可以根据当前的网络状态选择合适的协议来传输通信数据，引入多线程控制和协调机制，以实现并发控制。     

流域非点源水污染排放清单估算系统构建

基于流域水质改善与水环境管理需求,结合目前流域非点源水污染排放存在的问题,本研究采用SOA-B/S架构,运用MVC6和GIS与环境模型集成关键技术,构建流域非点源水污染排放清单估算系统,并系统梳理了地形数据、污染源环境统计数据、气象数据等基础信息,采用基于输出系数法的非点源水污染负荷估算模型,实现了对全年及年内各分水期非点源水污染排放清单的处理分析和估算。系统通过数据库、GIS平台、模型集成和业务系统建设,实现了对不同时间和空间尺度下不同地区的非点源水污染负荷估算,推进了流域非点源污染排放的信息化、科学化及可视化管理,为决策者制定流域水环境管理措施和方案提供了有力的技术支持。     

WEC-透空式防波堤集成装置能量转换效率研究

基于成本共享理念的波浪能发电装置(WEC)的开发与设计为降低建设成本提供了新的研究思路,应用计算流体力学方法对在透空箱式防波堤前附加垂荡浮子的集成装置进行数值模拟研究,主要研究了流体黏性和非线性PTO系统以及浮子形状对此类集成装置能量转换效率的影响。结果表明,此类集成装置可以获得较高的波能捕获宽度比（CWR）,最高可达0.7,可以较好地利用反射波波能。共振区间上受黏性影响较大,相比于线性无黏理论解,CWR下降明显;实现了2种非线性PTO系统的模拟,有待于进一步的优化未获得更高的CWR值;浮子形状优化效果明显,采用圆底形浮子受黏性影响更小,可以获得更大的CWR值。此种集成模型的模拟和研究可以为新型防波堤设计和现有防波堤的改造提供思路和参考。     

便携式远程医疗的ZIGBEE系统设计与电磁兼容分析

本文对远程医疗的ZIGBEE系统从印制电路板(PCB)的器件布局、布线等方面来进行了电磁兼容性研究和设计,完成的ZIGBEE监护系统能够实时传输性能良好的心电信号和血氧信号。同时该系统可以实现多节点网络的监控,能够通过ZIGBEE mesh网络实现数据的传输。同时该系统还可以通过协调器发送指令使终端设备休眠或唤醒,实现低功耗便携带的目的。该系统传输的数据误码率低,时延短,冲突少,通过本系统的设计,可以较好地通过网络观察人体的部分生理参数实现便携式远程医疗监护的目的。     

水污染在线监测系统的探究

针对石油系统环境监测点分布较广且处于野外,基于传统有线网络的数据采集系统应用受到限制的情况,在研究了3G网络原理和数据采集系统基础上,设计了适合在广阔地域或野外作业的水污染无线数据采集系统。污染源实时在线监控系统可以在"无人值守"的状态下,使企业的环境工作者更细致地了解废水排放的污染情况。     

基于Zigbee无线网络通信技术的机器人监控系统设计

针对机器人监控系统采集环境信息时受到网络不稳定、信息传输不完整等因素的影响,造成监控过程稳定性差,监控结果不准确的问题,设计了基于Zigbee无线网络通信技术的机器人监控系统。实验结果表明,基于Zigbee无线网络通信技术的机器人监控系统的延时振动频率低,说明基于Zigbee无线网络通信技术的机器人监控系统的网络通信稳定性更高,能够更好地保证监控结果的准确性。     

静放电多因素影响参数测试系统温湿度控制的设计

基于已有自主研发的新型测试系统,提出一种静电放电中电极移动速度与温湿度变化对放电结果造成影响研究装置的设计方案,给出了基本原理和具体实现描述。该设计用于对小间隙静电放电(ESD)中电极移动速度和温度引起放电参数的低重复离散特性进行探讨。设计基于STM32的温湿度智能网络监控系统和智能控制PID算法实现了温湿度的智能控制,以满足用静电放电电极移动速度效应测试仪定量获得更准确实验结果的需要。该设计弥补和完善了现有静放电测试平台的不足,对于展开小间隙静电放电性质的深入研究具有重要的推动作用和现实意义。     

基于ZigBee技术的电力环境监测系统设计

为了解决电力环境监测中的数据传输问题,提出了基于ZigBee技术的电力环境监测系统设计方案。该系统通过ZigBee节点采集各种电力环境数据,并将ZigBee网络和GPRS相结合实现远程监测。方案采用TI公司CC2430芯片设计传感器节点电路,在ZigBee协议栈的基础上设计了协调控制器节点,提高了系统的可扩展性,确保了数据传输的实时性和可靠性。     

污染源主数据统一协同管理设计

本文对江苏省生态环境监控的业务进行了分析,研究了协同管理各监控业务子系统及应用业务子系统中污染源信息的方法,统一集成了各业务子系统的污染源数据,重点描述了协同管理平台的架构设计、统一协同的设计流程。通过污染源统一协同平台的设计和建设,为江苏省环境保护决策提供了科学依据。     

湖泊蓝藻水华数字化预警系统构建探讨

构造湖泊蓝藻水华数字化预警系统是我国湖泊水环境管理的一个重要方向。本文探讨了构建湖泊蓝藻水华数字化预警系统的若干技术问题,包括：（1）数字化预警数学模式。提出需重视流域尺度的氮磷营养物和沉积动态输入以及营养物、沉积物对水生态结构动力过程的影响,建立非点源模型和湖泊生态结构动力学模型相耦合的预警数学模型模式;在此基础上提出了各种数学模型的可借鉴模式。（2）湖泊蓝藻水华预警监测技术。总结了常规水质监测的数据筛选方法,探讨了遥感技术和实时传输监测技术在水质监测中的应用模式,提出了实时监测和遥感监测需解决的技术难题和实现方法。（3）湖泊蓝藻数字化预警系统的设计。提出了数学模型系统、水质监控系统的网络化集成设计模式,提出了基于网络化地理信息系统的计算机应用软件实现模式。     

环境水质自动监测系统建设与运行管理

结合山东省环境水质自动监测系统的实际,就环境水质自动监测系统的建设、运行、管理等核心问题进行研究,提出了智能化、实用性、统一性相结合的系统集成方案和监控平台建设整体设计思路,分析了实行社会化、专业化、规模化运营的必要性,从完善监管机制、严格绩效考核、科学审核数据三方面探讨了系统监督管理模式,例证了自动监测数据在环境管理工作中的全面应用。     

远程控制在空气质量日报中的应用

设计了一套远程控制技术在大气自动监测系统中的应用方案,描述了远程控制技术的工作原理、结构方式,阐述了通过异地计算机控制中心站计算机来开展空气质量工作的实施过程。     

SCREENING THE RELOCATION STRATEGIES OF WATER QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS BY COMPROMISE PROGRAMMING1

Water quality monitoring network designs historically have tended to use experience, intuition, and subjective judgment in siting monitoring stations only sporadically. Better design procedures for optimizing monitoring systems with respect to multiple criteria decision analysis had rarely been put into practice up front when the needs for intensive monitoring became critical. This paper describes a systematic relocation strategy that is organized to identify several significant planning objectives and consider a series of inherent constraints simultaneously. The planning objectives considered in this analysis are designed to enhance the detection possibility for lower compliance areas, reflect the emphasis for different attainable water uses at different locations, promote the potential detection for the lower degradation areas of pollutants, increase the protection degree of those areas with higher population density in the proximity of the river system, and strengthen the pre‐warning capability of water quality for water intakes. The constraint set contains the limitations of budget, the equity implication, and the detection sensitivity in the water environment. A case study in the Kao‐Ping River Basin, South Taiwan, demonstrates the application potential of this methodology based on a seamless integration between the optimization and the simulation models. It enables identification of the optimal locational pattern stepwise using the embedded screening and sequencing capacity in a compromise programming model. However, a well calibrated and verified water quality model is an indispensable tool in support of this multiobjective evaluation. Extra sampling procedures become necessary for the sites with sparse environmental information. Comparison of planning outcomes of compromise programming is made against previously achieved analyses by using weighted programming and fuzzy programming.     

Integrating local and technical knowledge to support soil salinity monitoring in the Amudarya river basin

The role of monitoring is changing due to the increasing awareness of complexity and uncertainty in environmental resources management. Monitoring systems are required to support critical reflection about the effectiveness of actions toward the achievement of management objectives. To this aim, monitoring should be based on a strong integrated and multi-scale approach. Monitoring costs could be prohibitive if the monitoring is only based on traditional scientific methods of measurements. To deal with these issues, the design of an innovative monitoring system should be based on the integration between different sources of knowledge and information. In this work the usability of local knowledge to support environmental monitoring is investigated. A multi-step participatory monitoring design process has been implemented aiming to design a program for soil salinity monitoring in the lower Amudarya river basin in Uzbekistan. Although there is an increasing awareness of the importance of stakeholders being involved in decision processes, the current socio-cultural and institutional context is not favourable to the participatory approach. The choice of method to be implemented in this work was influenced by such conditions. The analysis of the lessons learned from the experiences gained in this project revealed some important clues concerning the development of a locally-based monitoring program. These lessons can be subdivided according to three fundamental issues: the long term involvement of local community members in monitoring activities, the acceptance of locally-based monitoring systems by decision makers, and the reliability of monitoring information.     

环境监测自动处理系统软件设计

环境监测是环境管理的基础性工作，随着环境管理工作日趋法制化、规范化和定量化，开发环境监测业务处理系统软件十分必要。本文在分析环监业务的现状和要求的基础上，结合计算机技术、OA技术，提出了一种环监业务自动化办公系统的设计思想，并分析了其功能需要。     

A novel system for environmental monitoring through a cooperative/synergistic scheme between bioindicators and biosensors

This paper addresses environmental monitoring through a robust dynamic integration between biomonitor and biosensor systems, a strategy that has not been attempted before. The two systems are conceptually interrelated and methodologically correlated to a cooperative/synergistic scheme (CSS) with a view to minimise uncertainty and monitoring costs and increase reliability of pollution control and abatement. The structures and operations of the biosensor component (in terms of sensitivity, device and method versatility, nature-mimicking physicochemical mechanisms, prospects and technological input) are such that they reinforce or promote the structures and operations of the natural component (in terms of bio-surveillance, impact assessment, environmental quality indexing, stress responses, metabolic pathways, etc.) and vice versa. The bioindicator ontology presented herein, including concepts, relations and controlled vocabulary aiming at establishing an integrated methodology for mapping/assessing negative environmental externalities, provides a useful tool for the design/development/implementation of an environmental network for the monitoring of a variety of pollutants over time and space and the assessment of environmental quality; the collection of the available information and its classification into taxonomic and partonomic relations allows the construction of a database that links pollutants with organisms' response, at a phenomenological and in-depth level, considering ecological parameters, relations and geomorphologic characteristics. As a result, a computer program has been designed/developed as a decision support system and has been successfully tested on a representative population of species indigenous to southern Greece. Significantly, a novel system in the form of a rational framework at the conceptual design level has been developed, that actually contributes towards achieving a cost-effective long-term monitoring program, with the flexibility to counter on-course any (anticipated or not) variations/modifications of the surveillance environment. This novel and pioneering approach will further offer a dynamic system utilised in (a) environmental impact studies and risk assessment (positive/analytic approach), (b) decision-making in the short-run (normative/tactic approach), and (c) policy-making in the long-run (normative/strategic approach). The proposed CSS, based on the integration of multiple data sources, can establish a local area network, incorporated into/expanding to a wide area network, thus offering the potential of better predictive ability and greater lead-time warning at alarm conditions than that provided by separate, stand-alone surveillance modalities.     

低成本环境温湿度测量系统的应用

针对温室环境温度测量的低成本和高精度要求,介绍了一种基于单总线数字温度传感器DS18820的温度湿度测量系统,重点讲述了该芯片在温室培育环境温度湿度控制系统应用中的优点,设计了Mcs-51单片机C程序设计和Visual Basic6．0软件中运用MsComm控件设计串行通信程序。通过软件界面实现了温度、湿度测量数据采集,同时对测量数据实现动态显示、存储和打印。     

ARCGIS‐SWAT: A GEODATA MODEL AND GIS INTERFACE FOR SWAT1

This paper presents ArcGIS‐SWAT, a geodata model and geographic information system (GIS) interface for the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The ArcGIS‐SWAT data model is a system of geodatabases that store SWAT geographic, numeric, and text input data and results in an organized fashion. Thus, it is proposed that a single and comprehensive geodatabase be used as the repository of a SWAT simulation. The ArcGIS‐SWAT interface uses programming objects that conform to the Component Object Model (COM) design standard, which facilitate the use of functionality of other Windows‐based applications within ArcGIS‐SWAT. In particular, the use of MS Excel and MATLAB functionality for data analysis and visualization of results is demonstrated. Likewise, it is proposed to conduct hydrologic model integration through the sharing of information with a not‐model‐specific hub data model where information common to different models can be stored and from which it can be retrieved. As an example, it is demonstrated how the Hydrologic Modeling System (HMS) ‐ a computer application for flood analysis ‐ can use information originally developed by ArcGIS‐SWAT for SWAT. The application of ArcGIS‐SWAT to the Seco Creek watershed in Texas is presented.     

The Information Cycle as a Framework for Defining Information Goals for Water-Quality Monitoring

/ The necessity to tailor information becomes increasingly urgent as the information revolution continues to generate ever-increasing flows of data and so-called information. From European experiences, a new approach for monitoring system design is suggested in this paper. In this approach, careful and detailed specification of information needs is a major contributing factor to the effectiveness of information products. To develop better specifications for information products, the process of collecting and transforming data into useful information requires careful thought and guidance. A dialogue between information users on one hand and information producers on the other is essential. This dialogue can be based on the information cycle, describing the continuous process from specifying information needs for water management and a strategy to collect information through data collection and data analysis up to utilization of information by water management. By following the respective steps in the information cycle, the process of information gathering can be completed. The cyclic character provides a quantitative means of connecting monitoring system design and operations with the information expectations and/or products required by management.