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微生物絮凝剂的研究现状与发展趋势 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
相对于传统絮凝剂而言,微生物絮凝剂具有絮凝效果好、应用范围广、易生物降解、对环境安全、无二次污染的特点。文章综述了微生物絮凝剂的类型和特点,详细阐述了其絮凝机理,分析了影响微生物絮凝剂絮凝性能的因素以及微生物絮凝剂在水处理中的应用。指出了当前微生物絮凝剂研究存在的问题以及今后的发展趋势。 相似文献
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微生物絮凝剂及其在污水处理中的应用 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
综述了微生物絮凝的种类,性质,产生条件。讨论了影响微生物絮凝剂絮凝活性的主要因素和絮凝机理的多样性;列举了徽生物絮凝剂在水处理中的应用;最后,展望了微生物絮凝剂的研究发展方向。 相似文献
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有机高分子絮凝剂的应用与研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
絮凝沉淀法是水处理中的有效方法,絮凝剂的选择是该方法中的关键因素,根据其化学成分的不同,一般分为无机、有机、微生物絮凝剂三种。有机高分子絮凝剂由于其用量小、絮凝速度快和受外界因素影响小等优势得到广泛的应用。本文详细介绍了有机高分子絮凝剂的种类、使用情况及研究进展,并对有机高分子絮凝剂的发展趋势进行了展望。 相似文献
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无机高分子絮凝剂聚合氯化铁的制备与应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
综述了分别以氯化铁、硫铁矿烧渣和酸洗废液为原料制备无机高分子絮凝剂聚合氯化铁的方法,以及其在低浊度水、合成洗涤剂废水和印染废水等水处理方面的应用。指出了聚合氯化铁絮凝剂在制备及应用上的发展趋势。 相似文献
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对利用炉渣作为马铃薯淀粉废水处理的絮凝剂和吸附滤料的实验过程和结果进行了介绍和分析,以期实现炉渣的以废治废。 相似文献
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污水的人工湿地系统处理技术 总被引:9,自引:4,他引:9
本文通过了人工湿地系统处理技术及其发展、应用的综述介绍,并以深圳白泥坑人工湿地处理系统工程与二级生化污水处理厂相比较。结果表明,用人工湿地系统处理污水具有投资少,耗能低,运行简便等优点,提出研究、推广应用湿地系统技术处理污水的建议,可供环境保护科研及管理人员参考。 相似文献
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William Whipple 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1978,14(6):1449-1456
ABSTRACT: A few years ago, many water quality administrators were convinced that large regional sewerage systems, consisting of one large treatment plant and long trunk sewers extending out to various communities, represented the only efficient and economical means of assuring water quality control. In communities favoring rapid development, the provision of sewer service and encouragement of development of new centers along the trunk sewers offered an additional advantage. More recently quite different points of view are arising in certain areas. In parts of New Jersey strong environmental and community resistance has arisen to proposed central plant-trunk sewer systems. The facilitation of new development along the trunk sewers is viewed as a menace by townships not wanting intensive development of these areas. The diversion of effluent flows to trunk sewers rather than septic tanks would dry up the streams which water quality programs are supposed to protect. Both sides to the controversy have mobilized engineering, environmental, economic, and legal expertise and some critical policy issues have developed. Reconsideration of regional sewerage management and particularly trunk sewer policy is required. The decision as to extent of sewerage service areas involves complex and sensitive planning issues. Because of potential conflicts of interest, such decisions should not be left to staffs of sewerage authorities and their design engineers. 相似文献
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This paper presents an empirical approach to select and prioritize sewerage projects within set budgetary limitations. The methodology includes a model which quantifies benefits of a sewerage project as an index or dimensionless number. The index considers need and urgency of sewerage and other project goals. Benefit is defined as the difference in anticipated impact between the current condition (without the project) and the expected condition with the project. Anticipated benefits primarily include reduction in environmental pollution, reduction of human diseases and morbidity, and other tangible and intangible improvement. This approach is a powerful decision tool for sewerage prioritization and an effective alternative to conventional cost-benefit analysis. Unlike conventional analysis, this approach makes no attempt to convert project benefits and other impacts into a monetary measure. This work recognizes that the decision to provide sewerage based solely on net benefits is not practical. Instead, benefit-cost ratios (B/C) are calculated utilizing cost-effectiveness approach. Using these ratios, 16 unserviced areas of Ensenada, Mexico are ranked. The prioritization rankings produced by this method must be further scrutinized and carefully reviewed for logic, accuracy of input data, and practicality of implementation. A similar framework may also be useful for prioritizing other public works projects. 相似文献
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Albin Brandstetter Roger L. Engel Dennis B. Cearlock 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1973,9(6):1188-1200
ABSTRACT: A comprehensive mathematical model (Urban Wastewater Management Model) has been developed to continuously simulate time-varying wastewater flows and qualities in complex metropolitan combined sewerage systems. The model serves three functions: (1) assessment of existing or planned system performance in relation to other wastewater discharges in either a metropolitan or river basin area; (2) determination of the optium operation or automatic control of existing or planned systems during rainstorms; and (3) determination of the most economically feasible combination of design alternatives for improving or expanding existing systems to meet specified performance criteria. The model provides an efficient engineering tool for evaluating and controlling pollutant discharges from combined sewerage systems (including treatment plants) to receiving waters, while considering the time and spacial variations of rainfall and dry-weather flows and qualities as well as economic constraints. 相似文献
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SBR法废水处理技术分析 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
本文介绍了SBR法处理原理及特点,使用该工艺所需设备和监测手段,应用前景。证明了SBR法适应性强,处理效果好,投资动行成本低,是一种经济、实用的污水处理工艺。 相似文献
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George Zukovs Barry J. Adams 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1980,16(4):601-607
ABSTRACT: A dynamic programming model is presented for planning the optimal capacity expansion sequence of waste water treatment plants servicing sewerage systems with infiltration/inflow. The model employs a nonlinear deterministic demand function for waste water treatment plant capacity. Model output provides the optimal timing, size, and sequence for treatment plant capacity expansion projects and infiltration/inflow removal projects. An example problem is presented and solved. 相似文献
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Zakkour PD Gaterell MR Griffin P Gochin RJ Lester JN 《Journal of environmental management》2002,66(2):105-114
Increasing political effort to improve water quality across the UK and Europe has led to water and sewerage companies investing heavily in high-tech wastewater treatment plants capable of producing high quality effluents. Consequently, amounts of bought-in electricity used for wastewater treatment has and will continue to increase significantly over coming years, while greater provision of enhanced sewage treatment also produces greater volumes of sewage sludge requiring treatment and disposal. Over the same period, tougher controls on the quality of biosolids applied to agricultural land have also been introduced, while there has been an international attempt to reduce the use of fossil-fuel derived power sources because of concerns over global warming. The latter has brought about the introduction of financial instruments, such as the Climate Change Levy, to curb energy use, promote energy efficiency and encourage the development of renewable energy technologies. These factors are set to drive-up the costs of providing adequate sewage treatment services, while at the same time, a tough regulatory line taken to control profits on regional monopolies held by the UK water companies will significantly reduce their revenues over the period 2000-05. The result is that, financially, UK water and sewerage companies face their most challenging period since privatisation in 1989. This paper briefly outlines the current regulations relating to water quality and energy use that will affect water company operations over coming years. 相似文献
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Omar S. Abu-Rizaiza Rahman Hammadur 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1998,34(4):855-863
ABSTRACT: Extensive use is made of on-site wastewater disposal systems of cesspools due to the absence of a sanitary sewerage system in Saudi urban areas. This system has caused the groundwater table to rise to a public nuisance level. A health risk has also evolved. There are several infrastructural, environmental, and social impacts from this, resulting in great financial losses. Examples are: surface water flooding, damage to foundations of buildings and asphalt street pavements, flooded basements and added construction costs required for excavation, dewatering, insulation materials, and special cements. Most of these costs are indirectly being paid by the private and public sectors. This study compares the estimated costs of damage and losses with the estimated costs of building, operating, and maintaining sanitary sewerage systems in the cesspool-served areas. The annual cost of the cesspool system, depending on the severity of the adverse impacts, ranges from 2.2 to 4.4 times the annual cost of the sanitary sewerage system. Remedies for these impacts are very expensive, and delays in the implementation of the sanitary sewerage facility will make the damage recovery more expensive, and in some cases, impossible. Thus, it is recommended that highest priority to be given to the sanitary sewerage systems in Saudi urban areas. 相似文献
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Mark H. Houck Jeff R. Wright James T. Diamond Graham Toft 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1988,24(3):651-659
ABSTRACT: Indiana has embarked on a program to assess the condition of its infrastructure and to plan for its future. The perspective of this planning differs from the traditional “master plan” approach — instead, the focus is on competitiveness for economic development. The initial work on the water and sewerage competitiveness of the infrastructure includes: (1) a comparative analysis of the water resources and infrastructure of Indiana and its industrial midwestern neighbors; (2) a technology scan to identify possible technological opportunities that may be important for Indiana; and (3) a set of recommendations for future planning. This work is preliminary in nature but should serve as a starting point for continued strategic planning over the next decade for positioning of Indiana's water and sewerage infrastructure as a key element in the economic growth equation. 相似文献
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Lúcio Costa Proença Enedir Ghisi Davi da Fonseca TavaresGabriel Marcon Coelho 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》2011,55(11):960-965
Nowadays, it is very important that water and energy resources are used appropriately as this is a challenge to promote sustainable development. In some sectors, such as water and sewerage utilities, energy consumption depends on water consumption. The main objective of this work is to estimate the potential for electricity savings in a water and sewerage utility by reducing potable water consumption in the residential, commercial and public sectors in the city of Florianópolis, southern Brazil. These three sectors account for 98.9% of the total water consumption in the city. By using data related to energy consumption and costs that apply to the local water utility for water and sewage treatment, and also the potential for potable water savings over the three sectors, it is possible to estimate the potential for energy savings by reducing potable water consumption and sewage treatment. Potable water savings were estimated by using data available in the literature about water end-uses for different types of buildings located in Florianópolis. Three options were considered: installing dual-flush toilets, reusing greywater and using rainwater. The average potential for potable water savings were 30.0%, 53.4% and 60.3%, respectively, for the residential, commercial and public sectors. Thus, the average potable water savings amount to about 10,153,835 m3/year, and the electricity savings amount to 4.4 GW h/year, which would be enough to supply 1217 houses or flats in Florianópolis, with an average energy consumption of 300 kW h/month. 相似文献