共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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液氯意外泄漏的应急监测 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
为了迅速地处理京沪高速“3.29”液氯泄漏污染事故,启动了应急监测措施。介绍了应急监测中确立的气、土、水、植物等环境介质作为监测对象,氯、氯化氢作为监测因子,并因事制宜地选择监测方法,为事故处理指挥部迅速而正确地处理事故提供了优质快速的技术支持。 相似文献
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环境监控中心建设实例分析——以金华市环境监控中心为例 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以金华市环境监控中心为例,介绍了环境监控中心的各子系统组成及其功能特点.展示了"环境质量自动监测与信息管理系统"软件功能界面,分析了环境监控中心建设对提升环境管理手段和水平、提高环境管理和执法工作效能、增强环境事故应急处理能力以及保障公众权益方面的作用和意义. 相似文献
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环境应急信息管理平台 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
环境应急信息管理平台是以信息化技术手段作为支撑的、面向环境应急事件的综合性的信息管理、事态预测、应急决策系统。系统以GIS为基础,可以快速地了解突发环境事件的发展状况,同时通过对环境背景数据库、空间信息数据库、环境应急专项数据库中的相关知识与数据进行综合分析,建立污染物扩散模型以及辅助决策模型,为决策者快速提供一个直观、科学、合理、优化的应急处置方案和指挥调度方案,并能够为事件后期评估、科学制定善后处理措施提供必要保障。 相似文献
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考虑到突发性水污染中有毒有机物的高频现率,选用苯酚为有毒有机物代表,通过模拟突发苯酚污染的情况,研究了臭氧-生物活性炭(O3-BAC)工艺对苯酚污染的应急处理效果,并且分析了工程中实际环境因素如空床接触时间(EBCT)、pH值对该应急能力的影响.研究表明,在突发性苯酚污染的应急处理中,0.6 mg/L的臭氧可将初始苯酚浓度5倍于达标浓度的进水处理至饮用水达标浓度,即低于0.002 mg/L,15.3 min的空床接触时间是判定其是否为该应急过程的关键因素的分界点,为了取得较好的应急效果,可适当提高进水pH值. 相似文献
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我国聚集性活动的频度和规模越来越大,活动中应急厕所的大量使用已成常态。然而,不免存在厕所基础设施不完善、粪污处理措施不合适而导致的不安全、不卫生、不环保等问题。因此,聚集性活动中应急厕所技术受到了越来越多的关注。应急厕所设施和粪污处理方式的选择,一方面与环境条件的限制有关,另一方面与使用者的需求发展有关。归纳了聚集性活动中厕所系统粪污处理流程,提出了聚集性活动中应急厕所粪污处理典型模式,以及现有模式的缺陷和未来的发展方向,以期为聚集性活动中的厕所技术和系统模式选择及技术研发方向提供参考。 相似文献
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论县级市环境应急监测的管理 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
环境污染突发事件的发生,其影响广,危害大,迫切需要该地的环境监测部门迅速反应,进行快速监测,并报出监测结果,为污染物的控制提供科学依据。因此对环境应急监测的管理就显得非常重要,不仅要对技术人员进行培训,还要准备仪器设备;不仅要准备应急监测预案,还要准备查询、应用工具,包括查询应用软件,只有进行充分的环境应急监测管理,才能有效地进行环境应急监测响应,为污染物应急控制决策、保护环境质量、保护人民的生命财产安全作出贡献。 相似文献
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Alfred Eisner Jacob Tadmor 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(4):400-401
A number of key projects in the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) particulate R&;D program having applicability to industry are presented. For electrostatic precipitators (ESP) there is presented the result of work on large diameter discharge electrodes which provide a decrease in penetration of up to a factor of 4 when compared to conventional small diameter electrodes. Also discussed is the multistage ESP which provides a collection efficiency that would require a collecting plate area 4 or 5 times larger with conventional ESP technology. The E-SOX technology makes use of the multistage concept to free up space in the ESP for SO2 removals of up to 90%. Electrostatically augmented fabric filtration provides a reduction in pressure drop of about 5 0% as compared to conventional fabric filtration. Wind tunnel modeling of windbreaks for material storage piles indicates a potential for providing engineering design data that would allow significant emission reduction caused by wind erosion 相似文献
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《国际环境与污染杂志》2011,10(2):304-314
This paper investigates some of the reflectivity characteristics that clouds (when modelled as solid bodies) must exhibit to be compatible with observations that the reflecting surface of a cloud (i) appears almost equally bright across its face, (ii) is brightest when the cloud is opposite to the Sun but decreases in brightness as the cloud moves to other positions and (iii) increases in brightness with increasing optical thickness of the cloud in the observer's line of sight. These observations, respectively, are shown to imply that the peak value of the bidirectional total reflectivity from a cloud surface (i) increases in inverse proportion to the cosine of the angle between the Sun and the normal to the cloud surface, as the incident angle increases, (ii) appears to be directed back in the direction of the incident radiation, and (iii) increases as optical thickness of the cloud in the observer's line of sight increases. The results could have application in many fields (e.g. modelling diffuse radiance distributions for cloudy skies). 相似文献
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在实施ISO/IEC17025:1999标准《检测和校准实验室能力的通用要求》过程中,通过实验室质量管理体系内部审核的实践与系统分析,识别出内部审核实施阶段的关键环节,提出召开首次会议、收集审核证据、确定审核发现和召开末次会议的技术方法,对提高内部审核的质量和有效性、获得可靠的审核结论具有重要意义。 相似文献
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Janusz A. Pudykiewicz Anna S. Koziol 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》1998,32(24):5541
The most common technique used for numerical simulations of tracer mixing is that of the numerical solution of the advection–diffusion equation with the unresolved fluxes parameterized using the similarity theory. Despite correct predictions of the overall directions of transport, models based on a numerical solution of the advection–diffusion equation lack sufficient accuracy to correctly reproduce the coupling of mixing with small scale processes which are sensitive to the microstructure of the tracer distribution. The objective of this paper is to revisit the basic formalism employed in numerical models used to investigate atmospheric tracers. The main mathematical method proposed here is the theory of kinematics of mixing which could be applied effectively for simulations of atmospheric transport processes. At the beginning of the paper, we introduce simple mathematical transformations in order to demonstrate how complex topological structures are created by mixing processes. These idealistic flow systems are essential to explain transport properties of much more complex three-dimensional geophysical flows. An example of the application of the kinematics of mixing to the analysis of tracer transport on a planetary scale is presented in the following sections. The complex filamentary structures simulated in the numerical experiment are evaluated using some commonly applied statistical measures in order to compare the results with the data published in the literature. The results of the experiment are also analysed with the help of simple conceptual models of fluid filaments. The microstructure of the tracer distribution introduced in the paper is essential to increase our understanding of atmospheric transport and to develop more realistic parameterizations of small-scale mixing. The presented results could also be used to improve calculations of the coupling between microphysical processes and tracer mixing. 相似文献
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Árpád Ambrus 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(3):435-442
Abstract A computer model was used to take random samples from primary sample populations obtained from field trials to simulate the uncertainty of sampling for residue analysis of plant commodities and soil. The results indicate about 40%, 30% and 20% relative uncertainty when random samples of size 5, 10 and 25 are taken respectively, from a single lot. Therefore the sample size should be the same for establishing and enforcing legal limits. 相似文献
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结合扬中生态环境的基本情况和存在的不足,进行了具体分析,对扬中未来生态建设的发展方向提出了建议及实施措施。 相似文献
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介绍了电解法生产次氯酸钠的原理 ,并在原有生产工艺的基础上进行了重新设计和对设备的重新选择、改造 ,得出了各个工艺参数的最佳值 ,生产出高品质的次氯酸钠 相似文献
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Morten E. Simonsen Martin B. S?rensen Erik G. S?gaard 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2012,19(9):3772-3781
Objective
This work aims to investigate the correlation between the photocatalytic activity determined by methylene blue bleaching (DIN 52980), stearic acid degradation, and degradation of acetone in gas phase.Method
The photocatalytic TiO2 coatings included in this investigation ranged from thin commercially available coatings (ActivTM and BioCleanTM) and ready to use suspensions (Nano-X PK1245) to lab-produced PVD and sol?Cgel coatings. XRD analysis of the photocatalytic coatings showed that all the coatings consisted of nanocrystalline anatase, although the thickness and porosity varied considerably.Results
The study showed that the reproducibility of the activity measurements was good. However, more importantly, the investigation showed that there is a good correlation between the activities determined by the different methods even though the characteristics of the photocatalytic coatings and the organic probe molecules varied considerably.Conclusion
The overall findings of this work suggest that there is a good correlation between the investigated methods. These results are promising for the future work concerning standardization of methods for determination of the activity of photocatalytic films. 相似文献20.
India has a very extensive coastline of about 7515 km, rich in diverse living resources. These resources continue to deteriorate with rampant harvesting or are altered for other uses such as aquaculture and fisheries. The present paper deals with degrading coastal habitats in northeastern India, and projects the intensity of the stress arising from the collection of tiger prawn seeds (Penaeus monodon) for aquacultural farms and molluskan shells for poultry feed and edible lime. Indiscriminate exploitation of these resources leads to a heavy reduction of the species concerned and other associated marine communities. The magnitude of such destruction has been quantified. The impacts of biodiversity loss and their after-effects on the ecobalance of this coastal system have become a matter of great concern to ecologists to maintain security and sustainability. The authors propose a public awareness program on themes relating to the importance of biodiversity for human livelihoods. 相似文献