NaClO2/NaClO复合吸收液同时脱硫脱硝

针对NaClO2氧化吸收法脱硫脱硝成本过高,难以实现工业化的现状,提出了以NaClO2/NaClO为复合吸收剂的同时脱硫脱硝新方法,比单独NaClO2方法效率高,成本低。考虑实际工况条件,给定SO2与NO的初始浓度分别为2 850 mg/m3和670 mg/m3。结果表明,吸收液初始pH为6.0,液气比L/G为20 L/m3,反应温度为55℃时,平均脱硫脱硝效率分别可达99.8%和94.0%。在此基础上对反应机理进行了分析,总结出实验反应主反应方程式。该方法设备简约,操作简单,容易实现全自动控制,综合成本可以接受,比较适合中小型燃煤锅炉的烟气污染治理。     

NaClO3电解液对工业废气中NOx的去除

为研究NaClO3电解液用于工业废气脱硝的可行性,采用实验室自制的小型喷淋反应器,对NaClO3电解液的脱硝性能进行了探究,考察了有效氯浓度、pH、温度及NO体积分数对脱硝性能的影响,并探讨了在不同运行条件下,NaClO3电解液的脱硝性能及NaClO3和有效氯的浓度变化.结果表明:提高电解液中有效氯浓度、降低pH及NO...     

K2Cr2O7溶液同时脱硫脱硝实验研究

采用K2Cr2O7溶液作为吸收液,在自制的鼓泡反应器内,对模拟烟气进行同时脱硫脱硝的实验研究,考察多种因素对SO2脱除率(即脱硫率)和NO脱除率(即脱硝率)的影响。实验结果表明:K2Cr2O7浓度、反应温度、NO浓度、SO2浓度、烟气流量对脱硫率、脱硝率影响显著;当烟气流量为0.4L/min,气相中O2体积分数为6%,SO2体积分数为0.09%,NO体积分数为0.100%,K2Cr2O7摩尔浓度为10mmol/L,反应温度为40℃时,脱硫率、脱硝率分别达到100%和64.3%。     

H2O2溶液同时脱硫脱硝实验研究

二氧化硫和氮氧化物是电厂产生的主要大气污染物,研究焦点越来越集中在在一个反应器内实现同时脱硫脱硝。实验以H2O溶液作为吸收液,在自制的鼓泡反应器内,对模拟烟气进行同时脱硫脱硝的实验研究,实验结果表明：H2O浓度、反应温度、NO浓度、SO2浓度、烟气流量对脱除率影响显著,pH、氧含量对脱硝率影响不大。在整个实验范围内脱硫效率总是保持在98．5％以上,脱硝效率最高达到67．4％。     

O3氧化结合化学吸收同时脱硫脱硝的动力学及热力学研究

构建了O3氧化多种污染物的反应机制,并对O3氧化SOx、NOx过程进行动力学模拟,然后利用热力学原理计算出Ca(OH)2和CaCO3湿法烟气同时脱硫脱硝吸收反应达到平衡时SOx和NOx的分压力.结果表明,Ca(OH)2作吸收剂湿法烟气同时脱硫脱硝比CaCO3作吸收剂效果好,而且两者几乎100％地去除烟气中的SOx和NO...     

钒硅催化脱硫脱硝的研究

考察了经10% H2-90% Ar(体积分数)还原的钒硅催化剂在固定床石英玻璃反应器中的脱硫脱硝活性,研究了反应温度、SO2/NO摩尔比及O2浓度对SO2和NO脱除率的影响.结果表明,还原后的钒硅催化剂的平均NO脱除率提高了15%左右;反应温度对脱硫脱硝影响较大,当温度为400℃以上时SO2和NO脱除率基本保持稳定;SO2/NO摩尔比为2和5时,钒硅催化剂的NO脱除率较高;模拟烟气中有O2条件下的脱硫脱硝活性明显高于无O2条件,O2体积分数为6.00%时SO2和NO脱除率达到最大.     

H2O2溶液同时脱硫脱硝实验研究

二氧化硫和氮氧化物是电厂产生的主要大气污染物,研究焦点越来越集中在在一个反应器内实现同时脱硫脱硝。实验以H₂O₂溶液作为吸收液,在自制的鼓泡反应器内,对模拟烟气进行同时脱硫脱硝的实验研究,实验结果表明：H₂O₂浓度、反应温度、NO浓度、SO₂浓度、烟气流量对脱除率影响显著,pH、氧含量对脱硝率影响不大。在整个实验范围内脱硫效率总是保持在98.5%以上,脱硝效率最高达到67.4%。     

活性炭法烟气脱硫脱硝试验研究

将活性炭法烟气脱硫脱硝工艺和循环流化床技术相结合,在自行设计的试验台上进行烟气同时脱硫脱硝试验。结果表明,活性炭给料量及烟气流量对脱硫脱硝效果的影响较小;在烟气排放温度范围(100～200℃)内,升高温度对脱硝有促进作用,对脱硫有抑制作用;水蒸气对脱硫效果的影响大于脱硝,其最佳工作区域为10%～12%(质量分数);SO2浓度的增加会降低脱硫脱硝效果,而NO浓度的增加对脱硫有促进作用,对脱硝影响不大;当NH3∶NO摩尔比达到1∶1时,可得到最佳脱硝效果,此时工艺的脱硫率>70%,脱硝率>40%。     

聚丙烯腈基活性碳纤维用于烟气脱硫脱硝

应用聚丙烯腈基活性碳纤维(PAN-ACF)对模拟的工业烟气中的SO2和NO在烟气露点温度以上进行吸附脱除实验。通过改变固定床ACF装载量、反应温度、水蒸气体积分数和O2体积分数,研究了ACF脱硫效率和脱硝效率的变化规律,还研究了同时脱硫脱硝时入口SO2或NO浓度对脱除效率的影响。结果表明:PAN-ACF具有良好的脱硫性能和一定的脱硝能力,其脱硫效率和脱硝效率随着ACF装载量和O2体积分数的增大而升高,随着温度的升高而降低,随着水蒸气体积分数的增大先升高后降低;在同时脱硫脱硝时,SO2对ACF的脱硝反应有明显的抑制作用,而NO对ACF的脱硫反应影响不大。     

改进氨吸收法同时脱硫脱硝试验研究

以氨水和尿素作为混合吸收剂,同时以三乙醇胺作为添加剂,进行了模拟工业锅炉烟气同时脱硫脱硝试验。考察了SO2和NO的初始浓度、尿素和三乙醇胺的质量分数、氨水体积分数、烟气流量、液气比和反应温度对脱硫脱硝效果的影响。结果表明,当NO初始质量浓度为1 000mg/m3,SO2初始质量浓度为1 780mg/m3,尿素质量分数为0.3%,氨水体积分数为0.3%,三乙醇胺质量分数为0.02%,烟气流量为20m3/h,液气比为20L/m3,温度为20℃时,脱硫率为97%,脱硝率为58.7%。该方法可以达到同时脱硫脱硝的目的。     

次氯酸钠发生器的研制

介绍了电解法生产次氯酸钠的原理 ,并在原有生产工艺的基础上进行了重新设计和对设备的重新选择、改造 ,得出了各个工艺参数的最佳值 ,生产出高品质的次氯酸钠     

磁强化次氯酸钠氧化法处理邻硝基苯酚废水的实验研究

利用磁强化次氯酸钠氧化法对邻硝基苯酚废水进行了处理实验研究。结果表明,对于质量浓度为250mg／L、CODCr为2000mg／L、色度为150倍的100mL邻硝基苯酚废水,当次氯酸钠（2．5％）用量8mL、颗粒活性炭用量200mg、溶液pH为6．0、反应时间5min时,邻硝基苯酚的去除率达94．4％,CODCr的去除率达94．2％,色度的去除率达100％。采用外加磁场,当磁场强度为60mT时,邻硝基苯酚和CODCr达到相同的去除率,反应时间缩短了3min,显著提高了反应效率。同时对磁强化氧化法的机理进行了理论上的分析。     

超声与次氯酸钠耦合预处理剩余污泥的中温厌氧消化效果

以某城市污水处理厂剩余污泥为对象,通过实验研究了超声与次氯酸钠预处理对污泥的溶胞效果,以及对后续厌氧消化的影响。结果表明,超声与次氯酸钠耦合作用最优操作条件为超声声能密度1.0 W/mL,作用时间50 min。在此条件下,次氯酸钠投加量为4.023 mg/g SS时,对污泥厌氧消化改善效果最明显,剩余污泥产气率及甲烷含量较对照组分别提高了69.73%和10%。同时污泥VSS去除率由11.11%提高到21.24%,在一定程度上实现了污泥减量。     

NaClO_2/H_2O_2复合吸收剂同时脱硫脱硝实验研究

在喷淋塔中,对NaClO_2/H_2O_2复合吸收剂(简称复合吸收剂)同时去除烟气中的SO_2和NO进行了研究。考察了复合吸收剂摩尔浓度(H_2O_2与NaClO_2摩尔浓度之和)、H_2O_2和NaClO_2的摩尔比、pH、温度和液气比对SO_2和NO去除率的影响。结果表明:保持H_2O_2和NaClO_2的摩尔比为6,当复合吸收剂摩尔浓度小于7mmol/L时,SO_2和NO去除率随着复合吸收剂浓度的升高而增加,当复合吸收剂摩尔浓度大于7 mmol/L时,SO_2和NO去除率基本不再变化;保持复合吸收剂摩尔浓度为7 mmol/L,当H_2O_2和NaClO_2的摩尔比在6以下时,摩尔比越大,SO_2和NO的去除率越高,超过6以后,去除率不再增加;复合吸收剂的氧化性能在pH为5.5时最大;当温度在60℃以下时,随着温度的升高,NO的去除率增加,但当温度超过60℃后,NO的去除率反而降低。综合考虑成本和处理效果,最优化条件为H_2O_2和NaClO_2的摩尔比为6,复合吸收剂摩尔浓度为7 mmol/L,pH为6.0,温度为60℃,液气比为20.0L/m3。在最佳条件下,SO_2和NO去除率分别达到99.5%、84.3%。     

Analysis of degradation and pathways of three common antihistamine drugs by NaClO,UV, and UV-NaClO methods

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Antihistamines (ANTs) are medicines to treat allergic diseases. They have been frequently detected in the natural water environment, posing potential...     

Formation of chlorinated species through reaction of SO2 with NaClO2 powder and their role in the oxidation of NO and Hg0

This study examines gaseous chlorinated species generated from the reaction of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) with sodium chlorite powder (NaClO_2(s)) to obtain insight into the propensity of this process to enhance NO and Hg⁰ oxidation. A packed bed reactor containing NaClO_2(s) was used and the reaction temperature was set to 130 °C. Initially, we determined that the presence of SO₂ enhances the oxidation of NO and Hg⁰ by reaction with NaClO_2(s). We then introduced NO₂ into the gas mixture as a radical scavenger and determined that the chlorinated species generated by the reaction of SO₂ with NaClO_2(s) are OClO, Cl, ClO, and Cl₂. Based on these results, we suggest that such gaseous chlorinated ones are responsible for the enhancement of NO and Hg⁰ oxidation.     

Simultaneous removal of NOx,SO2, and Hg from flue gas in FGD absorber with oxidant injection (NaClO2)– full-scale investigation

ABSTRACT

This article presents the results of an industrial-scale study (on 400 MW_e lignite fired unit) of simultaneous NO_x, SO₂, and Hg^T removal in FGD absorber with oxidant injection (NaClO₂) into flue gas. It was confirmed that the injection of sodium chlorite upstream the FGD (Flue Gas Desulfurization) absorber oxidize NO to NO₂, Hg⁰ to Hg²⁺, and enhancing NO_x and Hg^T removal efficiency from exhaust gas in FGD absorber. Mercury removal efficiency grows with the rise of degree of oxidation NO to NO₂ and was limited by the phenomenon of re-emission. For NO_x removal the most critical parameters is slurry pH and temperature. There was no negative effect on sulfur dioxide removal efficiency caused by oxidant injection in tested FGD absorber. Based on the data provided, NO_x and Hg^T emissions can be reduced by adjusting the FGD absorber operating parameters combined with oxidant injection.     

Quick vaporization of sprayed sodium hypochlorite (NaClO(aq)) for simultaneous removal of nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and mercury (Hg0)

Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) has been widely used as a chemical additive for enhancing nitrogen oxide (NO_x; NO + NO₂), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), and mercury (Hg⁰) removals in a wet scrubber. However, they are each uniquely dependent on NaClO_(aq) pH, hence making the simultaneous control difficult. In order to overcome this weakness, we sprayed low liquid-to-gas (L/G) ratio (0.1 L/Nm³) of NaClO_(aq) to vaporize quickly at 165 °C. Results have shown that the maximized NO_x, SO₂, and Hg⁰ removals can be achieved at the pH range between 4.0 and 6.0. When NO_x and Hg⁰ coexist with SO₂, in addition, their removals are significantly enhanced by reactions with solid and gaseous by-products such as NaClO_(s), NaClO_2(s), OClO, ClO, and Cl species, originated from the reaction between SO₂ and NaClO_(aq). We have also demonstrated the feasibility of this approach in the real flue gases of a combustion plant and observed 50%, 80%, and 60% of NO_x, SO₂, and Hg⁰ removals, respectively. These findings led us to conclude that the spray of NaClO_(aq) at a relatively high temperature at which the sprayed solution can vaporize quickly makes the simultaneous control of NO_x, SO₂, and Hg⁰ possible.

Implications: The simple spray of NaClO_(aq) at temperatures above 165 °C can cause the simultaneous removal of gaseous NO_x, SO₂, and Hg⁰ by its quick vaporization. Their maximized removals are achieved at the pH range between 4.0 and 6.0. NO_x and Hg⁰ removals are also enhanced by gaseous and solid intermediate products generated from the reaction of SO₂ with NaClO_(aq). The feasibility of this approach has been demonstrated in the real flue gases of a combustion plant.