共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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设计了以溶液初始pH值、3,3’,4,4’-四氯联苯(PCB77)初始浓度、纳米零价铁(Fe0)投加量、纳米零价硅(Si0)投加量、腐殖酸和环糊精浓度为影响因素的正交试验,研究纳米Fe0降解PCB77时各因素对反应体系中PCB77残留率、氢离子浓度及氧化还原电位变化的影响及其相互关系。结果表明,在溶液初始pH值为4.5,初始ρ(PCB77)为1 mg.L-1,纳米Fe0投加量为10 g.L-1,纳米Si0投加量为0,ρ(腐殖酸)为0.25 g.L-1,ρ(环糊精)为1 g.L-1时,反应2 h后,PCB77残留率最低,为35.2%。溶液初始pH值对反应体系中PCB77的残留率影响最大,纳米Fe0投加量次之;溶液初始pH值对反应体系中氢离子浓度变化影响最大,环糊精投加量次之;PCB77初始浓度对反应体系中氧化还原电位变化影响最大,纳米Fe0投加量次之。 相似文献
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硝基苯厌氧降解过程中Fe0的促进作用 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
尝试在硝基苯生物厌氧降解过程中,添加零价铁实现电子催化与生物代谢的协同作用,结果发现零价铁能够促进硝基苯的厌氧转化并主要生成苯胺,初始浓度为240.00mg·l-1的硝基苯废水,当厌氧微生物浓度为5000.00mg·l-1左右时,在2L的试验液中,当零价铁投加量由0.50g增加到5.00g时,硝基苯的转化率和苯胺的产生量急剧增加;零价铁的投加量为5.00g时与不加零价铁相比,硝基苯的转化率提高了2.43倍,苯胺的生成量提高了2.12倍;通过设计Fe0,Fe2 ,Fe3 及Fe3O4的对比实验,证明零价铁的作用主要表现为其腐蚀形成Fe2 的过程为硝基苯的厌氧生物转化提供了电子以及该过程中生成的Fe2 和Fe3 的生物营养作用. 相似文献
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进行了Fe(0)和H2O2协同催化降解亚甲基蓝的研究,分析了Fe(0)投加量、H2O2投加量、溶液初始pH值和染料初始质量浓度等因素的影响。研究表明:Fe(0)和H2O2协同可有效催化降解亚甲基蓝;在pH为4.5,Fe(0)用量为2.0 g.L-1,H2O2用量为3.0 mmol.L-1时对10 mg.L-1亚甲基蓝的去除率在60 min内达到90%以上。MB的降解去除率随着Fe(0)投加量与H2O2用量的增加而增加,但随着其初始质量浓度的增大而降低。研究结果还表明,Fe(0)和H2O2可在接近中性条件下有效协同催化降解亚甲基蓝。UV-Vis光谱在反应过程的变化说明亚甲基蓝降解生成了一些小分子物质。 相似文献
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零价铁协同超声波降解2,3,4,6-四氯酚的特性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了2,3,4,6-四氯酚(TeCP)在超声波/零价铁协同体系中的降解,结果表明,拟一级动力学能很好的拟合降解过程,协同体系中TeCP一级降解速率常数为0.0141min~(-1),为同等条件下零价铁体系降解速率常数的10.07倍,且大于两者之和,说明两者之间存在明显协同效应;零价铁(Fe~0)投加量、初始pH值、初始TeCP浓度(C_0)、超声功率和溶液离子强度等控制参数对TeCP降解速率的影响表明,其拟一级速率常数在Fe~0量为2g·l~(-1),初始pH值为6.0,离子强度0.8mol·l~(-1)Na_2SO_4以及超声功率350W时达最大值,并随着C_0的升高而降低. 相似文献
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两种土壤中对硝基氯苯被Fe~0还原的对比研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用零价铁(Fe~0)还原技术修复受对氯硝基苯(p-CNB)污染的土壤,研究常温常压下松砂土和中壤土两种不同土壤的理化性质对还原反应的影响.结果表明:Fe0能有效还原松砂土和中壤土中的p-CNB,生成对应的苯胺化合物,降低毒性;当土壤中p-CNB的含量约为2.5×10~(-6)mol·g~(-1),Fe~0用量为25 mg·g~(-1),反应体系中水分含量为0.75 mL·g~(-1)时,于25℃反应2 h后,松砂土和中壤土中p-CNB的还原率均超过93%;还原反应在中壤土中进行得较快.污染物在土壤中的老化时间对Fe~0还原降解效果影响很小,而土壤粒径、土壤是否灭菌以及土壤有机质含量等因素则对还原有较明显影响;还原降解反应在没有灭菌、有机质含量较高且粒径偏小的壤土中进行得最彻底. 相似文献
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南开菊酯(高效反体氯氰菊酯),是一种新型广谱杀虫剂,经研究可被微生物降解。其溶液中细菌总数的消长,与其降解速率呈正相关关系,说明南开菊酯可被微生物分解利用,在研究土壤混合菌对其降解作用的同时,发现筛选出优势菌株(NK102)。 相似文献
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Bangmi Xie Jiane Zuo Lili Gan Fenglin Liu Kaijun Wang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2014,8(3):463-470
Self-made cation exchange resin supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (R-nZVI) was used to remove phosphorus in rainwater runoff. 80% of phosphorus in rainwater runoff from grassland was removed with an initial concentration of 0.72 mg. L-1 phosphorus when the dosage of R-nZVl is 8 g per liter rainwater, while only 26% of phosphorus was removed when using cation exchange resin without supported nanoscale zero-valent iron under the same condition. The adsorption capacity of R-nZVI increased up to 185 times of that of the cation exchange resin at a saturated equilibrium phosphorous concentration of 0.42 mg. L-1. Various techniques were implemented to characterize the R-nZVI and explore the mechanism of its removal of phosphate. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that new crystal had been formed on the surface of R-nZVI. The result from inductive coupled plasma (ICP) indicated that 2.1% of nZVI was loaded on the support material. The specific surface area was increased after the load of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI), according to the measurement of BET-N2 method. The result of specific surface area analysis also proved that phosphorus was removed mainly through chemical adsorption process. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis showed that the new product obtained from chemical reaction between phosphate and iron was ferrous phosphate. 相似文献
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零价铁还原和过硫酸盐氧化联合降解水中硝基苯 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
将零价铁(Fe0)的还原和过硫酸盐(persulfate,PS)的高级氧化技术结合用于水中难降解有机污染物硝基苯的去除.研究结果表明,Fe0在常温常压下可将硝基苯还原生成苯胺,随着Fe0投加量的增加,硝基苯还原为苯胺的速率逐渐增大.PS本身对硝基苯氧化作用不明显,但在Fe0与PS二者联合体系中,硝基苯和苯胺同时被去除,而且随着PS投加量的增加二者被去除的速度也随之增加.在Fe0还原和PS氧化联合处理硝基苯的体系中可能存在两个过程,一是Fe0还原硝基苯产生苯胺和二价铁离子Fe2+,二是Fe2+催化PS产生强氧化性的硫酸根自由基将苯胺氧化降解. 相似文献
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Rong Cheng Jianlong Wang Weixian Zhang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2008,2(1):103-108
Chlorophenols (CPs), as important contaminants in groundwater, are toxic and difficult to biodegrade. Recently nanoscale zero-valent iron received a great deal of attention because of its excellent performance in treating recalcitrant compounds. In this study, nanoscale zero-valent iron particles were prepared using chemical reduction, and the reductive transformations of three kinds of chlorinated phenols (2-CP, 3-CP, and 4-CP) by nanoscale zero-valent iron under different conditions were investigated. The transformation process of the CPs was shown to be dechlorination first, then cleavage of the benzene ring. The removal efficiency of the CPs varied as follows: 2-CP > 3-CP > 4-CP. The reactivity of CPs was associated with their energy of lowest unoccupied molecular orbit (E LUMO). With the increase in initial concentrations of CPs, removal efficiency decreased a little. But the quantities of CPs reduced increased evidently. Temperature had influence on not only the removal efficiency, but also the transformation pathway. At higher temperatures, dechlorination occurred prior to benzene ring cleavage. At lower temperatures, however, the oxidation product was formed more easily. 相似文献
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Yanlai HAN Michael D. Y. YANG Weixian ZHANG Weile YAN 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2015,9(5):813
Nanoscale iron particles (nZVI) is one of the most important engineered nanomaterials applied to environmental pollution control and abatement. Although a multitude of synthesis approaches have been proposed, a facile method to screen the reactivity of candidate nZVI materials produced using different methods or under varying synthesis conditions has yet been established. In this study, four reaction parameters were adjusted in the preparation of borohydride-reduced nZVI. The reductive properties of the resultant nanoparticles were assayed independently using two model aqueous contaminants, Cu(II) and nitrate. The results confirm that the reductive reactivity of nZVI is most sensitive to the initial concentration of iron precursor, borohydride feed rate, and the loading ratio of borohydride to ferric ion during particle synthesis. Solution mixing speed, in contrast, carries a relative small weight on the reactivity of nZVI. The two probing reactions (i.e., Cu(II) and nitrate reduction) are able to generate consistent and quantitative inference about the mass-normalized surface activity of nZVI. However, the nitrate assay is valid in dilute aqueous solutions only (50 mg·L−1 or lower) due to accelerated deactivation of iron surface at elevated nitrate concentrations. Additional insights including the structural and chemical makeup of nZVI can be garnered from Cu(II) reduction assessments. The reactivity assays investigated in this study can facilitate screening of candidate materials or optimization of nZVI production parameters, which complement some of the more sophisticated but less chemically specific material characterization methods used in the nZVI research. 相似文献
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Rong Cheng Yingying Zhang Tao Zhang Feng Hou Xiaoxin Cao Lei Shi Peiwen Jiang Xiang Zheng Jianlong Wang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(8):108
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膨润土负载纳米铁用于降解水体中阿莫西林 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用液相还原法合成膨润土负载纳米铁(B-nZVI)和纳米铁(nZVI)并用于降解水中的阿莫西林.实验结果表明,无论是单独nZVI还是B-nZVI都能有效降解阿莫西林.在25 mL浓度为20 mg.L-1的阿莫西林溶液中加入0.1 g的B-nZVI(其中nZVI的含量为0.05 g),溶液的初始pH值为6.65,摇床的振荡速率为250 r.min-1,反应温度为25℃,反应时间为120 min的条件下,B-nZVI对阿莫西林的降解效率高达93.1%,在此实验条件下,单独nZVI(0.05 g)对阿莫西林的降解效率只有82.3%,这是由于膨润土对nZVI起到分散作用,从而使B-nZVI的反应活性得到提高.降解动力学研究表明,B-nZVI对阿莫西林的降解过程符合表观一级反应动力学规律,相关系数R2均大于0.945.B-nZVI可多次重复用于降解阿莫西林. 相似文献
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4A zeolite supported nanoparticulate zero-valent iron (nZVI/4A zeolite), synthesized through borohydride reduction method, was used as a catalyst with H2O2 to build Fenton-like reaction system to degrade methylene blue (MB) in model wastewater. The characteristics and primary mechanisms of the catalyst were investigated. The results show that nZVI/4A zeolite has the potential as a Fenton-like catalyst, and (about 30 mg/L) MB was degraded completely in 3 h with 10 mM H2O2, 0.2 g/L catalyst, and initial pH of 3.0. The MB degradation rates were obtained at least 70% in the tests with initial pH ranged from 2.0 to 9.0 and the catalyst dose rose from 0.2 to 5.0 g/L. Importantly, the catalyst also has a distinctive ability to increase the solution pH value from its initial acidic pH and then maintain the value at close to neutrality. This ability was controlled by both the initial pH and the catalyst dose. MB degradation clarified that hydroxyl radical was the dominated active oxidative specie in the tests with initial acidic pH and low catalyst dose (less 2.5 g/L); otherwise, Fe(VI) oxidation was the main mechanism for MB degradation; and the two processes shared synergistic effect in MB degradation in the present test. The catalyst has high operational stability in both of the composites with low iron leaching (less 2%) and catalyzing ability. Therefore, nZVI/4A zeolite has great potential as a Fenton-like catalyst and is used with H2O2 to build Fenton-like system which could be used to degrade MB efficiently. 相似文献
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Rongbing FU Na MU Xiaopin GUO Zhen XU Dongsu BI 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2015,9(5):867
Nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) synthesized using sepiolite as a supporter was used to investigate the removal kinetics and mechanisms of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209). BDE-209 was rapidly removed by the prepared sepiolite-supported nZVI with a reaction rate that was 5 times greater than that of the conventionally prepared nZVI because of its high surface area and reactivity. The degradation of BDE-209 occurred in a stepwise debromination manner, which followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. The removal efficiency of BDE-209 increased with increasing dosage of sepiolite-supported nZVI particles and decreasing pH, and the efficiency decreased with increasing initial BDE-209 concentrations. The presence of tetrahydrofuran (THF) as a cosolvent at certain volume fractions in water influenced the degradation rate of sepiolite-supported nZVI. Debromination pathways of BDE-209 with sepiolite-supported nZVI were proposed based on the identified reaction intermediates, which ranged from nona- to mono-brominated diphenylethers (BDEs) under acidic conditions and nona- to penta-BDEs under alkaline conditions. Adsorption on sepiolite-supported nZVI particles also played a role in the removal of BDE-209. Our findings indicate that the particles have potential applications in removing environmental pollutants, such as halogenated organic contaminants. 相似文献