共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 406 毫秒
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采用水热合成-浸渍法制备锌掺杂TiO2纳米管(Zn-TiO2纳米管),透射电镜照片显示Zn-TiO2纳米管为两端开口形貌均一的中空管状结构,管径约6~8 nm,壁厚约1 nm,长度约50~200 nm。研究了Zn-TiO2纳米管对甲基橙的光催化性能,结果表明:掺杂适量锌提高了TiO2纳米管对甲基橙的光催化降解性能,0.4%Zn-TiO2纳米管的光催化性能最佳。同时还探讨了Zn-TiO2纳米管用量和初始pH值等因素对光催化降解甲基橙的影响,结果显示Zn-TiO2纳米管能有效地降解甲基橙。随着光催化反应进行,CODCr去除率和脱色率变化规律不完全相同,可能是由于芳基和烷基降解速率不同所致。 相似文献
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以P掺杂的TiO2纳米颗粒为前驱体,采用水热合成法制备了系列P掺杂的TiO2纳米管.用N2吸附-脱附、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、激光拉曼光谱(Raman)、紫外可见漫反射(UV-Vis DRS)等方法对光催化材料的表面形貌、颗粒尺寸、孔结构、表面构造、吸光性能进行了分析.研究结果表明,所制备的各样品均为两端开口的纳米管形貌,管长为几十纳米到几百纳米,管外径约10 nm,内径约4 nm,管壁为多层;P掺杂后的系列TiO2纳米管仍保持锐钛矿晶型;掺杂的P可以进入到TiO2的骨架中,并形成P—O—Ti键,在TiO2禁带内引入杂质能级,降低了禁带能量,提高了TiO2的吸光性能及光生电子和空穴的分离性能.光催化甘油水溶液制氢活性评价表明,P掺杂的TiO2纳米管表现出了远高于纯TiO2管以及相同掺杂量的纳米颗粒的光催化制氢性能,2%P掺杂的样品在紫外灯和氙灯辐射下,其最高产氢速率可分别达1850μmol·(h·g)-1和335μmol·(h·g)-1.P掺杂TiO2样品光催化活性的提高与其禁带能量降低以及光生电子和空穴的分离性能增加有关. 相似文献
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采用溶胶凝胶烧结工艺在玻璃表面制备铅离子多层掺杂的光催化复合TiO2薄膜,用XRD技术表征了该薄膜的晶型,并用电化学方法测定了该薄膜电极的伏安特性及交流阻抗性能.以光催化降解甲基橙溶液为模型反应,采用两种不同方式制备的铅离子多层掺杂TiO2薄膜具有很好的光催化活性,最佳掺杂浓度均为0.5%(Pb/Ti原子百分比),PbD0.5掺铅薄膜的最佳光催化降解甲基橙表观速率常数约是纯TiO2的2.52倍.铅离子掺杂TiO2薄膜表现出近表面处捕获光生电子或空穴,随后被捕获的电子或空穴迁移到TiO2薄膜表向参与光催化反应。 相似文献
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以绢云母为载体,采用水解-沉淀法制备出了绢云母负载纳米TiO2粉体(TiO2/M),以尿素为氮源,采用后掺杂法制得具有可见光响应的N掺杂TiO2/M.采用XRD,XPS,SEM,DUV等手段对样品进行了性能表征;并以日光色镝灯为光源,甲基橙为模拟污染物检测其光催化活性.研究了N的掺杂对粉体中TiO2晶相结构,粒度和光催化性能的影响.结果表明,绢云母与TiO2通过桥氧相连形成包覆层,N的掺杂抑制了TiO2晶粒的长大,减缓锐钛矿向金红石相的转变,同时N的掺杂形成Ti—O—N键,形成新的能级结构,使样品对光的吸收边红移至440—550 nm,具有明显的可见光响应,对甲基橙的光催化降解率与没有掺N的样品相比,最高可达1.6倍. 相似文献
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常温下以TIO2为载体,使用沉积-沉淀法合成了具有不同AgI负载量的AgI/TiO2合光催化剂,并研究了焙烧处理对AgI/TiO2在可见光下(λ>420nm)催化降解甲基橙(MO)的影响.结果表明,焙烧处理有效提高了AgI/TiO2的光催化性能,当焙烧温度高于200℃时,AgI/TiO2的光催化活性接近并达到最大值.当负载的AgI与TiO2的物质的量之比为0.15时,AgI%TiO2光催化降解MO的效率最高.XRD和UV-Vis测试表明焙烧处理提高了光敏组分AgI混晶中的γ相含量,拓宽了AgI/TiO2在可见光区的吸收范围,提高了光催化活性. 相似文献
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掺Fe^3+A-TiO2粉末的水热法制备及其光催化降解甲基橙 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以硫酸钛为原料用水热法制备了掺Fe^3+TiO2粉末,用SEM和XRD测定了样品的形貌和晶型,研究了以自制的掺Fe^3+A-TiO2对甲基橙溶液的光催化降解作用。结果表明:所制备的TiO2为锐钛矿型TiO2即A-TiO2。365nm紫外光照射下,用自制的掺Fe^3+A-TiO2降解甲基橙溶液的最佳条件是:10mg·L^-1的甲基橙溶液中加入0.050g掺5%Fe^3+(物质的量比)A-TiO2粉末,用HNO3调节溶液成酸性后,18℃恒温反应4h,降解率达到57.8%。 相似文献
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采用溶胶-凝胶法,将经过油酸铵改性的掺钒二氧化钛粉末投入到纯TiO2溶胶中,烘干、煅烧,制得带有n-n异质结半导体结构的复合型高活性掺钒二氧化钛光催化剂,并通过XRD、TEM、XPS等技术对样品进行了表征。通过对甲基橙溶液的光催化降解实验来考察TiO2/V-TiO2催化剂的光催化活性。结果表明:TiO2/V-TiO2复合催化剂拥有比纯TiO2更高的光催化活性。其中,V的掺杂摩尔分数为0.5%、TiO2:V-TiO2的质量比为10∶1的最佳复合催化剂,其光催化活性是纯TiO2的5.1倍。 相似文献
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Rongfang YUAN Beihai ZHOU Duo HUA Chunhong SHI 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2015,9(5):850
The effect of ion-doping on TiO2 nanotubes were investigated to obtain the optimal TiO2 nanotubes for the effective decomposition of humic acids (HA) through O3/UV/ion-doped TiO2 process. The experimental results show that changing the calcination temperature, which changed the weight fractions of the anatase phase, the average crystallite sizes, the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area, and the energy band gap of the catalyst, affected the photocatalytic activity of the catalyst. The ionic radius, valence state, and configuration of the dopant also affected the photocatalytic activity. The photocatalytic activities of the catalysts on HA removal increased when Ag+, Al3+, Cu2+, Fe3+, V5+, and Zn2+ were doped into the TiO2 nanotubes, whereas such activities decreased as a result of Mn2+- and Ni2+-doping. In the presence of 1.0 at.% Fe3+-doped TiO2 nanotubes calcined at 550°C, the removal efficiency of HA was 80% with a pseudo-first-order rate constant of 0.158 min−1. Fe3+ in TiO2 could increase the generation of ·OH, which could remove HA. However, Fe3+ in water cannot function as a shallow trapping site for electrons or holes. 相似文献
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Huilong Wang Shuqin Liu Hui Wang Wenfeng Jiang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2010,4(3):311-320
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/TiO2 composite photocatalysts with high photoactivity were prepared by sol-gel process and further characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and UV-vis absorption spectra. Compared to pure TiO2, the combination of MWCNTs with titania could cause a significant absorption shift toward the visible region. The photocatalytic performances of the MWCNTs/TiO2 composite catalysts were evaluated for the decomposition of Reactive light yellow K-6G (K-6G) and Mordant black 7 (MB 7) azo dyes solution under solar light irradiation. The results showed that the addition of MWCNTs enhanced the adsorption and photocatalytic activity of TiO2 for the degradation of azo dyes K-6G and MB 7. The effect of MWCNTs content, catalyst dosage, pH, and initial dye concentration were examined as operational parameters. The kinetics of photocatalytic degradation of two dyes was found to follow a pseudo-first-order rate law. The photocatalyst was used for seven cycles with photocatalytic degradation efficiency still higher than 98%. A plausible mechanism is also proposed and discussed on the basis of experimental results. 相似文献
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Nanosized ZnO rods were synthesized using a microwave-assisted aqueous method. High molecular weight polyvinyl alcohol was used as a stabilizing agent. Size, surface morphology, and structure were investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). SEM and TEM images show that ZnO nanorods have diameters of about 50?nm and lengths of a few micrometers. The XRD pattern reveals that ZnO nanorods are of hexagonal wurtzite structure. The average crystallite size calculated from Scherrer's relation was found to be 40?nm. The effects of catalyst loading, pH value, and initial concentration of methyl orange on the photocatalytic degradation efficiency using ZnO nanorods as photocatalyst were discussed. The results revealed that ZnO nanorods with a diameter of 50?nm showed the highest photocatalytic activity at a surface density of 0.2?g?dm?3. 相似文献
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以Wistar大白鼠为研究对象,观察了多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)体内暴露后脏器的病理学变化.采用尾静脉注射的方法将直径为40~60nm的多壁碳纳米管(40~60MWNTs)和直径小于10nm的多壁碳纳米管(10MWNTs)暴露于大白鼠体内,同时分别采用纳米二氧化硅(SiO2)和乙炔碳黑(Cb)作为阳性和阴性对照.实验结果表明:1、3、5mg·kg-1(以大鼠体重计)多壁碳纳米管进入大鼠体内90d后,大鼠心脏、肾脏、肝脏和胃结构正常,未见明显的病理损伤.但是多壁碳纳米管均可在大鼠肺部沉积,随着暴露时间的延长,多壁碳纳米管一部分被肺巨噬细胞清除体外,但是残余的多壁碳纳米管引起了肺部的病理学改变. 相似文献
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This article reports a novel way to synthesize carbon nanotubes and Cu/ZnO nanoparticles using metal hyperaccumulator plants. Metal hyperaccumulator plants are traditionally used for phytoremediation to clean soil polluted by toxic metals. However, the transfer of toxic metals in plant shoots and leaves is an environmental issue because animals and other living organisms feeding on plants will transfer the metals to the ecosystem. Therefore, we suggest that hyperaccumulator plants could be used to synthesize nanoparticles. Here, Brassica juncea L., a Cu-hyperaccumulator plant, was collected around a copper mine and used as a raw chemical to produce carbon nanotubes and Cu/ZnO nanoparticles. The chlorophyll in shoots of B. juncea plants was ethanol extracted to yield chlorophyllin. Cu and Zn were extracted by HNO3 to form Cu/Zn(NO3)2. The chlorophyllin reacted with Cu/Zn(NO3)2 to form Cu/Zn chlorophyllin. Cu/ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by direct precipitation of Cu/Zn chlorophyllin with NaOH and ethanol. The vascular bundles in B. juncea plants, which have been purified and carbonized by HNO3, were rapidly heated to about 400°C and then they were cooled to room temperature to obtain carbon nanotubes. Results indicate that the outer diameter of carbon nanotubes was around 80 nm. Cu/ZnO nanoparticles have a Cu0.05Zn0.95O composition, and had a diameter of about 97 nm. Our study not only inspires the search for a new strategy on the synthesis of nanostructure from renewable natural products, but also breaks through the traditional and limited ideas about the reuse of metals by hyperaccumulator plants. 相似文献
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The photocatalytic activity of TiO2 deposits (Degussa P25 and Millennium PC500) has been studied using sulfamethoxazole (SMX) as a model water pollutant and a UV fluorescent lamp as a light source (365 nm). Both catalysts have shown very similar properties in the photocatalytic degradation of SMX. Special attention has been given to the effect of the irradiation time, pH, and pollutant concentration. No mass-transfer limitations are observed. The degradation of SMX is accelerated at low concentration, and the photocatalytic degradation kinetics obey the Langmuir–Hinshelwood model, allowing the adsorption and apparent rate constants to be determined for both catalysts. 相似文献
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以沉淀法制备了高活性ZnO纳米丛(nanobushes,ZNB),以水热反应制备得到普通ZnO纳米颗粒(nanoparticles,ZNP).利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、比表面积测定仪(BET)和光致发光光谱(PL)等手段对ZNB和ZNP进行了表征,并比较了其光催化活性的差异.在紫外光(λ≤387 nm)照射40 min后ZNB使有机染料罗丹明B(Rhodamine B,RhB)完全褪色,而相同条件下ZNP仅能使RhB褪色53%.通过总有机碳(TOC)的测定,研究了ZnO对RhB深度氧化矿化程度,光照6 h后ZNB对RhB矿化率高达92%,而ZNP对RhB的矿化率只有77%.跟踪测定了光催化降解过程中活性氧化物种相对含量的变化,表明紫外光激发条件下,ZnO光催化反应机理主要涉及羟基自由基(.OH)历程,且ZNB产生活性氧化物种的量高于ZNP. 相似文献