山东找到一新类型大型金矿

山东平邑县归来庄金矿位于尼山隆起NE边缘,燕甘断裂东侧次一级EW向构造带中.区内岩浆活动频繁,形成了中生代的铜石杂岩体,其岩体演化有两大周期:(1)闪长玢岩、二长闪长玢岩、二长斑岩、正长斑岩;(2)石英二长闪长玢岩、石英二长(斑)岩、正长斑岩(或霞石正长斑岩).矿床即赋于超浅成的中偏碱性杂岩体边缘沿断裂构造侵位的脉状隐爆角砾岩中.     

云南剑川粗面斑岩——正长岩杂岩体形成的物化条件

本文应用多种地质温压计方法来计算剑川杂岩体岩浆作用的物理化学条件,探讨岩石成因。杂岩体初始岩浆温度在1100℃——1200℃,固相线温度为630℃——770℃,岩浆源形成的深度约在30km,地温梯度为37.9℃/km,氧逸度(-Logfo_2)为11.1-9.84,深成相较低,浅成相较高;源区物质应属壳幔混合型;岩浆演化从封闭体系转为开放体系。     

云南剑川杂岩体岩石包体特征及成因

本文根据云南剑川杂岩体中岩石包体的分布、大小、形态、岩石类型、化学成分及矿物组成特征,探讨包体的成因,并推测寄主岩浆岩的性质、来源。认为剑川杂岩体中的岩石包体可分为捕虏体和同源包体,同源包体又可分为析离体和堆积岩。推测的岩体初始岩浆温度为1000—1125℃,形成深度约为20—30km。     

冀西北与碱性杂岩有关的金矿床的成因探讨

冀西北的东坪、中山沟、后沟等金矿床产于碱性正长岩杂岩体的内外接触带，与岩体有成因联系。矿石为少硫化物型。矿体有三种类型：石英脉型；石英脉＋脉旁蚀变岩型；钾、硅化蚀变岩型。对微量元素、稀土元素及S、Pb、C、O和Si的同位素的研究结果表明，成矿物质主要来源于碱性杂岩体，成矿流体混合热液，成矿时代为燕山期（钾长石Ar－Ar年龄为156～177Ma）。矿床为燕山期强烈岩浆活动产生的岩浆水与大气降水作用形成的混合热液对海西期碱性杂岩体（327．4Ma）交代改造而形成的一种新的改造型热液金矿床。     

根据矿物中包体的研究资料论印杜斯特里阿尔矿床花岗岩和锡矿脉的成因关系

<正> 印杜斯特里阿尔矿床分布在奥姆苏克昌凹陷的南部,产于左奥姆苏克昌岩体的淡色花岗岩中。该岩体的花岗岩是白垩纪时代同源岩浆的火山深成杂岩体的组成部分。根据矿床坑道和表面的观察,证实了岩体是通过     

对智利安第斯山脉中工业和非工业斑状侵入体的判别

<正> 引言在智利中部和北部的安第斯山脉中有大量中性、钙碱性深成岩体,但只有极少一部分伴生有斑岩铜矿床。本文就是探讨一种可能性,即在缺失明显热液蚀变或矿化现象时,利用全岩地球化学方法来评价一个侵入体或者杂岩体的勘探潜势。这次研究是根据约100个工业和非工业侵入体的30个以上主要元素和痕量元素的分析资料做出的,在三种尺度范围内对本判别进行了审查:(1)在一个矿区,即智利中部和北部的埃尔萨尔瓦多-波特雷里略     

相山矿田铀矿地质研究进展与趋势

相山铀矿是华南最大的产于火山-侵入杂岩体中的热液脉型铀矿田。文章对相山铀矿地质研究的历史进行了简略回顾,重点阐述了铀矿地质研究的新进展,主要有:火山杂岩时代为早白垩世、火山岩浆具有反方向演化特点,成矿作用是一个相对连续的演化过程,铀矿类型归属斑岩型,属于与燕山晚期火山-斑岩作用有关的铀或铀-多金属矿床成矿系列。最后,文章展望了未来的研究方向。     

碳酸岩与大理岩相互作用的地球化学

<正> 最近发现在叶尼塞山区有碳酸岩出露,该碳酸岩以一系列独特的特征而有别于典型碱性超基性碳酸岩杂岩体。它们属于线状型碳酸岩,分布在长期活动的构造带内,沿构造带延伸很长距离。碳酸岩与岩浆碱性岩的形成没有直接联系,但是伴有巨大的碱性交代岩晕。碳酸岩露头赋于鞑靼深大断裂内。鞑靼断     

西昆仑空巴克石英闪长岩类地球化学特征及构造环境分析

西昆仑空巴克石英闪长岩为原特提斯洋基本闭合,康西瓦韧性剪切带活动的产物.岩体属强过铝质、钙碱性系列偏碱性浅成相花岗岩类,大多属I型花岗岩,少数为S型花岗岩,构造环境为晚加里东期活动陆缘碰撞造山带环境.岩浆源为壳幔混源型.     

蒙古东南部中生代碱性岩浆活动与成矿

这是一篇国外考察报告，介绍了蒙古东南部地区由碱性一次碱性火山岩、次火山岩和侵入岩组成的中生代碱性杂岩体及其与有关的稀有稀土矿床的基本地质特征，并对与蒙古毗邻的中国境内寻找类似的磁性杂岩体及其与有关矿床的可能性提出建议。     

Ball end milling mechanistic model based on a voxel-based geometric representation and a ray casting technique

Prediction of machining forces involved in complex geometry can be valuable information for machine shops. This paper presents a mechanistic cutting force simulation model for ball end milling processes, using ray casting and voxel representation methods used in 3D computer graphics field. Using this method, instantaneous uncut chip cross sectional areas can be extracted, which can be used in cutting pressure coefficient extraction and machining simulation including machining forces and geometry of the workpiece. The major advantage of the proposed scheme is that it can simulate milling processes with arbitrary cutting tool geometry on a workpiece with complex geometry, using an algorithm with constant time complexity. A series of cutting experiments were carried out to validate the model.     

Higher education for sustainability by means of transdisciplinary case studies: an innovative approach for solving complex,real-world problems

Sustainable development and the interplay between its ecological, social, and economic dimensions can be regarded as a highly complex task. As a logical consequence, educating for sustainable development also has a complex character. Traditional unidirectional educational processes are only of very limited use when educating for sustainable development: Firstly, the initial state of the considered system (case) cannot be described precisely; secondly, the target state of the system is also not sufficiently known; and thirdly, the process between initial state and target state and potential barriers that might have to be passed are also not exactly known. Pure analytically based solutions are therefore, not available; a dynamic mutual learning process is required instead.Mutual learning based on real-world cases requires an interdisciplinary point of view, transdisciplinary problem-solving processes, and self-regulated and self-responsible learning. Consequently, besides analytical capabilities and deterministic process planning, dealing with the complex problem of sustainable development requires creativity, social competencies and specific communication skills in order to cope with the dynamic change that characterizes the developments in most facets of society and nature.A “vassal” that puts together all these requirements towards an educational process for sustainable development can be a transdisciplinary case study approach: In Austria this was first applied by the University of Graz within the “Erzherzog Johann case study”. In order to educate for sustainable development, the students had to work on a “real-world problem”, the development of possible ways to achieve ecologically, economically and socially sustainable development of the abandoned iron ore mining region of Eisenerz in the middle of Austria. As a core characteristic of this “real-world” case study, besides the cooperation among students, teachers and researchers of the university, the interaction with stakeholders of the region was of outstanding importance.Within transdisciplinary case studies students, teachers and researchers have to abandon the role paradigm of the teacher as provider of information and the students as “consumers” of the provided information. Knowledge and competences imparted in university classes need to be applied simultaneously within the real-world case to allow a demand-driven process of mutual learning in which students are self-responsible and decide which tools to apply in the process of attaining sustainable development. Because of the dynamics of this process, students experience the process of sustainable development instead of purely memorizing its characteristics. The process of educating for sustainable development and practical applied sustainability therefore, becomes sustainable.     

用改进法测定水中的石油类

通过对现行国标《水质石油类和动植物油的测定红外光度法》（GB16488-1996）方法中的萃取、吸附预处理过程进行改进,通过对比实验得出萃取过程采用一次萃取,前处理吸附过程采用分液漏斗代替玻璃层析柱制备硅酸镁层析柱,并辅助真空泵加速,处理效果对测定结果无影响,采取改进方法可大大节约分析时间;四氯化碳（CCl4）毒性较大,大量使用对实验室人员和环境影响较大,实验证明用氯化四氟乙烯（S-316）替代四氯化碳（CCl4）作为萃取剂,实验室前期处理过程以及实际萃取效果与用四氯化碳作为萃取剂无差别,测定结果符合国家标准的要求,氯化四氟乙烯（S-316）的应用可以减少对臭氧层的破坏,可以作为该方法较理性的萃取剂。     

遗传双线性模型在海洋冰情预测中的应用

提出了一套建立双线性模型（ＢＭ）的简便方案。用作者研制的加速遗传算法可同时估计ＢＭ模型各参数,成功地解决了ＢＭ建模这一难题,为ＢＭ模型的广泛应用提供了强有力的工具。实例的计算结果说明,这套方法在海洋冰情预测中是可行而有效的,通过利用预测过程中产生的残差信息进行反馈矫正,保证了ＢＭ模型高的拟合粗度和稳健的预测性能,增强了ＢＭ对复杂非线性动态系统的适应性。该方案具有一般性,在各种非线性时序动态预测中具     

排板式介质阻挡放电等离子体降解苯的研究

考察了自制排板式等离子发生器对不同进气条件(进气浓度、进气流量和进气湿度)下含苯气的降解效果。结果表明,苯降解率随进气浓度和进气流量的提高而降低,但在高进气浓度和高进气流量下,苯降解率仍保持在50%以上。苯降解率在进气湿度约30%时达到最大值,过低和过高的进气湿度都不利于苯的降解。采用多级串联可提高等离子发生器对高进气浓度和高进气流量的适应能力,4级串联较单级时的苯降解率最高可提高39%。排板式等离子体发生器可作为未来等离子体发生器工业化的重点研发对象。     

Multivariate geostatistical trend detection and network evaluation of space-time acid deposition data—I. Methodology

A multivariate geostatistical technique is presented to address two key issues of trend detection and network evaluation of acid deposition data. The proposed technique is specifically designed to be compatible with the distinctive characteristics of acid deposition variables such as non-stationary of their spatial means, non-stationary of their spatial covariances, their complex periodic and non-periodic temporal trends, and the common imbalance between the availability of their spatial and temporal data. To accomplish this, the time series at each measurement point is viewed as a separate, but correlated one-dimensional regionalized variable. Each variable is assumed to be a sum of periodic (e.g. seasonal) and non-periodic (e.g. anthropogenic) temporal random variables, each characterized by its own temporal variogram. To obtain an initial estimate of the frequency of the involved periodic trends, direct quadratic spectrum estimation is conducted. Based on fitted direct and cross variograms, various forms of estimation such as co-kriging of non-periodic components can be performed. The estimated time series may then be tested for the presence of long-term trends. In addition, the fitted sill values of any variogram model at different stations form elements of a coregionalization matrix. This matrix may be regarded as the variance-covariance matrix for the particular temporal-trend scale presented by the variogram model. A coregionalization matrix can be used to generate a spatial correlogram. Viewing the estimated integral scale of each spatial correlogram as an indicator of the radius of information-influence of each measurement station, a monitoring network can be evaluated for its adequacy of coverage at different temporal-trend scales. A coregionalization matrix can also be decomposed through principal-component analysis in order to determine any potential spatial groupings and/or to generate regional indicators of changes at different temporal scales.     

河流水质时间序列分析的自组织预测方法及应用

应用前苏联学者伊万年科基于生物控制论中的自组织原理提出的一种数据组合处理方法，有效地解决复杂非线性系统预测。以汾河某段的水污染时间序列监测数据为基础，建立了一个河流水质污染预测的自组织模型，其建模样本的拟合值和检验样本的预测值相对误差分别在３．１％和５．３％以内。结果表明，自组织模型能较好地描述水污染时间序列数据之间的非线性关系，适合复杂水环境污染系统的预测工作。     

日本森林管理的最新发展——以日本神奈川县林业政策过程为例

为了追求更好的森林管理效果，对相关森林政策的实施，不是仅仅停留在传统的狭义的行政管理部门上，同时还要涉厦到经营者、市民以及当地居民等利益相关者。使他们都要以相互协调的方式参与到森林管理当中来。它是建立在一定的森林价值观基础上，基于科学原理井突破以往的技术层面而对森林进行的一系列更加合理的管理措施体系。本文以日本神奈川县的林业政策形成过程为例对森林治理问题进行了讨论。     

基于表面活性剂和混凝机理控制陶瓷窑炉黑烟污染的实验研究

针对工业燃煤陶瓷窑炉黑烟难治理的现状,提出了控制黑烟的新方法.在燃煤陶瓷窑炉的烟道中采集沉积炭黑,并分析炭黑物理、化学性质.从改变炭黑的润湿效果、沉降状态入手,通过一系列的正交实验,分析了选取的表面活性剂及混凝剂对炭黑的润湿与混凝作用,筛选出了效果较好的混凝剂与表面活性剂的混合溶液作为去除炭黑的吸收液.对筛选出的混合溶液进行炭黑沉降实验,分析炭黑沉降率得到最佳配方: 100 mmol/L Na₂SO₄+ 1.2 mmol/L SDBS+ 40 mg/L PAM.吸收炭黑后,溶液与炭黑有明显的分层,中间溶液澄清透明,其炭黑的去除率达94.34%.配制吸收液的药品价格便宜且吸收液可以循环利用,可节省药剂和水的用量.