环境纠纷ADR模式探讨

环境纠纷ADR模式因其简便、快捷、花费少、专业性强等明显优于诉讼的特点，于20世纪60年代在美国应运而生。文中对ADR作了概述，并对ADR模式在美国、日本及台湾地区的运用作了介绍，阐述了该模式的主要方法，进而对我国在解决环境纠纷中运用ADR模式的前景作了分析，并提出有关建议。     

污水处理厂扩建工程的调试培菌方案选择及实施

介绍了无锡市城北污水处理厂扩建工程的设计概况，并针对该扩建工程，提出了在调试方案选择时，应充分考虑实施的可操作性、经济性及对现有生产的影响。系统介绍了对所选方案的实施，主要包括调试、试运行前期准备、培菌、联动调试及培菌成熟，并最终达到可投产等阶段工作。     

天然蒙托土对印染废水吸附处理的研究

本文利用天然蒙托土对印染厂废水进行了处理，考察了ＰＨ值、催化剂、蒙托土用量、反应温度、反应时间等因素的影响，探索了最佳工艺条件，同时还对蒙托土的使用周期，流失、再生方法进行了研究；运用ＸＲＤ、比表面、热分析等技术对处理机理进行了探讨。实验结果表明，蒙托土对含有酸性阳离子染料的印染废水有较好的处理能力，脱色率通常可达９０％以上，ＣＯＤ去除率高达９６．９％。蒙托土是通过吸附机理对印染废水处理的，并具有     

宝应建设生态县对策研究

以生态县建设为主要研究对象，通过对宝应县的自然资源条件、经济发展基础以及技术、政策等因素的分析，阐述了宝应建设生态县的有利因素和制约因素，明确了生态县建设的指导思想和目标任务，并就开展生态县创建工作，提出了相应的行政、法制、经济、技术保障措施。     

城市固废(生活垃圾)中甲烷排放量

我国城市生活垃圾，作为废弃物，在环境中已成为公害，加上废弃物中的有机物发酵分解，向大气扩散恶臭，排出甲烷等温室气体，因此，有必要调查、考察我国主要典型城市垃圾填埋场及处理厂等的概况，了解、掌握对来自生活垃圾中甲烷的排放量，尤为重要。通过对典型城市（４６个主要城市）生活垃圾清运量的统计、调研，及其垃圾中有机物种类和排放系数的初步确定，结合城市的人口数，初步确定按人口分担的排放量。本报告通过对４６个主要城市生活垃圾清运量及甲烷的排放量统计、调研，为今后进一步研究来自废弃物的甲烷排放，进行了初步的探索性研究；同时，为非工业源甲烷排放量进行了预测与评估，获得了初步的结果。     

面源水污染预测方法初探

以海安县城镇“三河”（洋港河、翻身河、老焦港河）流域为例，分别对城市地表径流、农村地表径流进行了分析、测算，并通过对水质现场监测，给出了“三河”流域内的面源污染量。初步探讨了面源水污染预测方法。     

海洋塑料污染问题研究概况

世界各国，特别是发达国家，已对海洋的塑料污染问题进行了广泛研究。本文在广泛调研文献的基础上，综合评述了世界各地对海洋塑料废弃物污染状况，塑料废弃物对海洋动物、渔业经济和环境的影响，以及塑料废弃物污染的防治等问题研究的概况。详细讨论了有关研究方法、调查结果及影响因素。     

多配位基螯合离子交换纤维的研究及其进展

离子交换纤锥作为具有高吸附佐的吸附材料，在金属离子的分离、富集、回收等方面，以及在水净处理净化处理领域得到了迅速的发展及应用，引起了人们的极大兴趣。本文对近十几年来离子交换纤维的合成方法路线、性能研究以及在痕量元素的分离、富集和水处理方面的应用进行了综述，并对目前离子交换纤维的研究中存在的问题提出了一些看法。     

地表水的钾、钠、钙、镁混合测定

对《水和废水监测分析方法》（第4版）中，钾、钠与钙、镁的分开测定，改为钾、钠、钙、镁的混合测定。其结果不论是标准曲线、精密度与准确度均与原方法一致，节省了时间，提高了工作效率。     

陆地生态环境酸沉降敏感性研究

酸雨对生态环境的影响已成为全球性的重大环境问题，本文在总结了世界酸雨现状、酸雨的生态危害、酸雨对土壤系统的影响及生态系统酸沉降敏感性等方面研究现状的基础上，对各方面的研究进展、存在的问题及发展趋势进行了评述和展望，并提出了若干研究方向及进一步研究需要注意的问题。     

水生植物应用于富营养化控制的研究趋向

阐述了水生植物在治理富营养化水体中的作用机理和研究现状,指出了水生植物治理富营养化水体存在的问题,展望了水生植物在治理富营养化水体方面的发展方向。     

The health effects and ecological significance of chlorine residuals in water

During the past several years, chlorine residuals and chlorinated organic compounds in drinking waters and aquatic environments have become a significant topic of study for scientists concerned about the quality of life in aquatic ecosystems as well as general public health. The effects of direct toxicity and/or carcinogenicity to human and aquatic life are the focal points for this concern.The effects of chloramines and chlorinated organic compounds present in the water distribution system after chlorination treatments are reviewed. Also discussed are the effects of chlorinated discharges from municipal secondary treatment plants and power plants on human health and aquatic life. The toxic significance of environmental chemicals are described.     

CO2 sequestration by propagation of the fast-growing Azolla spp.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Azolla is a group of aquatic floating plants that can achieve very high growth rates compared to other aquatic macrophytes, with a doubling time of...     

Heavy metals in sediments,soils, and aquatic plants from a secondary anabranch of the three gorges reservoir region,China

We investigated the occurrence of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), Znic (Zn), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and magnesium (Mg) in sediments, as well as in related soils and aquatic plants in the Liangtan River, a typical secondary anabranch of the Yangtze River in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region (TGRR) of China. We found that sediments accumulated more metals than soils and aquatic plants. Concentrations of the nine metals in sediments and soils followed the same sequence, while their concentrations in aquatic plants followed a different sequence. Potential adverse effects of contaminated sediments on benthic fauna were evaluated, and the results showed that the toxic effect on benthic organisms followed the sequence Zn?>?Ni?>?Cr?>?Cu?>?Cd?>?Pb. The potential ecological risk index analysis indicated that Cd in sediments had considerable ecological risk, whereas Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni, and Pb had low ecological risk. The potential ecological risk index (RI) of the heavy metals in sediments of the Liangtan River was 174.9, indicating moderate ecological risk. The transfer factor trend of metals for aquatic plants showed that Cd and Ni had the most and least accumulation, respectively. For Cu, Cd, Mg, Pb, and Cr, a significant positive correlation of the metal concentrations was observed between sediments and soils, but no correlations (excluding Cr) were detected between sediments and aquatic plants. Our study indicated that anthropogenic input may be the primary source of metal contamination in the Liangtan River, and that Zn and Cd pollution in the Liangtan River should be further explored.     

水产养殖自身污染及其生物修复技术

介绍了生物修复的概念、水产养殖存在的自身污染问题及其主要生物修复技术。营养物污染、药物污染和底泥富集污染是水产养殖存在的主要自身污染问题；微生物修复、水生植物修复和水生动物修复是污染养殖水域生物修复的3种主要形式；微生物的有效性、生物入侵、二次污染、修复生物的季节性和非水生植物的利用等方面是实施生物修复应注意的主要方面。最后指出，推行清洁生产、实行生态养殖是水产养殖业可持续发展的出路。     

水产养殖自身污染及其生物修复技术

介绍了生物修复的概念、水产养殖存在的自身污染问题及其主要生物修复技术.营养物污染、药物污染和底泥富集污染是水产养殖存在的主要自身污染问题;微生物修复、水生植物修复和水生动物修复是污染养殖水域生物修复的3种主要形式;微生物的有效性、生物入侵、二次污染、修复生物的季节性和非水生植物的利用等方面是实施生物修复应注意的主要方面.最后指出,推行清洁生产、实行生态养殖是水产养殖业可持续发展的出路.     

Allelopathic potential of oil seed crops in production of crops: a review

Agricultural production enhancement has been realized by more consumption of fossil energy such as fertilizer and agrochemicals. However, the production provides the present human with sufficient and diversified commodities, but at the same time, deprives in some extent the resources from the future human as well. In the other hand, it is known that synthetic herbicides face worldwide threats to human’s health and environment as well. Therefore, it is a great challenge for agricultural sustainable development. The current review has been focussed on various oilseed crop species which launch efficient allelopathic intervention, either with weeds or other crops. Crop allelopathic properties can make one species more persistent to a native species. Therefore, these crops are potentially harmful to both naturalized as well as agricultural settings. On the other side, allelopathic crops provide strong potential for the development of cultivars that are more highly weed suppressive in managed settings. It is possible to utilize companion plants that have no deleterious effect on neighbor crops and can be included in intercropping system, thus, a mean of contributing to agricultural sustainable development. In mixed culture, replacement method, wherein differing densities of a neighbor species are planted, has been used to study phytotoxic/competitive effects. So, to use alternative ways for weed suppression has become very crucial. Allelochemicals have the ability to create eco-friendly products for weed management, which is beneficial for agricultural sustainable development. Our present study assessed the potential of four oilseed crops for allelopathy on other crops and associated weeds.     

水生植物酸碱预处理对厌氧发酵联产氢气-甲烷的影响简

采用酸碱预处理乌梁素海典型沉水植物龙须眼子菜和挺水植物芦苇,通过厌氧发酵动力学分析、还原糖变化及微观结构解析,研究酸碱预处理对水生植物厌氧发酵联产氢气-甲烷的影响。实验结果表明,酸碱预处理后水生植物厌氧发酵联产氢气-甲烷两阶段累积产气量、氢气及甲烷含量均显著提高,酸处理效果优于碱处理。采用0.5 mol/L HCl预处理龙须眼子菜效果最佳,最大氢气、甲烷含量分别达42.65%和52.82%,产氢气速率为4.118 mL/h,产甲烷速率最高达14.199 mL/h。芦苇经1 mol/L HCl预处理效果最佳,最高氢气、甲烷含量分别为32.22%和65.26%。扫描电镜微观结构分析表明,酸碱预处理可显著破坏芦苇、龙须眼子菜的纤维素结构,有效增加植物与微生物接触面积,有利于厌氧发酵联产氢气-甲烷工艺的快速启动和稳定运行。     

水生植物酸碱预处理对厌氧发酵联产氢气-甲烷的影响

采用酸碱预处理乌梁素海典型沉水植物龙须眼子菜和挺水植物芦苇,通过厌氧发酵动力学分析、还原糖变化及微观结构解析,研究酸碱预处理对水生植物厌氧发酵联产氢气-甲烷的影响。实验结果表明,酸碱预处理后水生植物厌氧发酵联产氢气-甲烷两阶段累积产气量、氢气及甲烷含量均显著提高,酸处理效果优于碱处理。采用0．5mol／LHCl预处理龙须眼子菜效果最佳,最大氢气、甲烷含量分别达42．65％和52．82％,产氢气速率为4．118mL／h,产甲烷速率最高达14．199mL／h。芦苇经1mol／LHCl预处理效果最佳,最高氢气、甲烷含量分别为32．22％和65．26％。扫描电镜微观结构分析表明,酸碱预处理可显著破坏芦苇、龙须眼子菜的纤维素结构,有效增加植物与微生物接触面积,有利于厌氧发酵联产氢气-甲烷工艺的快速启动和稳定运行。     

Assessment of aquatic plants in the reservoirs of AES-tietê and development of an integrated control model for the most important species

The general objective of this work was to develop a monitoring and management model for aquatic plants that could be used in reservoir cascades in Brazil, using the reservoirs of AES-Tietê as a study case. The investigations were carried out at the reservoirs of Barra-Bonita, Bariri, Ibitinga, Promiss?o, and Nova-Avanhandava, located in the Tietê River Basin; Agua Vermelha, located in the Grande River Basin; Caconde, Limoeiro, and Euclides da Cunha, which are part of the Pardo River Basin; and the Mogi-Gua?u reservoir, which belongs to the Mogi-Gua?u River basin. The main products of this work were: development of techniques using satellite-generated images for monitoring and planning aquatic plant control; planning and construction of a boat to move coating plant masses and an airboat equipped with a DGPS navigation and application flow control system. Results allowed to conclude that the occurrence of all types of aquatic plants is directly associated with sedimentation process and, consequently, with nutrient and light availability. Reservoirs placed at the beginning of cascades are more subject to sedimentation and occurrence of marginal, floating and emerged plants, and are the priority when it comes to controlling these plants, since they provide a supply of weeds for the other reservoirs. Reservoirs placed downstream show smaller amounts of water-suspended solids, with greater transmission of light and occurrence of submerged plants.