Removal of tetracycline from aqueous solution by a Fe3O4 incorporated PAN electrospun nanofiber mat

Pollution of antibiotics, a type of emerging contaminant, has become an issue of concern, due to their overuse in human and veterinary application, persistence in environment and great potential risk to human and animal health even at trace level. In this work, a novel adsorbent, Fe₃O₄ incorporated polyacrylonitrile nanofiber mat (Fe-NFM), was successfully fabricated via electrospinning and solvothermal method, targeting to remove tetracycline (TC), a typical class of antibiotics, from aqueous solution. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy were used to characterize the surface morphology and crystal structure of the Fe-NFM, and demonstrated that Fe-NFM was composed of continuous, randomly distributed uniform nanofibers with surface coating of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. A series of adsorption experiments were carried out to evaluate the removal efficiency of TC by the Fe-NFM. The pseudo-second-order kinetics model fitted better with the experimental data. The highest adsorption capacity was observed at initial solution pH 4 while relative high adsorption performance was obtained from initial solution pH 4 to 10. The adsorption of TC on Fe-NFM was a combination effect of both electrostatic interaction and complexation between TC and Fe-NFM. Freundlich isotherm model could better describe the adsorption isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity calculated from Langmuir isotherm model was 315.31 mg/g. Compared to conventional nanoparticle adsorbents which have difficulties in downstream separation, the novel nanofiber mat can be simply installed as a modular compartment and easily separated from the aqueous medium, promising its huge potential in drinking and wastewater treatment for micro-pollutant removal.     

Removal of tetracycline from aqueous solution by a Fe3O4 incorporated PAN electrospun nanofiber mat

Pollution of antibiotics, a type of emerging contaminant, has become an issue of concern, due to their overuse in human and veterinary application, persistence in environment and great potential risk to human and animal health even at trace level. In this work, a novel adsorbent, Fe₃O₄ incorporated polyacrylonitrile nanofiber mat (Fe-NFM), was successfully fabricated via electrospinning and solvothermal method, targeting to remove tetracycline (TC), a typical class of antibiotics, from aqueous solution. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy were used to characterize the surface morphology and crystal structure of the Fe-NFM, and demonstrated that Fe-NFM was composed of continuous, randomly distributed uniform nanofibers with surface coating of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. A series of adsorption experiments were carried out to evaluate the removal efficiency of TC by the Fe-NFM. The pseudo-second-order kinetics model fitted better with the experimental data. The highest adsorption capacity was observed at initial solution pH 4 while relative high adsorption performance was obtained from initial solution pH 4 to 10. The adsorption of TC on Fe-NFM was a combination effect of both electrostatic interaction and complexation between TC and Fe-NFM. Freundlich isotherm model could better describe the adsorption isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity calculated from Langmuir isotherm model was 315.31 mg/g. Compared to conventional nanoparticle adsorbents which have difficulties in downstream separation, the novel nanofiber mat can be simply installed as a modular compartment and easily separated from the aqueous medium, promising its huge potential in drinking and wastewater treatment for micro-pollutant removal.     

两种不同硅铝比的ZSM-5型分子筛去除水中Pb~(2+)的研究

考察硅铝比不同的ZSM-5两种分子筛(25H和50H,25和50为硅铝比:SiO2/Al2O3)对水中Pb2+离子的吸附去除效能。两种材料均可有效吸附去除水中Pb2+离子,吸附等温线符合Langmuir吸附等温式,25H的最大吸附容量达22.22mg/g,吸附动力学符合假二阶动力学模型,吸附速率及吸附容量顺序为:25H>50H。随着投加量的增加,分子筛对Pb2+的去除率呈上升趋势。常见共存阳离子均对分子筛吸附去除Pb2+产生影响。     

油菜秸杆外壳对水溶液中六价铬的吸附作用

为探讨油菜秸秆外壳去除水溶液中重金属铬的可能性及其影响因素,并研究其吸附性能和吸附机制.采用Box-Behnken Design实验设计研究了水溶液中六价铬[Cr(VI)]初始浓度、pH值范围、油菜秸秆外壳添加量和吸附温度4个因素对油菜秸秆外壳去除溶液中Cr(VI)的影响作用;用吸附等温方程、吸附动力学方程与热力学方程分别探讨了油菜秸秆外壳去除水溶液中Cr(VI)的行为;采用红外光谱技术对油菜秸秆外壳吸附水溶液Cr(VI)前后进行表征,探讨其吸附机制.油菜秸秆外壳去除溶液中Cr(VI)的最佳条件组合为:在吸附时间为1440min时,Cr(VI)初始浓度为99.15mg/L、pH值为1.01、油菜秸秆外壳添加量为2.90g/L和吸附温度35.70℃,Cr(VI)去除率为91.97%;吸附等温线拟合,吸附Cr(VI)行为符合Freundlich方程,为优惠吸附;热力学研究表明:溶液中Cr(VI)吸附属吸热反应,且为自发吸附行为;吸附动力学显示:油菜秸秆外壳去除溶液Cr(VI)符合准二阶动力学方程,吸附过程中存在离子交换;红外光谱提示:吸附过程中,O—H、C—H、NH3+、N—H和C—O基团与Cr(VI) 络合吸附发挥了重要作用.油菜秸秆外壳能够有效吸附水溶液中的Cr(VI),pH值是最为重要的影响因素.     

聚合多巴胺包覆的磁性微球吸附Cr(Ⅵ)

用聚合多巴胺(PDA)包覆溶剂热法制备Fe_3O_4磁性微球,得到Fe_3O_4@PDA复合材料,并采用红外光谱、扫描电镜、透射电镜对复合材料进行表征。同时,对Fe_3O_4@PDA吸附溶液中六价铬(Cr(Ⅵ))的性能进行研究,考察了溶液pH对其吸附性能的影响。结果表明:Fe_3O_4@PDA在溶液pH为3.0时对Cr(Ⅵ)有较好的吸附性能,其吸附动力学数据符合伪二级动力学方程,等温吸附符合Langmuir吸附模型,最大吸附容量达到108.8 mg/g,热力学实验计算出的吉布斯自由能为负值,表明Cr(Ⅵ)在Fe_3O_4@PDA的吸附为自发过程。     

Enhanced adsorption and colorimetric detection of tetracycline antibiotics by using functional phosphate/carbonate composite with nanoporous network coverage

This work presents efficient tetracycline (TC) antibiotics adsorption using a functional porous phosphate/carbonate composite (PCC). The PCC was fabricated by anion-exchange of phosphate on the surface of vaterite-phase calcium carbonate particle scaffolds. The PCC, having dense nanoporous network coverage with large surface area and pore volume, exhibited excellent TC adsorption in solution. Its adsorption isotherm fitted well to the Freundlich model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 118.72 mg/g. The adsorption process was spontaneous, endothermic, and followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. From the XPS analysis, the hydrogen bonding and surface complexation were the key interactions in the process. In addition, a colorimetric TC detection method was developed considering its complexation with phosphate ions, originating from PCC dissolution, during adsorption. The method was used to detect TC in mg/L concentrations in water samples. Thus, the multifunctional PCC exhibited potential for use in TC removal and environmental remediation.     

改性多孔生物炭的制备及其对水中四环素的吸附性能研究

以常见的农业废弃物玉米秸秆为原料,以NaHCO_3和三聚氰胺为活化剂,一步碳化活化制备得到了一种改性多孔生物炭,研究了其对模拟四环素(TC)废水的吸附行为,同时采用SEM、XRD、Raman、FTIR、BET和元素分析对材料进行表征分析.探究了热解温度、三聚氰胺添加量、吸附剂投加量、反应时间、初始浓度、环境温度和pH对改性多孔生物炭去除水溶液中TC的影响.相比于原始生物炭(C800),改性后的秸秆生物炭(MPC800-10)对TC拥有更优异的吸附能力,能在短时间内快速高效地去除TC.由表征结果可知,同时添加NaHCO_3和三聚氰胺得到的改性多孔生物炭(MPC800-10)相对于原始生物炭(C800)比表面积更大,孔结构更丰富,芳香性增强,且亲水性和极性也有所增大,表面官能团更丰富,含氧官能团增加.MPC800-10对TC的吸附更符合Pseudo-second-order动力学模型和Freundlich等温吸附模型,且最大吸附量达到347 mg·g~(-1).热力学分析表明MPC800-10对TC的吸附是一个自发、吸热的过程.在酸性和中性条件下MPC800-10对TC都有较好的吸附能力,且具有一定的抗离子干扰能力和良好的再生性能.本研究将为农田废弃物的资源化利用及废水中抗生素的污染治理奠定坚实的基础.     

锆改性沸石对水中磷酸盐和铵的吸附特性

采用锆对天然沸石进行改性,并研究了锆改性沸石对水中磷酸盐和铵的吸附特性.结果表明,锆改性沸石对水中磷酸盐和铵均具有很好的吸附能力.锆改性沸石对水中磷酸盐和铵的吸附动力学过程满足准二级动力学模型.Langmuir、Freundlich和Dubinin–Radushkevich(D–R)等温吸附模型可以很好地描述锆改性沸石对水中磷酸盐的等温吸附行为.Langmuir等温吸附模型可以很好地描述锆改性沸石对水中铵的等温吸附行为.由Langmuir等温吸附模型计算得到锆改性沸石对磷酸盐和铵的最大吸附容量分别达到26.2,7.82 mg/g.热力学参数表明锆改性沸石对水中磷酸盐的吸附是自发的吸热反应过程.锆改性沸石对水中磷酸盐的吸附能力随着pH值的增加而降低.当pH4~8时,锆改性沸石对水中铵的吸附能力较高;当pH低于4或高于8时,对铵的吸附能力下降.水中共存的Cl-、SO42-、HCO3-和NO3-等阴离子对锆改性沸石吸附磷酸盐的影响很小,而共存的SiO32-对磷酸盐的吸附则具有较强的负面影响.水中共存的Ca2+和Mg2+对锆改性沸石吸附铵的影响较小,而共存的K+和Na+对铵的吸附则具有较强的负面影响.锆改性沸石吸附水中磷酸盐的主要机制是阴离子配位体的交换,吸附水中铵的主要机制是与沸石中可交换阳离子的离子交换.     

Removal of arsenate and arsenite from aqueous solution by waste cast iron

The removal of As(III) and As(V) from aqueous solution was investigated using waste cast iron, which is a byproduct of the iron casting process in foundries. Two types of waste cast iron were used in the experiment: grind precipitate dust (GPD) and cast iron shot (CIS). The X-ray diffraction analysis indicated the presence of Fe0 on GPD and CIS. Batch experiments were performed under different concentrations of As(III) and As(V) and at various initial pH levels. Results showed that waste cast iron was effective in the removal of arsenic. The adsorption isotherm study indicated that the Langmuir isotherm was better than the Freundlich isotherm at describing the experimental result. In the adsorption of both As(III) and As(V), the adsorption capacity of GPD was greater than CIS, mainly due to the fact that GPD had higher surface area and weight percent of Fe than CIS. Results also indicated the removal of As(III) and As(V) by GPD and CIS was influenced by the initial solution pH, generally decreasing with increasing pH from 3.0 to 10.5. In addition, both GPD and CIS were more effective at the removal of As(III) than As(V) under given experimental conditions. This study demonstrates that waste cast iron has potential as a reactive material to treat wastewater and groundwater containing arsenic.     

响应曲面法优化Fe(Ⅲ)改性卡氏变形杆菌吸附去除Sb(Ⅴ)及其机理

水环境中过量Sb（Ⅴ）所引起的环境危害受到越来越多的关注.为了考察工艺参数对铁盐改性生物吸附剂吸附Sb（Ⅴ）效果影响、交互作用及其机理,以Fe（Ⅲ）改性卡氏变形杆菌吸附剂（简称“FMPAs”）为研究对象,采用Box-Behnken响应曲面法对FMPAs吸附处理合成含Sb（Ⅴ）废水的吸附时间、FMPAs投加量、pH、温度及Sb（Ⅴ）初始浓度等因素进行优化,确定了最优吸附条件,并对吸附过程的等温模型、动力学模型及吸附机理进行了研究.结果表明:①FMPAs吸附Sb（Ⅴ）的最优条件为吸附时间3.0 h、FMPAs投加量1 910.04 mg/L、pH 2.31、温度45.0℃、Sb（Ⅴ）初始浓度24.80 mg/L,且最优条件下Sb（Ⅴ）的去除率高达97.03%.②FMPAs对Sb（Ⅴ）的吸附符合Langmuir等温吸附模型,其最大吸附容量（q_max）为60.506 mg/g,其吸附动力学过程可采用准一级动力学模型拟合,属于单层吸附和化学吸附.③FMPAs吸附Sb的机理主要为Fe（Ⅲ）改性卡氏变形杆菌生成了Fe—O—OH、Polyose—Fe、Polyose—O—Fe（OH）₂等化合物,这些物质中羟基被Sb（Ⅴ）取代生成新的配合物Fe—O—Sb,使Sb（Ⅴ）得到吸附去除.研究显示,FMPAs对Sb（Ⅴ）具有较高的吸附容量,是一种极具潜在应用价值的绿色生物质吸附剂,可用于处理含Sb（Ⅴ）废水.      

Statistical optimization of adsorption processes for removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol by activated carbon derived from oil palm empty fruit bunches

The adsorption capacity of activated carbon produced from oil palm empty fruit bunches through removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol from aqueous solution was carried out in the laboratory. The activated carbon was produced by thermal activation of activation time with 30 min at 800℃. The adsorption process conditions were determined with the statistical optimization followed by central composite design. A developed polynomial model for operating conditions of adsorption process indicated that the optimum conditions for maximum adsorption of phenolic compound were： agitation rate of 100 r/min, contact time of 8 h, initial adsorbate concentration of 250 mg/L and pH 4. Adsorption isotherms were conducted to evaluate biosorption process. Langmuir isotherm was more favorable （R^2=0.93） for removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol by the activated carbon rather than Freundlich isotherm （R^2=0.88）.     

TiO2@酵母微球吸附废水中的荧光增白剂-VBL及再生研究

采用静电自组装的方法制备出具有草莓结构的TiO2@酵母微球作为吸附材料,对阴离子型荧光增白剂-VBL(FWA-VBL)废水进行吸附研究,考察了溶液pH、溶液初始浓度和TiO2@酵母投加量对吸附效果的影响.结果表明,酸性条件有利于TiO2@酵母微球对FWA-VBL的吸附,平衡吸附量随着溶液初始浓度的增加而增加,随着TiO2@酵母微球投加量的增加而减小.TiO2@酵母对FWA-VBL的吸附行为更加符合Langmuir等温模型,在温度为323.15K下最大吸附量为167.50mg/g; 吸附动力学符合二级动力学方程; 热力学参数表明吸附过程是自发的吸热过程.归因于光催化-吸附耦合效应,TiO2@酵母微球展现出了良好的原位再生能力.H2O2的添加有助于提高TiO2@酵母微球的再生性能.     

两种ZSM-5沸石分子筛吸附水中氨氮的研究

考察了两种硅铝比分别为25及50的ZSM-5沸石分子筛对水中氨氮的吸附性能及影响因素.研究表明,25℃时,25H及50H型沸石的吸附平衡时间分别为10 min和35 min,吸附等温线均符合Langmuir经验模型,25 H型分子筛的饱和吸附容量较大,为7.83 mg/g,50H型分子筛为4.36 mg/g.当吸附剂投...     

笼芯陶黑碳微珠去除模拟废水中铬

将笼芯陶黑碳微珠用于水溶液中铬的吸附去除,探讨了溶液初始pH、初始浓度、吸附温度、吸附时间、竹炭添加量对铬去除的影响,分析了铬去除的等温过程、动力学和热力学。结果表明:较低的溶液初始pH、较高的吸附温度、较长的吸附时间和较大的笼芯陶黑碳微珠添加量有利于铬的吸附去除;铬的去除更符合D-R模型和准二级动力学模型,其饱和吸附量可达到30.62 mg/g;铬去除过程的控速步骤为液膜扩散和颗粒内扩散联合控制,但以液膜扩散为主导;笼芯陶黑碳微珠对铬的去除是自发的、吸热的、以化学吸附为主的过程。     

Application of magnetic particles modified with amino groups to adsorb copper ions in aqueous solution

A magnetic adsorbent can be easily recovered from treated water by magnetic force,without requiring further downstream treatment.In this research,amine-functionalized silica magnetite has been synthesized using N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]-ethylenediamine(TPED) as a surface modification agent.The synthesized magnetic amine adsorbents were used to adsorb copper ions in an aqueous solution in a batch system,and the maximum adsorption was found to occur at pH 5.5 ± 0.1.The adsorption equilibrium data fitted t...     

Tetracycline removal via adsorption and metal-free catalysis with 3D macroscopic N-doped porous carbon nanosheets: Non-radical mechanism and degradation pathway

Recently, metal-based carbon materials have been verified to be an effective persulfate activator, but secondary pollution caused by metal leaching is inevitable. Hence, a green metalfree 3D macroscopic N-doped porous carbon nanosheets（NPCN） was synthesized successfully. The obtained NPCN showed high adsorption capacity of tetracycline（TC） and excellent persulfate（PS） activation ability, especially when calcined at 700 °C（NPCN-700）. The maximum adsorption capacity of NPCN-700 was 121.51 mg/g by ...     

钢渣粉末吸附去除废水中磷的研究

选用平均粒径为0.060mm的钢渣粉末作为除磷吸附剂,分析了其组成和结构,研究了溶液pH和温度对钢渣粉末吸附效果的影响,结合吸附动力学过程和吸附等温模型及钢渣粉末组成成分变化探讨其吸附除磷的机理。结果表明:钢渣粉末吸附除磷的动力学过程符合准二级动力学模型。Langmuir等温吸附模型能较好地模拟钢渣对磷的等温吸附过程,理论饱和吸附量为94.61mg/g。钢渣粉末对磷的吸附量远大于钢渣颗粒,且受pH和温度影响较大。随着溶液pH的增大,钢渣粉末对磷的吸附量逐渐减小,当pH=5时,钢渣粉末对磷的吸附量最大。温度升高,有利于钢渣粉末对磷的吸附。X射线荧光光谱(XRF)和傅里叶红外分析(FITR)结果表明,钢渣粉末中CaO、Fe2O3和SiO2在吸附除磷中均发挥了重要作用。     

Using a novel adsorbent macrocyclic compound cucurbit[8]uril for Pb~(2+) removal from aqueous solution

In this study, cucurbit[8]uril(CB[8]) was utilized as a kind of new adsorbent to remove Pb~(2+) ions from aqueous solution. With the solution p H increased from 2 to 6, the removal efficiency of adsorption increased from 55.6% to 74.5%correspondingly. The uptake of Pb~(2+) increased rapidly in the initial 30 min, and then the adsorption rate became slower. The Pseudo-second order model could be used to interpret the adsorption kinetics satisfactorily;and the rate determining step in Pb~(2+) adsorption onto CB[8] was the external mass transfer step. Equilibrium isotherm study reveals that the Langmuir model gave a better fitting result than Freundlich model. The maximum adsorption capacity calculated by the Langmuir model was 152.67 mg/g for 298 K, 149.70 mg/g for 313 K and 136.42 mg/g for 323 K, respectively.The adsorption is a spontaneous process of exothermic nature. The effect of the adsorbent dosage and the influences of solution p H and co-existing cations were also investigated.The CB[8] was synthesized and characterized by ~(1)H NMR, IR, ESI-MS spectra, SEM-EDAX,Zeta-potential and BET-analysis. The adsorption mechanism was due to the coordination between CB[8] molecule and Pb~(2+) ions.     

Removal of ammonium ion from water by Na-rich birnessite: Performance and mechanisms

Na-rich birnessite (NRB) was synthesized by a simple synthesis method and used as a high-efficiency adsorbent for the removal of ammonium ion (NH₄⁺) from aqueous solution. In order to demonstrate the adsorption performance of the synthesized material, the effects of contact time, pH, initial ammonium ion concentration, and temperature were investigated. Adsorption kinetics showed that the adsorption behavior followed the pseudo second-order kinetic model. The equilibrium adsorption data were fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models and the model parameters were evaluated. The monolayer adsorption capacity of the adsorbent, as obtained from the Langmuir isotherm, was 22.61 mg NH₄⁺-N/g at 283 K. Thermodynamic analyses showed that the adsorption was spontaneous and that it was also a physisorption process. Our data revealed that the higher NH₄⁺ adsorption capacity could be primarily attributed to the water absorption process and electrostatic interaction. Particularly, the high surface hydroxyl-content of NRB enables strong interactions with ammonium ion. The results obtained in this study illustrate that the NRB is expected to be an effective and economically viable adsorbent for ammonium ion removal from aqueous system.     

Preparation1 and utilization of wheat straw anionic sorbent for the removal of nitrate from aqueous solution

In order to reduce the impact of eutrophication caused by agricultural residues (i.e. excess nitrate) in aqueous solution, economic and effective anionic sorbents are required. In this article, we prepared anionic sorbent using wheat straw. Its structural characteristics and adsorption properties for nitrate removal from aqueous solution were investigated. The results indicate that the yield of the prepared anionic sorbent, the total exchange capacity, and the maximum adsorption capacity were 350%, 2.57 mEq/g, and 2.08 mmol/g, respectively. The Freundlich isotherm mode is more suitable than the Langmuir mode and the adsorption process accords with the first order reaction kinetic rate equation. When multiple anions (SO42-, H2PO4-, NO3-, and NO2-) were present, the isotherm mode of prepared anionic sorbent for nitrate was consistent with Freundlich mode; however, the capacity of nitrate adsorption was reduced by 50%. In alkaline solutions, about 90% of adsorbed nitrate ions could be desorbed from prepared anionic sorbent. The results of this study confirmed that the wheat straw anionic sorbent can be used as an excellent nitrate sorbent that removes nitrate from aqueous solutions.