劳动特效护肤霜的研制及效果观察

为防治职业性皮肤病，保护工人身体健康，采用水解明胶研制和生产出劳动特效护肤霜。对对这种护肤霜的使用，作用用统一的方法，在冬季对５１９例皲裂患者进行效果观察。发现对各种程度的皲裂均有显著疗效。有效率达９８．２０％，治愈率达８９．２１％，皲裂程度愈轻效果愈明显，在使用过程中，未见任何刺激性和副作用，部分患者用这各护肤霜擦脸后，皮肤变得细嫩光滑。经过安全和毒性试验表明：无毒性、无致敏性、无刺性。三种突变     

SGS—1高效皮肤清洗剂研制成功

水电部劳动保护科学研究所研制的SGS—1高效皮肤清洗剂,最近通过部级鉴定。 这种清洗剂可广泛应用于环氧树酯等化学灌浆及补强材料作业时的涂布清洗。经科学实验和现场长期使用表明,它的清洗效果好,安全无毒,无副作用,对皮肤有良好的保护和营养功效,对预防职业性皮炎,保护劳动者健康有明显效果。SGS—1高效皮肤清洗剂研制成功@陈伟业     

防止职业性皮肤病的新药──天然劳动护肤霜

在化工、冶金、矿山、医药等生产作业环境中,各种化学、物理、生物因素对人体的裸露皮肤产生刺激,往往是造成职业性皮肤病的主要原因,保护从事此类作业的工人的皮肤。是预防职业性皮肤病的重要一环。 江苏省劳动保护科学技术研究所联合商业部南京野生植物综合利用研究所共同研制出一种天然劳动防护霜,提供价廉物美的劳动护肤用品,并填补了我国选用野生植物有效提取物研制天然劳动护肤剂的空白。 这种护肤霜是从野生植物薏苡、决明子、蛇床子和丹皮中提取的有效成份,作为天然添加剂,与护肤霜的基质进行科学配伍,形成集天然性、疗效性和多功能…     

SGS—1高效皮肤清洗剂通过鉴定

由水电部劳动保护科学研究所研制的“SGS-1高效皮肤清洗剂”,于5月17日在湖北宜昌市通过部级鉴定。这种高效皮肤清洗剂,能广泛应用于环氧树脂等化学灌浆及补强材料作业人员的涂布清洗防护。经大量科学实验和较长时间的现场使用表明,该清洗剂清洗效果好,安全无毒,无副作用,对皮肤有良好的滋润和防     

二溴海因危险性试验研究

为评价二溴海因(简称DBDMH)在使用、储运过程中的危险性,采用75℃热稳定性试验对二溴海因在高热条件下的稳定性进行了研究,采用C600微量热法测试了二溴海因的放热起始温度、分解热,并依据《联合国关于危险货物运输的建议书-试验和标准手册》对其爆炸性进行了筛选,通过固体氧化性试验和家兔皮肤刺激性/腐蚀性试验分别对二溴海因的氧化性和皮肤刺激性进行了测试。结果表明:二溴海因在75℃热稳定性试验过程中没有出现着火或爆炸,未出现自加热迹象,不属于太不稳定不能运输的物质;其分解反应只有一步,起始反应温度大约为157℃,分解热为384.8J/g,不属于爆炸品;二溴海因具有氧化性,根据《联合国关于危险货物运输的建议书-规章范本》其包装级别为Ⅱ级;在家兔皮肤刺激性/腐蚀性试验中未见不可逆损伤,对皮肤具有强刺激性。     

常见有毒化学品资料卡

二氧化硫（SO2）英文名称：Sulfurdioxide通用或商品名称：亚硫酸配一、理化特性外观气味：无色气体或液体，有刺激性气味。相对密度：蒸气2．264（OT）；液体1．434（0）熔点：－75．5℃沸点：IO℃蒸气压：313．6IkPa（2．IT）溶解性：17．7％水（0℃），11．9％（15℃），8．5％（25t），6．4％（35t）。25％乙醇；32％甲醇。溶于氯仿、醚、乙酸、硫酸。中等度溶于苯、丙酮、四氯化碳。危险性：与水或蒸气反应产生有毒的和腐蚀性的气体。二、对人体危害急性中泰表现二氧化硫对眼和呼吸道粘膜有强烈的刺激作用。液体对皮肤、粘膜有腐…     

浅析塔式起重机 不安全因素及防范措施

塔式起重机是建筑施工垂直运输的主要设备，也是衡量一个建筑施工企业装备实力的重要标识．在当今竞争日益激烈的建筑市场．为满足施工需要．很多施工企业都购置了塔式起重机。随着塔式起重机在施工现场的广泛使用．由塔式起重机引发的伤亡事故也越来越多．给人民的生命财产带来重大损失。据国内有关部门统计资料表明，塔式起重机的事故率已达2.77％：其安全     

因生产丁腈橡胶引起的皮肤黑变病能够预防

人皆有爱美之心。然而,在接触、使用和生产丁腈橡胶的作业工人中,却发生着一种令人恐慌的皮肤黑变病。这种病不仅影响了人的美容与健康,也影响了这些企业的生产。患者可以表现为皮肤瘙痒症,接触性皮炎,湿疹及皮肤干燥、角化、皲裂;还会在颜面、前臂、足踝部或四肢近端及躯干处,     

浅谈我分局劳动安全工作存在的问题及其对策

加强劳动保护工作，搞好安全生产，保护职工的安全与健康，是我们党的一贯方针，是社会主义企业管理的一项基本原则。我分局建立三十三年来，尤其近几年，劳动安全工作取得较好成绩，一九九八年底止，分局无职工因工责任死亡事故已达3256天．进入全路先进行列。但是从总体来看，劳动安全还不稳定，发展也不平衡，存在不少薄弱环节，突出表现在：一是重伤事故仍趋波动状态，职工千人重伤率常在0．12L上下徘徊（见图1）；二是作业场所的尘毒浓度的合格率虽然逐年有提高，但目前合格率仍很低，只达57．14％（详见表1）。因工伤亡和生产过程中…     

生物絮凝剂普鲁兰与PAC、PAM对印染废水絮凝效果的比较

生物絮凝剂普鲁兰絮凝印染废水的过程中,生成的絮凝体粗大坚实,CODCr去除率达88．22％、浊度去除率达63．67％,对色度也有一定的去除,絮凝效果比PAM效果好,比PAC差。为以后进一步研究絮凝剂普鲁兰在印染废水中的应用,提供了相应的理论和试验基础。     

Occupational Safety and Health in Finland

In Finland, occupational safety is the responsibility of the employer, while the occupational safety and health laws are enforced by the Labour Inspection Service, an organization of the state. The Labour Inspection is divided in 11 administrative districts, and it employs 360 professionals. They are mandated to carry out site visits without prearranged appointments to inspect safe work situations, working hours, construction safety, or any aspect of accident risks. The inspectors are also mandated to verify the existence of sufficient occupational health services as prescribed by the Occupational Health Services Act for all employees. The occupational health services are typically provided by enterprise-owned medical departments, by mutually owned health care centers, by private practitioners, or by municipal health care centers. The latter are required by law to provide all services as prescribed by the legislation to anyone who comes to the facility. This situation is prevalent in the countryside, where there are very few private caregiving centers. Declaring occupational accidents and disease cases is mandatory, and the Inspection districts examine all accidents to establish causes and consequences, and to initiate prosecution in case of criminal negligence. Labour Inspection Districts are also notified of the new occupational disease cases as they are declared to insurance companies. Insurance for occupational disease, accidents, and death is an obligation of the employer, although they can choose the insurance company. The medical confidentiality between the workers and their occupational health care providers is very strict. Official statistics are maintained by the state Statistics Finland organization, and they may be used, for example, for research purposes by scientific institutes like the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health. Construction industry accounts for 25% of all fatal accidents (120 cases per 1 million working hours), followed by mechanical, wood, metal, machinery, and pulp and paper industry (10% each of fatal accidents) with rates ranging from 100–160 cases per 1 million working hours. There are some 5,000 occupational disease cases per year (rate 22/10,000 employed). The major disease categories include repetitive strain injuries (1,300 cases), respiratory allergies (600 cases), occupational skin diseases (1,000 cases), and 900 cases of noise-caused hearing loss. In 1998, 589 cases of asbestos-related diseases were reported.     

JZL自动输送检针器的研制

检针器是用来检测藏匿在布制玩具、服装、被子、鞋帽等物品内的金属锐利物 ,是生产厂家和商检部门的必备检测仪器 ,它的灵敏度的高低 ,直接关系到产品的质量和使用者尤其是儿童使用者的安全。笔者讨论了如何通过改进检针器的磁路结构和放大电路 ,提高检针器的灵敏度 ;同时分析研究了各种干扰的来源 ;给出了消除相应干扰的种种措施     

Methods of Assessing Efficiency of UV-Protecting Products

A few aspects of skin protection against ultraviolet (UV) light and methods of assessing efficacy of UV-protecting cream or gels have been discussed. UV-protection in cream and gels is not only a strategy of the cosmetic industry but a necessity because of human occupational activity and daily habits.     

Loss Prevention Programmes of the Hazardous Work Place Review and Inspection Act of Taiwan

Loss prevention programmes for the Hazardous Work Place Review and Inspection Act have been enforced in Taiwan since 1994. Essentially, the objective was to minimize occupational incidents and enhance work efficiency by strict inspection and stringent evaluation with cautious safety management. However, effective implementation of such a programme requires a consideration of the effect of this system and the perception and attitude of the employees. A survey was employed to quantify the safety achievements that resulted from executing the programme specified in the Hazardous Work Place Review and Inspection Act, along with a study to assess the programme's applicability. The information is intended to serve as a valuable reference for industries to actively improve loss prevention by using an inherently safer approach. This study was the first completed in Taiwan since the programme was launched in 1994. The data illustrated which elements of the programme could significantly alleviate occupational incidents and near misses. Effect analysis of more than 80% of the interviewed companies confirmed that the system is not only practical but also useful for promoting safety, if the programme is carried out appropriately.     

Cost–benefit analysis approach for the management of industrial safety in chemical and petrochemical industry

The high complexity of chemical and petrochemical installations determines a complex safety management of these establishments, therefore, there is a need to find innovative solutions to guarantee the prevention of failures and losses of containment from process equipment. In this frame, the use of the API Risk Based Inspection (RBI) assessment approach permits a significant reduction of maintenance costs and, simultaneously, the increase of plant's reliability and availability. To increase the level of industrial safety, a proper selection of measures is also needed, even if the adoption of such measures poses costs. Given that resources for the companies are usually limited, a comparison amongst various solutions has to be done with the aim to find the best one, based on a comparison of costs and benefit. To this scope, recently a software, named Inspection Manager, has been developed by ANTEA and implemented thanks to a cooperation with the University of Padova (Italy). The Inspection Manager provides support in the application of the RBI approach by means of the use of plant-specific data, which are stored in its database; its further implementation, presented in this paper, has made it able to support also cost-benefit analysis and, thus, the selection of measures to be adopted to prevent accidental events causing the release of hazardous materials. A case-study is presented to test the new functionality of the tool; after the identification of the most effective measures, a careful cost-benefit assessment has been executed as a basis for decision-making.     

医用输液生产中药品安全隐患分析及对策

针对医用输液生产中易受到异物污染、存在安全隐患的现状,分析安全隐患产生的主要环节及成因。当前生产中普遍采用的人工灯检方法,由于劳动强度大、工人易疲劳,并不能从源头上完全杜绝含有异物微粒的输液进入临床。为此,提出利用机器视觉技术对输液中异物微粒进行在线自动检测的解决方案。首先建立输液中异物粒子的运动轨迹数学模型;然后提取输液视觉图像序列中每个可能目标的有效特征,通过特征匹配和轨迹关联进行甄别检测;最后对视觉系统进行标定,确定检测到的异物微粒的粒径大小及微粒数量。实验表明,该技术对输液中微小异物检出确率达95%以上,能从源头上有效避免医用输液生产中异物污染。     

基于AHP法的诱发露天矿作业现场碰撞事故危险点重要度排序

露天矿作业现场运行的设备碰撞事故属于安全生产重大事故,尽管发生并不频繁但是同类事故依然在生产中发生。控制诱发该类事故的危险点是现场安全管理的重点,根据现场的事故案例运用AHP法,通过对危险点排序找出其中的重要度,确定碰撞事故中的主要诱发因素,以此在动态生产中识别系统关键节点的危险性,找到预防同类碰撞事故的有效措施。由于诱发危险点在生产中的复杂性,AHP法解决的只是一段时间内的问题,但也为快速掌握安全预控问题提供了一种研究思路。这样在管理资源有限的条件下,为工艺运行的安全预防和控制提供可靠的保障。     

煤矿呼吸性粉尘及其综合控制

在生产过程中产生的粉尘中,呼吸性粉尘是尘肺病的引发源,在煤矿防尘工作中必须引起高度重视。我国煤矿尘肺病发病情况十分严重,据不完全统计,至2002年底,我国煤炭行业累计患尘肺病人数达25万以上,该年度因尘肺病死亡人数是因事故死亡人数的两倍。呼吸性粉尘粒径小、悬浮时间长、肉眼不可见,极易被吸入人体的肺部并沉积于肺泡区内,随着沉积量的增加,可引发尘肺病。尘肺病目前尚无法根治,但完全可以预防。其有效的预防措施就是对粉尘施行综合控制,从抑制尘源、降低浮尘、排除余尘到个体防护等一系列技术措施,最大限度地减低作业人员的接尘量,同时进行医学预防,防止尘肺病的发生和发展。建立工程性防御与医学性预防相结合,防止煤尘爆炸与预防尘肺病一体化的管理机制。     

双层玻璃幕墙全尺寸火灾实验研究

针对双层玻璃幕墙实际应用中的消防问题,采用全尺寸火灾实验的方法对火焰和烟气在双层幕墙结构中的传播进行了分析研究.在建立实体实验模型时采用同工程设计和实际构造相同的双层玻璃幕墙,并按实际尺寸搭建了一座2层的楼房模拟客房床垫中央着火、客房床垫角落着火和客房整体失火3种工况,并对火源热释放速率、幕墙玻璃内外侧温度、火焰和烟气运动过程进行了测量和观测,得出了火焰传播过程和烟气在幕墙夹层内运动特征及双层玻璃幕墙结构临界破碎温度、破碎时间等耐火性能特性.     

Data mining for occupational injuries in the Taiwan construction industry

There is a higher rate of occupational injury in the construction industry than most other industries on average. However, steps can be taken to reduce worker risk through effective injury prevention strategies. In this article, association rule mining is employed in identifying the characteristics of occupational injuries in the construction industry. Accident reports during the period 1999–2004 are extracted from case reports of the Northern Region Inspection Office of the Council of Labor Affairs of Taiwan. In addition to general factors, several factors related to weather conditions are included in this article. The results show that there are some patterns of occupational injuries in the construction industry. The effect of rain on the occurrence of fatalities is of great significance. Proposed inspection plans should be in accordance with the type of construction and environmental evaluation. The findings identified in this article provide a direction for more effective inspection strategies and injury prevention programs.